Merino wakilin tumaki ne, wanda ke bawa manomi damar samun ulu da ulu mai tsada. Irin wannan fanni na aikin ɗan adam kamar yadda noman tumaki ke ƙaruwa kowace rana, don haka kasancewar irin wannan nau’in sharadi ne ga manomi. Yi la’akari da abin da tumaki na merino, abin da ke sa wannan nau’in ya zama na musamman, yadda za a kiwo da kuma ajiye shi a gida.
Bayanin irin Merino
Halayen asali
A gaskiya ma, Merino wani nau’i ne wanda aka haifa a tsakiyar zamanai na Spain, saboda haka yana da sunan Mutanen Espanya. An yi la’akari da irin wannan dabba a matsayin wakilin gashin gashi mai kyau, tun da yake, la’akari da halaye na ulu, ana iya lura da cewa fiber ne mai laushi da bakin ciki. Idan muka kwatanta waɗannan dabbobin tare da sauran wakilan tumaki na nau’in nama, to, suna ba da ulu mai yawa. Amma idan muka yi la’akari da wasu wakilai na nau’in nau’in da ake tambaya, nauyin ulun da aka samu zai iya zama daidai da alamar nama.
An fara samo nau’in Merino a Spain a cikin karni na XNUMX mai nisa. Don samun nau’i mai kyau, an ketare tumaki daga Arewacin Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Har zuwa karni na sha bakwai, mazaunan Spain an dauke su a matsayin masu mulki na gaskiya a wannan yanki, amma a cikin karni na sha takwas duk an haramta fitar da kayayyaki kuma an yanke hukuncin kisa don aiwatar da ayyuka. Sai bayan da aka sha kashi a yakin a karni na XNUMX, an fitar da samfurori daban-daban zuwa wasu kasashe.
Tuni a cikin sababbin yankuna, an yi amfani da wakilan tumaki don kiwo a cikin tsari mai tsabta ko kuma an dauke su a matsayin dabbobin da za a iya ketare tare da wani nau’i don samun sabon wakilin wannan rukuni. A zahiri, ta hanyar ƙetare irin wannan tumaki tare da wasu, yana yiwuwa a sami dabbobi masu amfani. A yau, wakilan iri-iri suna da yawa: ana iya samun su a duk nahiyoyi na duniya.
Darajar ulu
Dabba kamar Merino yana da daraja a tsakanin sauran wakilan tumaki saboda ulu na musamman. , wanda shine samfurin inganci kuma mai laushi. Idan muka kwatanta gashin mutum da na wannan dabba, na biyun zai yi yawa sau da yawa, amma kuma ya fi karfi sau da yawa. Saboda wannan, nau’in nau’in nasa ne na gashin gashi mai kyau.
Merino ulu
Irin wannan nau’in tumaki yana da mafi sirara kuma mafi daraja a bushewa. Anan yana da dumi sosai, mai santsi, mai laushi kuma yana da siffa ta musamman ta farin dusar ƙanƙara. Idan muka yi la’akari da nawa waɗanda albarkatun kasa ke da daraja kuma wanda ke da ulu mafi mahimmanci, to, Merinos daga Ostiraliya da New Zealand suna cikin wannan jerin. A wannan yanayin, yanayin gashin gashin tumaki na merino zai kasance kamar haka:
- iya jin dumi na musamman,
- taushi da jin daɗin taɓawa,
- kyau kwarai hygroscopic Manuniya.
Duk da cewa gashin ulu na Merino yana da daraja don ingancinsa, kar ka manta cewa zaka iya samun 4 zuwa 5 mafi ƙarancin masana’anta daga dabba fiye da kowane nau’in nama. Har ila yau, duk tufafin da aka yi da irin waɗannan kayan danye ba su taɓa jin kamar gumin ɗan adam ba.
Daban-daban fasali
Halayen nau’in Merino sun haɗa da:
- Unpretentiousness na Merinosov a cikin tashi, ba tare da buƙatar cin abinci ba.
- mai sauƙin daidaitawa ga yanayin yanayi daban-daban da yanayin zafin jiki,
- alamomi na babban haihuwa, wanda ba za a iya ce game da sauran nau’in,
- kyakkyawar canja wurin zafi tsakanin jiki da yanayi.
Merino tumaki ne wanda a yau ya sa ya yiwu a sami gashin gashi mai kyau, wanda yana da kyakkyawan hygroscopicity. A lokaci guda kuma, tumakin Merino suna da irin wannan murfi mai yawa na rune wanda yana da wuya a ga ko da muzzle a bayansa.
Mafi yawan nau’in nau’in
Akwai adadi mai kyau na nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) nau’in nau’i-nau’i. Waɗannan nau’ikan sun haɗa da:
- Soviet Merino,
- Altai,
- Dzhalgin Merino,
- Sifeniyanci
Kuma wannan ba cikakken jerin ba ne.
An binne merinos-style Soviet a kan ƙasa na tsohuwar USSR don samun ulu da nama. A yau, ana iya samun waɗannan dabbobi a Siberiya, da Stavropol Territory da Dagestan. Saboda babban inganci da cikakken aiki na masu shayarwa waɗanda suka yi aiki tuƙuru don shahara, yana yiwuwa a sami ingantaccen nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau) nau’i nau’i nau’i naui nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau‘in ingantacciyar inganci) wanda aka samo shi tare da kyawawan alamun ulu da nama. A lokaci guda, raguna suna da nauyin kilogiram 50 da kuma manya Merino tunkiya 110.
Soviet Merino
Duk da cewa an dauki merinos dabbobin ulu masu kyau, a cikin shekara guda kimanin kilogiram 15-20 na ulu za a iya yanke daga rago, kuma kimanin kilogiram 7-8 daga tunkiya. A lokaci guda kuma, wannan nau’in yana jin daɗin ƙima ta musamman saboda kusan ƴan ƴan tsana 120 na manya Merinos kusan 100. Idan muka yi la’akari da wakilan Altai, wannan nau’in ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru 20 na aikin da ya dace a bangaren masu shayarwa. Da farko, suna da kyau saboda suna da ingantaccen tsarin tsarin jiki.
Haihuwa kuma yana kan matsayi mai girma, domin manya 150 na iya haihuwa tsakanin raguna 170 zuwa XNUMX.
Yanzu, ana samun irin wannan nau’in ba kawai a Altai ba, har ma a Bashkortostan da yankin Chelyabinsk.
Daya daga cikin sabbin nasarorin da masu shayarwa suka samu shine rago da aka sani da Merinos na nau’in Dzhalginsky. Idan muka yi la’akari da irin wannan dabba da cikakken bayaninsa, yana da daraja a kula da gaskiyar cewa, idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau’o’in, yana da kusan alamomi iri ɗaya na yawan nama da ulu.
Har ila yau, kar a manta da Merino na Mutanen Espanya, kamar yadda kuma manoma na yau suna amfani da su sosai.
Duban hotuna da yawa na Merinos, zamu iya amincewa da cewa wannan nau’in tumaki ne mai ban mamaki. Amma duk wanda aƙalla sau ɗaya yana riƙe da kayan ulu na Merino a hannunsu zai iya amincewa da cewa suna da kyau ba kawai saboda suna da laushi da jin daɗi ba, amma kuma saboda ikon su na bauta wa mutum na tsawon shekaru.
