Abun cikin labarin
Akwai tatsuniyoyi da yawa game da kaddarorin masu amfani na orange, wasu daga cikinsu
wanda, duk da haka, ba a tabbatar da wani abu ba. Misali, wasu suna tunani
cewa orange karya duk records na bitamin C abun ciki, ko da yake
a gaskiya, ba ya fice a tsakanin sauran ‘ya’yan itatuwa citrus don wannan siga.
Wasu sun gamsu cewa ‘ya’yan itacen lemu (ko ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da aka matse) suna iya
ƙona kitse yadda ya kamata da zubar da karin fam
akan abinci. Wannan kuma ba gaskiya ba ne.
Duk da haka, orange shine ainihin samfurin lafiya wanda zai iya
bi da asma da cututtukan neurodegenerative, kashe aiki
yawan kwayoyin cuta, inganta yanayin ciwon sukari da cututtuka
hanta, ƙananan hawan jini kuma suna da tasiri mai kyau akan tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini
tsarin. Amma lokacin gabatar da orange a cikin abinci, ya zama dole koyaushe
la’akari da halayen haɗari na samfurin, wanda a hade tare da kwayoyi
zai iya haifar da sakamako mara tabbas.
Amfani Properties na orange
Haɗin kai da adadin kuzari.
Sabuwar orange ya ƙunshi (a cikin 100 g): .
kalori 47 kcal
Vitamin C 53,2 Potasio, Vitamin K 181
B4 8,4 Calcium, bitamin Ca 40
B3 0,282 phosphorus,
P 14 Vitamin E 0,18 Magnesium, Mg 10 Vitamin
B1 0,087 Iron,
Farashin 0,1
Cikakken abun da ke ciki
Amfani a magani
Lokacin magana game da amfani da magani na ɓangaren litattafan almara da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace orange, gabaɗaya ne
yana nufin maganin laxative mai laushi, diuretic da samfurin ya samar
da choleretic sakamako, anti-sclera mataki, tare da
raguwa a cikin permeability na ganuwar jini da ƙarfafa su. me yafi haka
wannan, yawancin karatun likitanci sun kafa
da tarin sauran kaddarorin samfur masu amfani.
- Antioxidant aiki. Kunshe a ciki
lemu anthocyanins, wanda ke aiki azaman antioxidants;
rage haɗarin yawan cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru.,
ciki har da – zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da kuma cataracts..
Daga cikin dukkanin tsire-tsire da aka yi nazari na dangin Rutaceae, ana samun su a ciki
Abubuwan antioxidant na orange sun fi bayyana...
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, wannan yayin motsa jiki kuma yana hana
ci gaban hypoxia a cikin sel.Similar Antioxidant kama
Kaddarorin suna halayyar ba kawai na ɓangaren litattafan almara ba, har ma da fata na wannan
Fruit.. - Kashe ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban. Anti-kwayan cuta
Ayyukan yana tasowa saboda gaskiyar cewa ruwan ‘ya’yan itace orange yana iya
ta da macrophage aiki.. - Maganin cututtukan neurodegenerative.
An nuna jiko mai zafi na bawon lemu don hanawa
biturylcholinesterase da MAO. Kuma wannan, bi da bi, yana buɗewa
abubuwan da za a yi amfani da su a cikin maganin cututtukan neurodegenerative
cututtuka.. - Inganta ciwon sukari mellitus.
en
Ciwon sukari mellitus cirewar giya daga scabs na iya hanawa
ci gaban nephropathy
., da kuma inganta farfadowa a cikin masu ciwon sukari
fata.. - Tasiri akan tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. В
Flavonoids suna taimakawa wajen hana cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace orange, kamar yadda suke da antioxidant, tasirin hypoglycemic
da kuma aikin hypolipidemic.… A ruwan ‘ya’yan itace kuma «tsayawa»
wani kumburi a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini saboda
ku ci abinci mai mai.… Dalili mai yiwuwa
wannan – raguwar peroxidation na lipid da ke haifar da antioxidants
jugo.. - Rage hawan jini. Orange
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da aka wadatar da hadadden bitamin yana iya
sauka
matsin lamba .. - Hakanan, ana ba da shawarar ɓangaren litattafan almara na lemu a cikin shirye-shiryen
abinci mai gina jiki don rashin bitamin
kuma anaemia..
A cikin magungunan jama’a
Magungunan gargajiya na zamani sun yi amfani da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace gauraye
tare da sukari, don “fitar da bile” da “kwantar da kaifin jini.”
Ma’aunin magani ya rubuta ruwan ‘ya’yan itace don “tari mai zafi” kuma don
tarin “phlegm” a cikin huhu. Don inganta yanayin, rabu da mu
amai da tashin zuciya, ya zama dole a haɗa 5 grams na ƙasa da ruwa
lemu bawo da abin sha..
Magungunan gargajiya na zamani na al’ummomi daban-daban sun bambanta
takamaiman yanki. Saboda haka, alal misali, a Bulgaria kamar yadda
mai kwantar da hankali, shafa jiko na ganyen lemu
a cikin adadin 3-4 grams na ganye da gilashin ruwa. A Italiya orange
Ana ba da shawarar ruwa azaman wakili na hemostatic kuma a ciki
kamar maquiladora. A decoction na kore ‘ya’yan itatuwa da mata fi so.
madadin hanyoyin, a cikin haɗarin ku da haɗari, za a iya amfani da su tare da gyambon mahaifa
zub da jini..
A Gabas, busasshen bawon ’ya’yan itacen ma ana amfani da su a al’adance.
tare da zubar da ruwa mai yawa a lokacin jinin haila, kuma an wajabta shi
en
zazzabi A cikin furanni orange da haushi, sun yi zafi
infusions da aka yi la’akari da kyau masu kwantar da hankali. Wadannan guda infusions
bisa ga al’ada, ya taimaka wajen inganta ci.que
wani bangare ya zo tare da ra’ayoyin zamani na masana abinci mai gina jiki.
A cikin binciken kimiyya
Masana kimiyya suna bincike sosai akan ‘ya’yan itace orange saboda suna da
abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. Don haka, alal misali, waɗannan Citrus
‘ya’yan itatuwa suna taimakawa
inganta yanayin hanta. Nazarin ya nuna iyawa
Ruwan lemu yana hana girma kuma yana hana mai.
dystrophy na hanta..
Masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa lemu ma na taimakawa wajen magance cutar asma.
An nuna tasirin maganin asma a cikin a
binciken da ke cikin hesperidin da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace naringenin..
Bugu da ƙari kuma, da barasa ruwan ‘ya’ya na orange peels a cikin gwaji
ya nuna sakamako mai ban tsoro a kan shahararrun kwayoyin cuta
Helicobacter pylori.… Bugu da kari, da bactericidal sakamako na tsantsa
Fatar kuma tana shafar ƙwayoyin cuta kamar Klebsiella ciwon huhu,
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri da sauransu.
.… Wannan lambar kuma ta haɗa da ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na kogon baka.
..
Ruwan ruwan lemu mai ruwa zai iya hana acetylcholinesterase,
wanda ke sa amfaninsa na warkewa ya yiwu a
Cutar Alzheimer.… Sarrafa placebo
kuma gwaje-gwajen bazuwar sun nuna ci gaba
aikin fahimi a cikin tsofaffi tare da tsawan lokaci
shan ruwan lemu..
A cikin ilimin abinci
Akwai sanannen imani cewa orange “yana ƙone mai”, saboda haka
Tare da shi, zaka iya rasa nauyi da sauri. A gaskiya, wannan inji
kaikaice ne kuma yana bayyana kansa ta hanyar aikin wani abu
ake kira “naringin.” Kamar yadda masana abinci mai gina jiki suka bayyana, lokacin da aka sha
naringin, ana kunna sigina a cikin hanta mai cin abinci mai kyau wanda ya ce
jikin da ke jin yunwa da kuma cika kuzarin da yake bukata
fara kona mai. Duk da haka, waɗancan masana abinci na abinci iri ɗaya sun yi gargaɗin haka
Wannan “rashin nauyi na orange” na iya haifar da sakamako mai ma’ana,
kawai idan kun ci ‘ya’yan itace dozin da yawa lokaci guda, wanda ke da wahala.
kuma mara lafiya, kamar kowane zagi.
Duk da haka, bisa ga lemu, wasu masu gina jiki suna tasowa
abincin marubucin. Don haka, alal misali, Margarita Koroleva, sananne
a cikin kafofin watsa labarai a matsayin dietitian na «taurari», (tun daga cikin abokan ciniki,
Valeria, Anita Tsoi, Nikolay Baskov), ya halicci “Orange”.
rage cin abinci ‘, wanda ke ba ku damar rage nauyi har zuwa 5% na asali. Shirin
An tsara asarar nauyi don kwanaki 2 (mafi girman 3). A wannan lokacin
Zaku iya cin lemu kawai da farar dafaffen ƙwai, ban da haka.
dole ne a samar da abinci kowace sa’a. Wannan rhythm shine ra’ayin
kunna tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen rasa nauyi.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa lokacin magana game da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace orange a cikin abinci mai gina jiki da magani,
ko da yaushe yana nufin ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da aka matse. Ee don kwatanta
shan ruwan ‘ya’yan itace sabo, samfurin da aka saya a cikin nau’i na ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da aka sake ginawa
da Nectar, don haka gram 100 na yawancin bitamin C zai kasance a ciki
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da aka matse (70,9 MG), za a ɗauki wuri na biyu ta hanyar sake ginawa
(57,3 mg). Nectar yana matsayi na uku tare da 53,2 MG na bitamin
amma ratar daga matsayi na biyu ba zai yi komai ba.
Kalmar “sake kafa” ta shafi ruwan lemu.
don samfurin da aka yi daga ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da aka tattara ta
dilution. Wani lokaci ruwan ‘ya’yan itace ne kawai pasteurized kuma a cikin wannan nau’i (ba tare da
maida hankali dilution) ana kawota zuwa ga shelves. A wannan yanayin
za a yiwa marufi alama: gajarta: “NfC” da / ko cikakke
Ba daga Hankali ba. Amma irin wannan
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace ne kullum zafi magani.
Don samar da masana’antu na juices ana amfani da su kamar yadda aka ƙi
saboda girma da kamanni, duka nau’ikan tsada da na musamman
iri tare da rage kaddarorin ga mabukaci, wadanda
rashin tsabta, ƙarami kuma mara kyau (misali,
sosai Salustian iri-iri, rayayye horar da a Valencia).
Wato, ruwan ‘ya’yan itacen da kansa yakan yi shi daga lemu da kansu.
cewa a cikin nau’i na dukan ‘ya’yan itace suna located kusa da juna a kan counter. Kuma na gina jiki
hane-hane tasowa ba sosai daga albarkatun kasa da kansu, amma daga
hanyar yin ruwan ‘ya’yan itace na kantin sayar da kayayyaki, wanda aka ƙara kullum
Yawan sukari. Bisa ga wannan siga, ruwan lemu shine mafi cutarwa.
na zabin ruwan ‘ya’yan itace. Ya ƙunshi kusan 11,8 MG na sukari, a cikin ragi.
– game da 11 MG, kuma sabo ne squeezed – 8,9 MG na sukari da 100 grams.
A cikin dafa abinci
A cikin abinci na yau da kullun (wanda ba na abinci ba), ana haɗa orange a cikin da yawa
jita-jita daga daban-daban cuisines na duniya. Wannan ‘ya’yan itace a al’ada yana tafiya da kyau
tare da kayan lambu, kifi, kaji. Misali, lokacin dafa agwagwa
tare da miya orange, finely yankakken an ƙara zuwa sabo ne matsi ruwan ‘ya’yan itace
barkono barkono
wani tsunkule na sukari da gishiri. Sa’an nan kuma an kawo wannan abun da ke ciki zuwa tafasa.
Kuma don kammala shirye-shiryen miya na daidaiton da aka fi so
da yawa a cikin cakuda a cikin rafi mai kyau, dan kadan diluted
ruwa sitaci.
Ana amfani da duka ɓangaren litattafan almara da zest a girke-girke na salatin.
citrus. Amma kewayon amfani ga lemu ya fi fadi. Daga gare su
– mafi daidai, daga peels orange – har ma suna yin mustard, wanda
da aka sani a Italiya a matsayin kayan yaji na gargajiya. Ana kawo ɓangarorin
zuwa masana’anta a cikin ruwan gishiri (masu kiyayewa), kuma bayan wankewa, tafasa
a cikin syrup. Don adana ƙanshi da dandano na zest, ana ƙara sukari.
kadan, don kawai jiƙa zaƙi. Bambance dandano
figs taimaka
pears da peaches.
Ana samun man lemu mai kamshi daga zest. Hatta na daji suna da daci
lemu ba a jefar ba. Suna yin takamaiman jam tare da
yaji dandano.
Akwai dabarun dafa abinci na asali guda biyu don sauƙi.
lemu don dafa abinci:
- 1 Don sauƙaƙe rabuwa da kwasfa daga ɓangaren litattafan almara, masu dafa abinci suna shirya
incision. Idan muka yi kwatanci tare da duniya kuma masu ilimin geographers suka karɓa
terminology, sa’an nan yanke “iyakoki” a duka “sandunan” ‘ya’yan itace, da
sannan an yanke 5-6 tare da “meridians.” - 2 Don yin sauƙi don matsi ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga ɓangaren litattafan almara, an yanke ‘ya’yan itace a cikin rabin.
kuma saka a cikin microwave na rabin minti daya (ikon kimanin 500 W).
Wannan yana lalata membranes masu rarraba kuma yana sauƙaƙe kwarara.
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace.
En cosmetology
Amfanin amfani da gida na abin rufe fuska da aka yi daga shafa.
sha’awa, sami tabbaci kai tsaye a cikin ayyukan bincike
cosmetologists. A cewar masana kimiyya, bawon lemu na iya hanawa
oxidative danniya da kuma hana kumburi halayen
a cikin sel fata, wanda ya haifar da bayyanar ultraviolet radiation..
Don wannan kawai, abubuwan da aka zaɓa dole ne a haɗa su daidai.
tare da sauran sinadaran cream.
Hakanan an sami fa’idodin kwaskwarima a cikin lemu.
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace. Ya juya daga cewa yisti fermentation tafiyar matakai ba kawai
kar a rage abun ciki na abubuwa masu aiki na halitta.Harshen Sino
akasin haka, suna ƙara abun ciki na flavonones, carotenoids da melatonin
.… Hesperidin a cikin ruwan lemu na iya hana trypsin
da enzyme tyrosinase, da kuma inganta samuwar melanin
a kan fata. Saboda yawan bitamin da carotenoids, yin amfani da su
Ruwan lemun tsami yana rage illa ga sel.
fata yana da amfani da barasa.
Amfani mara kyau
Imani cewa lemu na iya narkar da mai yana nunawa
a cikin hanyar da ba ta dace ba don amfani da su: a Jamaica tare da lemu
suna tsaftace benaye ta hanyar yanke ’ya’yan itacen ’ya’yan itace, kuma a Afghanistan, matan gida
wanke kitsen daga jita-jita tare da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace.
Za a iya tabbatar da ingancin waɗannan fasahohin da kanku cikin sauƙi,
misali, matse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace a cikin farantin maiko. Ajiye kayan wanka
Irin wannan hanyar wankewa a fili yana asara, amma idan babu “Chemistry”
ko kuma idan an jefar da shi da gangan, ana iya ɗaukan karɓuwa
madadin.
Busassun lemu, godiya ga kyawawan dabi’unsu, na iya zama
yin kayan ado na asali don bishiyar Kirsimeti, musamman idan
Haskaka yankan bakin ciki tare da kwararan fitila.
Haɗarin kaddarorin orange da contraindications.
Jama’a sun yaba da fa’idar lemu ga tattalin arzikin kasashen.
kuma don lafiya ko jin daɗin kowane mutum. amma
wannan ‘ya’yan itace kuma yana da kaddarorin masu haɗari waɗanda ke kula da su
nutritionists da hygienists.
Hatsarin cin ruwan lemu da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace
a kan ta, an fi danganta ta da abubuwa guda uku:
- Factor No. 1. Sakamakon yanayin acidic akan enamel hakori.
Ko da yanki na orange guda ɗaya ko da yawa
sips na ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, ƙimar pH ya canza, yana haifar da karuwa
matakin acidity a cikin baki da kuma barazanar cavities
enamel. Stores ruwan ‘ya’yan itace a wannan batun sun fi hatsari saboda high
abun ciki na sukari a cikin abun da ke ciki. Saboda haka, masu tsabta suna ba da shawarar orange.
Sha ruwan ‘ya’yan itace ta hanyar bambaro don rage hulɗa da haƙoranku.
Hakanan, yana da kyau a kurkure bakinka da ruwa bayan cin abinci. cewa
zai rage yawan sinadarin acid.
- Factor No. 2. Amsar jiki ga adadi mai yawa
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da aka sha (lemu da aka haɗiye) tare da yiwuwar barazana
gastritis.
Yawancin ya dogara da ɗawainiyar ɗaiɗaikun ɗaya. Amma eh
mutum na iya sha cikin aminci a kowace safiya ba tare da komai ba
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace sabo da aka matse na ‘ya’yan itatuwa dozin guda, sannan wani da babban yuwuwar
gastritis ba da daɗewa ba zai “aiki,” kamar yadda masu gina jiki suka yi gargaɗi.
Yawan amfani da wannan ‘ya’yan itace yana cutar da fiye da kyau.
- Factor # 3. Halin da ba a iya faɗi ba game da haɗin naringin.
tare da magunguna.
Naringin, wani abu da ake samu a cikin lemu, yana amsawa
tare da enzymes hanta mutum. Sakamakon huldar da aka yi.
karkatar da sakamakon da ake tsammani na kwayoyi – mai wahala
Yi hasashen yadda maganin zai yi aiki. Kuma idan an ƙara zuwa lemu na magani
Barasa hadaddiyar giyar, cirrhosis
hanta na iya tasowa a zahiri a cikin ‘yan makonni.
Ko da acetaminophen na yau da kullun na iya zama haɗari idan an ɗauke shi da shi.
Ruwan lemu. Irin wannan gargaɗin ya shafi ruwan ‘ya’yan itace da sauran su
‘ya’yan itatuwa Citrus
Mun tattara mahimman bayanai game da fa’idodi da haɗarin orange.
a cikin wannan misalin kuma za mu yi godiya sosai idan kun raba
hoto a shafukan sada zumunta, tare da hanyar haɗi zuwa shafinmu:
bayanai na sha’awa
- 1 An dauke su mafi dadi da tsada lemu.
irin ‘ya’yan itatuwa Dekopon… Guda 6 na waɗannan ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun kai Yuro 75
(€ 12,5 guntu). - 2 Mutum na farko da ya fara iyo a cikin ganga a Niagara Falls ya mutu
gangrene, yana raunata kafa bayan ya zame akan lemu
Cortex - 3 Don haɓaka tallace-tallace na ruwan lemu, hukumar talla
ya ƙirƙira jarumin littafin ban dariya: Kyaftin “Citrus”, wanda ya sami babban ƙarfinsa
da safe sabo. - 4 Dandan lemu yana matsayi na uku a jerin
mafi fi so ƙamshi, na biyu kawai cakulan da kuma vanilla. - 5 A bayan yakin Argentina, an hana ci gaban kayayyakin sufuri,
amma rayayye girma lemu, tambayar ta yaya
isar da amfanin gona ga masu amfani. Ba tare da shawarar ku ba, wani ɓangare na girbi shine sauƙi
binne daga kasa. Don kauce wa hakan daga Airmen na Cibiyar
Injiniya na jirgin sama na Cordoba, wanda injiniyan Jamus Reimar ya jagoranta
Horten, a cikin 1953 sufuri na musamman
jirgin, mai suna don haka «a cikin girmamawa» na m kaya – «Orange»
(Spanish Naranjero), ko FMA I. Ae.38. Sunan tsakiya, wanda ba na hukuma ba
zamanin Dillalin Orange.
Abin takaici, kwafi ɗaya kawai aka gina – samfurin da ya yi
jirgin gwaji ne kawai, ba jirgin kasuwanci ba. Don kaddamar da jigilar kaya
a cikin samar da taro, ya zama dole don maye gurbin motocin da ƙari
mai ƙarfi, wanda masana’anta ya kasa bayarwa. Ci gaba da ci gaba
Aikin ya samu cikas saboda yanayin siyasa da bunkasar sufurin mota.
ed.
Tarihi
Abin tunawa ga orange, wanda aka gina a Odessa, ya gaya labarin
na tarihin birnin, da kuma abin tunawa a Tel Aviv ya ba da labarin
duk garin:
- 1 Yukren. En 2004 a Odessa
ya haifar da abin tunawa ga orange, almara mai ceto na birnin tun
rage. An ɗora sassaka a kan ƙafar ƙafa.
Mita 12,5 (diamita) ‘ya’yan itacen tagulla waɗanda troika ke ɗauka
dawakai. An “cire da dama” kuma an maye gurbinsu da siffar Paul I.
Kasancewar siffa na sarki da dawakai ya nuna tarihin
yadda a lokacin sanyi na 1800 alkalin birnin ya aika Bulus 3
dubunnan zaɓaɓɓun lemu, da fatan samun lamuni na $250
rubles don ci gaba da gina tashar jiragen ruwa. Tunanin yayi aiki
kuma birnin ya samu kudade. - 2 Isra’ila. “Orange mai girma
Itace ” a Old Jaffa an halicce shi ne a cikin 1993. A cewar wani sigar.
alama ce ta makomar al’ummar da ta daɗe
dakatar da jihar ‘, ba tare da wani tushen nutsewa a cikin ƙasa ba –
ba tare da matsayin ku ba. Abun da ke ciki shine orange mai haske.
itace mai girma zuwa babban siffar kwai
tukunyar filawa. - 3 Turkiya. A cikin wannan “orange”
ƙasar tana da abubuwan sassaƙa da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da yawa waɗanda ke wasa
taken ‘ya’yan itace orange.
A cikin fasaha
Yawancin ‘ya’yan Soviet sun fara koya game da ‘ya’yan itace kamar orange.
de zane mai ban dariya game da Cheburashka… Babban hali shi ne
dabbar da ba a sani ba wacce ta rayu a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, amma ta yi nasara
zuwa babban birni domin ya hau kan kwalin lemu.
inda ya kwana.
Sunan ‘ya’yan itacen yana samuwa a cikin taken sanannen «adult».
Anthony Burgess littattafaiLemukan inji“, Daga baya
Stanley Kubrick ne ya tsara shi. Wannan sunan ya bayyana godiya ga
consonance na kalmar Malay ‘orang’, wanda ke fassara zuwa ‘mutum’,
da kalmar Ingilishi “orange”, a cikin fassarar – “orange”. Bada suna
A cikin littafinsa, Burgess ya taka leda tare da furci na ban mamaki cewa
Ma’aikatan London ke amfani da su waɗanda ba a saba gani ba, ban mamaki da ban mamaki
Abubuwan da ba su da ma’anar ma’anar ma’anar an kira su “curves, like a groovy
Orange”.
A cikin fim din Kira Muratova “Gajerun tarurruka»An gabatar da orange
a matsayin alama na taron duniya marar ganuwa na kwarewa mai zurfi da kuma duniyar
ma’anoni na wanzuwa.
Bayanin Botanical
‘Ya’yan itãcen iyali ana kiransa lemu a cikin Rashanci. tushe
itatuwa, dangin dangi orange, nice citrus.
Kalmar gama gari don ‘ya’yan itace ta fito ne daga Yaren mutanen Holland.
harshe, tare da kashi na farko na waɗannan ‘ya’yan itatuwa (mafi daidai, Berry
‘ya’yan itatuwa) zuwa Rasha.
Asalin Sunan
A yau, a cikin wallafe-wallafen Yaren mutanen Holland, an dauke shi daidai
amfani da sunan”orange“, A kalma”Orange»
Ƙamus ɗin ƙamus na Dutch suna da lakabin takardar neman yanki
daga kalmar Faransanci “nono apple«, Wanda aka fassara
kamar yadda «apple na kasar Sin» .… Wannan ambaton
Kasar Sin ta nuna kai tsaye ga kasar da labarin ya samo asali
lemu mai zaki
Historia
Ƙasar mahaifar lemu ita ce kudu maso gabashin Asiya da China, inda waɗannan
An yi noman itatuwan shekaru XNUMX kafin Kristi. ni.
An yi imanin cewa itatuwan ‘ya’yan itace na farko na wannan nau’in sun kasance sakamakon
ƙetare tangerines
da ‘ya’yan inabi.
Orange ya isa Turai ta Spain a kusa da 1100
sa’an nan kuma, tare da farkon cin nasara na Sabuwar Duniya, an “sake shi” (gabatar da shi)
zuwa Amurka. An san cewa a cikin 1579 itatuwan lemu suna ba da ‘ya’ya
a St. Augustine, a bakin tekun Atlantika a arewa maso gabashin Florida.
Tun kimanin shekarun 1870 a Amurka, lemu da aka noma a baya
ta girma iri, fara noma ta sprouting
(alalbar da ido daya). Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a rage girman sauye-sauye na zuriya,
don cimma mafi tabbataccen nau’in ainihi, kuma tare da manufa
fadada nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan da»» ma’adinai ma’adinai, da fadada nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i)) ya ba da damar yin amfani da su
a matsayin ma’auni, nau’ikan citrus waɗanda suka fi dacewa da su
zuwa yanayin gida: sauyin yanayi, ƙasa, cututtuka.
Har yanzu dai Amurka tana matsayi na biyu bayan Brazil wajen girma
girbi orange da wuri na farko a samar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace..
Ana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen noma da fitar da lemu
China, Mexico, Egypt, Turkey, Pakistan, India, Spain, Italy,
Iran. A cikin kundin masana’antu, ana kuma girbe ‘ya’yan itatuwa a Girka da kudanci
Afrika
A yau, wurin da shuke-shuken orange ya dogara ne akan
bi da bi, a dace yanayi yanayi. Koyaya, a ƙarshen XNUMXth
karni, tare da fitowar salo na lemu a cikin manyan al’umma a Faransa,
domin kiyayewa da kuma namo na thermophilic lemu «don kyau»
An tsara wani tsari, wanda ya samo sunansa daga Faransanci
kalmar ‘orange’, wadda ita ce Faransanci don ‘orange’, wani greenhouse ne.
Gidajen kore sun sami shahara kuma sun fara yin ado da gidaje masu arziki.
kawai a kudancin Turai, amma kuma a cikin mafi yawan kasashen arewa.
A cikin Tarayyar Soviet, lemu ya fara bayyana in mun gwada da ko’ina.
a kan shelves a lokacin mulkin Nikita Khrushchev. Bugu da kari, an fitar da shi zuwa kasashen waje
sannan akasari daya, Jaffa na Isra’ila, wanda ake kira
da tsohon sunan tashar tashar jiragen ruwa, daga abin da Tel Aviv daga baya “girma”.
Shahararrun iri-iri sun sami tushe a wasu ƙasashe, amma an kai su zuwa USSR.
na musamman daga Isra’ila, godiya ga sa hannu a karkashin N. Khrushchev «orange
ma’amaloli”. Asalinsa shine wanda yake cikin yankin
Dukiyar Isra’ila da ta kasance mallakar daular Rasha kuma ta wuce zuwa
daga baya USSR, karkashin Khrushchev, yanke shawarar sayar. Adadin ciniki
sun kai kusan dala miliyan 4, wani muhimmin kaso daga cikinsu
Tarayyar Soviet ta karbi shi a cikin nau’i na ramukan orange.
A zamanin yau, wasu nau’ikan, kodayake suna riƙe da ɗanɗanonsu, sun ɓace
muhimmancin tattalin arziki ga tattalin arzikin ƙasashe masu samarwa. Haka ya faru
da kuma nau’in Jaffa da aka daina fitar da su zuwa kasashen waje saboda tsadar sa.
Amma an maye gurbinsa da wasu nau’ikan lemu masu yawa, gabaɗaya
adadin wanda a wurare daban-daban ya bambanta daga dozin da yawa
har zuwa ɗari da yawa.
Peculiarities na girma
Dangane da iri-iri, itatuwan orange na iya kaiwa daban-daban
tsawo: daga cikin gida mita “dutse” zuwa 12 mita shuke-shuke.
Wasu bishiyoyi suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 150, suna kawowa
game da 35-38 dubu ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Tsakanin shekarun bishiyar orange
– kimanin shekaru 75.
Kambi na wannan citrus na iya zama pyramidal ko zagaye.
siffofi. Ganyen oval na shuka mai kaifi kuma wani lokacin maƙarƙashiya.
yana dauke da mai a cikin gland na musamman kusa da saman.
Rayuwar sabis na irin wannan takardar shine, a matsakaici, shekaru 2. A cikin harbe-harbe
Tsire-tsire iri-iri daban-daban suna da kashin 8-10 cm.
Furanni har zuwa 5 cm a diamita na iya zama ruwan hoda da fari kuma
suna girma duka a cikin inflorescences na guda 6 kuma a cikin furanni ɗaya. Game da
watanni ne a cikin toho mataki, sa’an nan, da suka yi fure, su shude
a cikin kwanaki 2-3. Yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni biyu don dukan bishiyar ta yi fure.
A wannan lokacin, masu kiwon zuma da ke kewaye suna ƙoƙari su fitar da yanayi mai tsabta da gaskiya.
Orange zuma tare da yanayin haske mai siffa.
A gida, ana iya girma orange daga iri a cikin tukunya.
tare da wani yanki na peat da wani yanki na ƙasa fure. Irin wadannan bishiyoyi
halin da m girma, kyau da kuma m kambi, unpretentious
da juriya da cututtuka. Amma shukar ta fara ba da ‘ya’ya da kanta.
yana da shekaru 8 zuwa 10, tare da dukkanin dabi’un halittar “mahaifin” a cikin ‘ya’yan itatuwa.
kada ku gaji. Don adana kwayoyin halitta, ya fi dacewa don samarwa
cuttings ko saya shirye-sanya seedling.
Tsiron yana son haske mai haske mai yaduwa da yanayin iska mai tsari.
17-28 C. A lokaci guda, fure yana faruwa tsakanin 15-17 C. A ƙarƙashin yanayin dasa.
Ana fara girbi a tsakiyar kaka kuma yana ƙarewa kawai
bazara.
Rabawa
Daga cikin nau’ikan lemu masu yawa, wasu sun fice musamman.
juiciness, wasu – zaƙi ko haushi, har yanzu wasu – sabon abu na waje
kallo. Don haka, alal misali, ga orange-neman daji, wanda bishiyoyi
girma a cikin titunan dukan Bahar Rum, sosai halayyar
dandano mai ɗaci. Don haka, ana samun ‘ya’yan itacenta kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi.
a kan tituna, masu yawon bude ido daga kasashen Nordic, amma barin
Mutanen gari ba ruwan su. Wani lokaci ana amfani da su don dafa abinci.
jam ko amfani dashi azaman kayan ado. Daga cikin manya-manyan noma
orange man, duk da haka, wanda zai iya bambanta “na musamman” iri
tare da nasa halaye na musamman.
An yi la’akari da mafi mashahuri rukuni na varietal a duniya Aka kawo.
Kalmar Ingilishi “ombligo“Yana fassara kamar”ombligo«
yana nuna fasalin halayen wakilan waɗannan nau’ikan:
Mastoid yayi girma a kan ‘kambi’, wanda aka rage
‘ya’yan itace na biyu. Girman cibiya, zai fi zaƙi.
Bishiyoyin cibiya iri-iri ba su da ƙaya, wanda ke sauƙaƙa tattara su. ‘Ya’yan itatuwa da kansu
suna halin halayen mabukaci da ake buƙata sosai: zaki
tare da ɗan ƙaramin acidity, ƙamshin citrus mai ƙarfi, juiciness da
in mun gwada da sauki kwasfa. Wasu wakilan kungiyar
– misali, farkon iri-iri Navelina – yana da bakin ciki fata.
Kuma daya daga cikin wakilan kungiyar – Cara Cara Cibiya Cibiya,
yana da ɓangaren litattafan almara mai launin ruby.
Rukuni iri-iri Orange mai jini ya haɗu da kasancewar a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara
pigments da ke sanya shi jini ja. Alamun ya bayyana
a lokacin maye gurbi na halitta kuma an fara samo shi a Sicily, don
cewa ‘ya’yan wannan rukuni sun sami madadin suna “siciliano
oranges«. Launi ya dogara ba kawai a kan iri-iri ba, har ma a kan yanayin.
al’ada. Ruwan ruwan lemu mai jini tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci. Kwasfa
yana bazuwa sosai. Dangane da takamaiman iri-iri
yana iya zama launin ruwan kasa, ja, ko orange a launi. Mafi rinjaye
shahararrun nau’ikan rukunin: Moro tare da dandano
berries da raspberries na gandun daji,
Sanguinello, Tarot Da wasu
Amma ga lemu na yau da kullun, a tsakanin sauran kungiyoyi, waɗannan
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sun yi fice don kyawawan halayen masana’antu:
suna ba da albarkatu masu yawa, suna jure wa hanya da kyau kuma ana adana su na dogon lokaci.
Mafi shahararrun nau’ikan lemu na yau da kullun sune Verna, Hamlin,
Salustian.
Baya ga kungiyoyin da aka bayyana, akwai nau’ikan nau’ikan orange da yawa.
daga abin da za a iya raba rabe-rabe: citrange, clementine,
tangor, agli-fruit, da dai sauransu. Matakan Thomasville da alama mafi ban mamaki,
wanda, ban da lemu, an yi shi da kumquat
da ponzirus. A cikin siffa, yana kama da pear na jiki.
Zabi da ajiya
Lemu yawanci kan isa ga mabukaci cikin yanayi mai kyau.
saboda masu noman citrus da masu samar da kayayyaki suna da sha’awar kuɗi
don tabbatar da an gabatar da samfuran ku ta hanya mafi inganci mai tsada
a kan counter. Don haka, ana cire lemu don sufuri kaɗan kaɗan.
wanke kuma an lullube shi da kakin zuma mai dauke da fungicides masu hana
fungal aiki. Matsakaicin magungunan kashe qwari a cikin kakin zuma yana da ƙasa sosai kuma
lafiya ga mutane ko da idan sun hadu da juna na bazata
da abinci. Bayan sarrafa, kowane ‘ya’yan itace, idan yana da tsada, ana nade shi.
a kan takarda da ba a haɗa ba kuma an cushe cikin kwalaye na ɗari da yawa
guda.
Zaɓin lemu don siyarwa ya haɗa da ƙin ƙananan, lalacewa
da ‘ya’yan itace masu tsiri. Duk da haka, kafin siyan, yana da kyau a yi
dubawa na gani na mutuncin harsashi da kanka. Abun shine,
cewa akwai kwari da yawa a cikin citrus groves, wanda, amfani
microdamages ga ‘ya’yan itace kwasfa, sun sa qwai a cikin ‘ya’yan itace bawo.
A wannan yanayin, ƙananan microholes masu duhu suna bayyane a saman.
A kusa da su. Tarin waɗannan ‘ya’yan itace yawanci shine kula da masu tarawa.
girbi, amma baya sanyawa da ƙarin iko.
Sau da yawa, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna shafar kwari a cikin irin wannan shuka.
inda ake amfani da maganin sinadarai zuwa mafi ƙanƙanta. A matsayinka na mai mulki, irin wannan
Hanyar noma ita ce irin ta “noman kwayoyin halitta” da kuma noma
Organic kayayyakin. Waɗannan ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun fi waɗanda aka girma da su tsada
kariya daga magungunan kashe qwari, amma garantin nitrate. Game da shi
Irin wannan shuka kuma na iya fesa abun da ke tattare da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin gida,
yana lalata kwari mafi haɗari ga lemu, amma maras lahani
ga mutum daya. Sau da yawa, don magance kwari masu cutarwa, suna amfani da su
kwari masu amfani da yanayin yanayi (misali, beetles masu cin aphids).
Duk da binciken da ake yi, ba a iya gano bambancin ba
bisa ga abun da ke ciki da sigogi masu amfani tsakanin isa ga mabukaci
kayayyakin da aka noma tare da noma da samfuran halitta,
wanda girbi ya samu bayan jiyya tare da daidaitattun allurai
kwayoyi daban-daban. Duk da haka, buƙatu a nan ba kawai ke ba da izini ba,
amma kuma yana taimakawa wasu kasashe don tallafawa masana’antar ba tare da yin asara ba
gasar tare da masu samar da lemu masu rahusa a kasuwa.
Rayuwar shiryayye na ‘ya’yan itatuwa Citrus ya dogara ne akan
matakin balaga a lokacin sayan, dangane da zafin jiki da zafi.
Ana iya adana ruwan lemu masu cikakke ba tare da yanayi na musamman ba.
Kusan mako guda. Don ƙara lokacin ajiya har zuwa makonni 1,5-2, ya fi kyau
sanya ‘ya’yan itace a cikin sashin ‘ya’yan itace na firiji.
Idan muka yi magana game da dogon lokacin ajiya, to, zaku iya lilo
a cikin alaƙar yanayin zafi-danshi:
- Don koren lemu, ana iya ƙara lokacin zuwa watanni 5,
ƙirƙirar yanayi a gare su tare da zazzabi na 5 ° C da zafi na tsari na 80-85%. - Ana adana ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu launin rawaya har zuwa watanni 3 a zazzabi
a 3-4 ° C a yanayin zafi na 85-90%. - Ana iya adana ‘ya’yan itacen da suka cika har zuwa watanni 2 idan an rage yawan zafin jiki.
har zuwa 2 ° C kuma ƙara zafi zuwa 90%. - Zai fi kyau a shirya ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba a cikin jakar filastik ba, amma a kan adibas.
(kowace ‘ya’yan itace daban).
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- Cerrillo I., Escudero-López B., Hornero-Méndez D., Martín F., Fernández-Pachón MS Tasirin barasa fermentation a kan carotenoid abun da ke ciki da kuma provitamin A abun ciki na orange ruwan ‘ya’yan itace – J. Agric. Chem. Abinci. 2014, Jan 29, 62 (4), 842-849.
- Tattalin Arzikin Abinci na Ƙasa, Tushen
Materials sake bugawa
An haramta amfani da kowane abu ba tare da izinin rubutaccen izininmu ba.
Dokokin tsaro
Gwamnati ba ta da alhakin duk wani yunƙuri na amfani da kowane takardar sayan magani, shawara ko abinci, kuma baya bada garantin cewa bayanin da aka kayyade zai taimaka ko cutar da kai da kanka. Yi hankali kuma koyaushe tuntuɓi likitan da ya dace!
