Mafi na kowa dalilin mutuwar matasa tsire-tsire ne cutarwa kwari da cewa dauke da cuta. Kwari seedling kwari halaka shuka da sauri, don haka kana bukatar ka magance su a dace hanya.
Pepper seedling kwari da kuma hanyoyin da mu’amala da su
Daga ina kwari suke fitowa?
Sau da yawa, ana bullo da kwari da cututtuka ta hanyar ƙasa mara kyau da iri waɗanda ba a sarrafa su ba.
Nau’in kwari da hanyoyin sarrafa su
Akwai adadi mai yawa na kwari waɗanda ke ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, rhizomes da ovaries na barkono. Yi la’akari da mafi yawan kwari na barkono seedlings.
Aphids
Aphids kwari ne waɗanda idan aka tattara su a cikin yankuna, suna zaune kusan duk tsire-tsire na cikin gida da tsire-tsire, ƙananan girman kore ne ko launin toka mai duhu. Jikinsa yana da kariya da harsashi na chitinous.
Bakin kwarin an tsara shi ne don huda ganyaye masu taushi, amma ƙaƙƙarfan huskar ta fi ƙarfinsa, don haka mazauna yankin sun gwammace su zauna a saman barkono.
Aphids suna tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, kuma yana bushewa, ya watsar da ganye, yana daina girma.
A cikin alamun farko na sutura mai ɗaci a ƙarƙashin ganyen, dole ne a ɗauki matakan gaggawa don sarrafa kwari na barkono barkono. Hakanan alamar kasancewar kwari shine karkatar da ganyen saman.
A cikin yaƙi da aphids, ana fesa tsire-tsire tare da jiko na wormwood, albasa da kwasfa na tafarnuwa. Wadannan maganin wari suna korar kwari na dogon lokaci. Hakanan zaka iya wanke kwari tare da ruwan ruwa na al’ada, amma wannan hanya ta fi dacewa da tsire-tsire masu girma.
Tsutsa na Waya
Wani kwaro na wireworm shine wireworm. Sanadin saukowa babu ƙarancin lalacewa. Kwarin yana cutar da tushen shuka da kuma ɓangaren ƙasa na tushe. A hankali kashe tsire-tsire. An taru ko yana iya mutuwa kwata-kwata.
Hadarin yana wakilta da tsutsa irin ƙwaro. Su ƙanana ne a girmansu, tare da tsayayyen jiki. Wadannan halittu suna rayuwa a zurfin 10-15 cm a karkashin kasa kuma an rubuta su a cikin akwatin seedling tare da kawai substrate. Don kauce wa bayyanar kwaro, ana yin lissafin ƙasa kafin dasa shuki.
Ana shayar da ƙasa tare da bayani mai ƙarfi na potassium permanganate, amma yana da kyau a siyan ƙasa don girma barkono barkono. Babu kwari a cikin wannan ƙasa, abun da ke ciki ya daidaita gaba ɗaya.
Spider mite
Lalacewa ga tsire-tsire ta hanyar mite gizo-gizo ana iya gani nan da nan. Farashi ko kusan m cobwebs bayyana a kan shuka. Suna nannade ƙasa a cikin akwatin seedling kuma a ƙarshe sun yada zuwa dukan shuka.
Mites sune masu ɗauke da cututtuka da yawa. Suna ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace don haka suna raunana shi, kuma suna cutar da barkono da cututtukan hoto.
Manual cire cobwebs bai isa ba, dole ne ka magance dalilin bayyanar su. Jiko na iya yin wannan da kyau, don ƙirƙirar abin da zaku buƙaci:
- taba (zaka iya amfani da wanda yake cikin sigari),
- madara,
- itacen toka.
Ana haxa dukkan abubuwan sinadaran kuma suna nace na kwanaki da yawa a wuri mai sanyi, ana girgiza akwati lokaci-lokaci. Bayan fesa ruwan a kan tsire-tsire da ƙasan da ke kewaye da su. Idan an girma seedlings a cikin ɗaki, yana da daraja sarrafa tukwane tare da tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Farin tashi
Kawar da kwari da wuri-wuri
Wannan ƙananan kwari masu fuka-fuki yana haifar da babbar illa ga tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin greenhouses. Yana da wuya a gan su da ido tsirara, don dubawa, ciyawar tana buƙatar girgiza kaɗan sannan za a iya gani.
Ana iya gano kasancewar fararen kwari a cikin greenhouse ta kasancewar alamun rawaya a saman ganye. Suna kama da kunar rana, amma ko da bayan shading suna ci gaba da karuwa. Har ila yau akwai abin rufe fuska a kasan farantin.
Wannan kwaro na barkono yana tsoron jiko na wormwood, tafarnuwa da yarrow. Bugu da ƙari, kallon gaba yana mayar da martani da ƙarfi ga canjin zafin jiki na kwatsam. A rana mai zafi, ana bada shawara don zuba barkono mai dadi tare da ruwan sanyi – kwari sau da yawa ba su damu ba kuma sun fada ƙasa. A wannan mataki, ana yayyafa kwari da ƙasa.
Idan akwai fararen kwari da yawa a cikin greenhouse, fada da su tare da magungunan gida ba shi da amfani. Wajibi ne a yi amfani da magungunan kashe qwari: Fitoverm, Vertimek, Pegasus, Talstar, Actara, Intavir.
Tsawon lokaci
Idan aibobi na azurfa sun bayyana a kan seedlings na barkono mai dadi, wanda ke karuwa a kullum, dalilin wannan shine karamin malam buɗe ido. Wannan kwari yana da sunan sabon abu – thrips.
Suna faɗuwa a ƙasa lokacin da aka haɗe su da sharar kwayoyin halitta, da kuma mullein sabo. Ƙwararrun suna haɓaka da sauri kuma dukan mazaunan suna ciyar da ruwan barkono. Wannan yana rage tsire-tsire, yana kawo su dakatar da girma da mutuwa.
Tun da butterflies ba zai iya huda saman manya ganye, suna ciyar da apical shoot da matasa ganye.
Ana ba da shawarar yin maganin thrips ta hanyar fesa shuka tare da maganin magani da tafarnuwa. Ana kuma amfani da foda da aka tokar da tokar itace.
Bear
Wannan kwaro na karkashin kasa yana lalata tushen barkono kuma ya kai ga mutuwarsa. Medvedka ya shiga cikin ƙasa taki, wanda ke takin gadaje. Ita ma tana son takin da take yin kwai. Kwaro na iya fitowa daga wani yanki.
Yana da sauƙi a gano kwaro a kan hanyoyi a cikin ƙasa. Ba shi da amfani a yi ƙoƙarin kama bear, saboda lokacin aikinsa yana cikin dare.
Don magance shi, suna yin baits guba. Don wannan, ana haxa gwaiduwa na kwai mai wuyar kaji da albasa soyayyen man kayan lambu. Ana ƙara guba a wurin (kowane magungunan ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado, amma a cikin ƙarfin hankali)
Ana samar da ƙananan ƙwallo daga cakuda kuma an sanya su a kusa da kewayen makircin, da kuma kusa da sassan. Kada ku ji tsoron dabbobi suna cin koto, domin gubar ba ta da haɗari ga dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Binciken
Yawancin kwari ba wai kawai suna lalata harsashin barkono da kanta ba kuma suna cinye ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, har ma suna cutar da shi da cututtuka daban-daban. Wannan yana gaggauta mutuwar sauka.
Yana da sauƙi don hana kwari fiye da magance su daga baya. Akwai ka’idodi da yawa da ya kamata ku bi:
- Calcinate ƙasa kafin sanya shi a cikin akwatin seedling. Ana yin wannan a cikin tankin ƙarfe tare da faɗin ƙasa. Kada ku zafi shi na dogon lokaci, saboda maganin zafi yana rage yawan ma’adinai a cikin ƙasa. Hakanan zaka iya kawai zuba tafasasshen ruwa a ƙasa.
- Bi da ƙasa tare da maganin manganese ko phytosporin. Dukansu hanyoyin suna daidai da tasiri. Yawancin larvae na kwari ba za su iya jurewa tasirin sa ba.
- A dena takin gadaje na greenhouse tare da sabobin saniya da takin doki, da kuma zubar da kaji. Yawancin kwari suna haifuwa a cikin irin wannan yanayi. Yana da kyau a gabatar da ruɓaɓɓen taki.
- Shuka tsire-tsire tare da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi a cikin greenhouse. Suna kawar da aphids, thrips da whiteflies. Don wannan dalili, ana bada shawara don shuka baƙar fata, dattijo, albasa, tafarnuwa da basil reza.
ƙarshe
Idan ba ku ɗauki matakan kariya ba kuma ba ku ɗauki matakan yaƙi da kwari ba, zaku iya rasa shukar ku.
A cikin greenhouse yana da matukar wahala don kare seedlings fiye da a cikin bude ƙasa, don haka sukan yi amfani da feshi tare da magungunan kashe qwari.
