Yi shi da kanku Babban gidan kudan zuma na Rasha –

Gabaɗaya, novice makiyayan kudan zuma fara da yawa swarms. Iyalan kwari suna girma da sauri, kamar yadda mai kiwon kudan zuma ke ci. Gidajen gida masu sauƙi da masu amfani sun dace don fadada gonar. Waɗannan sun haɗa da, alal misali, babban kudan zuma na Rasha. Yana da sauƙi don yin shi da kanka.

Bayanin gini

Babban Hive na Rasha wani al’ada ce ta kiwon zuma. Yayi kama da ramin bishiya. Ƙudan zuma suna son ƙira saboda yana kama da gida na halitta. Hakanan yana da dacewa ga mai kiwon zuma don cire zuma daga gida.

Tukwici!

Ƙudan zuma a cikin babban hive na Rasha na iya yin ba tare da mutum na dogon lokaci ba. Kodayake, ba shakka, kulawa akai-akai yana da kyawawa.

Ana yin babban hive na Rasha sau da yawa daga conifers. Gidajen da aka ba da oda a cikin shaguna wani lokaci ana kai su ba tare da fenti ba. A wasu lokuta, ana yin shawarwarin launi daban.

Yawancin masu kiwon zuma suna yin amya daga Babbar Rasha. Zane yana da sauƙi kuma abin dogara. Siffofin gidan sun haɗa da:

1. Ya ƙunshi gine-gine da yawa.
2. Ƙarfafa firam ɗin gida. Akwai ridges na musamman a gefen slats.
3. Akwai sarari tsakanin rumbun waje da na ciki. Kuna iya amfani da shi don bushe firam 2-4.

Vladimir Evgenievich Baran ne ya ƙirƙira babban gidan kudan zuma na Rasha. Kafin wannan, ya yi nazarin kwarewar wani. Sabuwar ƙirar ta ƙunshi abubuwa na wani nau’in:

1. Wuta. Siffar yanayin gidan da babban ƙarar ana aro daga nan. Wannan shine jigon zane.
2. Sunan mahaifi Vitvitsky. Babban Rasha yayi kama da bayyanarsa (dome, “hasumiya mai kararrawa”), mai kyau matsi.
3. Ulya Prokopovich. Daga nan Baran ya ɗauki na’urar gida, wasu girma. Misalin karfe da katako masu rarrabawa.
4. Dadan hive. Tsarin harsashi na sama.

Yadda ake yin hannuwanku

Don gina babban kudan zuma na Rasha, tabbas za ku buƙaci zane. Daga nan sai su shirya duk kayan aiki da kayan aikin da ake bukata sannan su tafi aiki.

Kayan aiki da kayan aikin masana’antu

Da farko, suna samo kuma suna siyan kayan da suka dace:

1. Coniferous itace. Allolin sun bushe, kauri daga 2,5 zuwa 3,5 cm.
2. Galvanized karfe. Zai zama dole don haɓaka rufin.
3. Firam ɗin gida. Kuna iya ɗaukar waɗanda aka shirya. Girman – 30 × 60 cm.
4. Bakin karfe raga.
5. Polyurethane.
6. Polystyrene.
7. Kumfa polystyrene.

Kayan aiki, ma’ana – misali ga mai sana’ar gida:

• guduma;
• Saliyo;
• hakowa tare da drills;
• matattara
• mai mulki, ma’aunin tef;
• gon;
• manne akan itace;
• waya
• screws masu ɗaukar kai;
• kirfa
• naushi, da sauransu.

Zane da girma

Bugu da ƙari, an yi cikakken zane. Dalla-dalla dalla-dalla, zai zama sauƙin yin aiki daga baya.

Tukwici!

Ba lallai ba ne a bi zane bisa ga dukkan ka’idoji. Babban abu shine ka bayyana kanka. Wani lokaci suna alamar abin da aka yi da shi.

Babban hive na Rasha yana da tsari da tsari na musamman. Wannan shine abin da suke farawa daga lokacin yin zane:

1. Jikin ciki (gida). Kauri – 2,5 cm An tsara shi don firam 8.
2. Akwati na waje. Kaurin bango – 3,5 cm Kwanta a ciki.
3. Gine-ginen Dadan biyu ko fiye (mai dadi). An tsara kowanne ɗaya don firam 12. Shigar a saman.
4. Kasa. Yana wakiltar firam ɗin katako tare da ragar bakin karfe a tsakiya. Bayan fesa, kudan zuma yana girgiza kaska daga kanta da sauran su. Bugu da ƙari, raga yana taimakawa samun iska. An rufe su da garkuwa mai ci gaba kawai a cikin yanayin sanyi: daga ƙarshen fall zuwa bazara.
5. Silin. Daidaitaccen ma’auni. Galvanized. Ba kamar sauran amya ba, babu filaye. An rufe komai.

Kayan aikin hive a cikin gida.

Yana da mahimmanci don samar da kayan aiki da kyau a cikin babban hive na Rasha. Rayuwar ƙudan zuma ta al’ada da nasarar duk kasuwancin sun dogara da wannan. A cikin babban hive na Rasha suna sanyawa:

1. Tantuna don firam 12.
2. Rufin rufi.
3. Firam ɗin shagon 43,5 × 14,5 cm. Wani lokaci suna amfani da wasu (na asali) tsari, misali, 435 × 300.
4. Silin.
5. Firam ɗin gida. Girman kowane ɗayan shine 30 × 60 cm.
6. Garkuwar waje. Wannan tebur na musamman ne. Aiwatar a lokacin wintering lokaci na kudan zuma mazauna.
7. A matsayinka na mai mulki, babban hive na Rasha yana ƙara ƙarin sararin samaniya na Prokopovich. Ya bukaci karya gida. Yana wakiltar tebur tare da hutu. Ana amfani da shi don rufe sashin gida na hive. Cikin mahaifa baya wucewa ta yanke, kodayake girman ya ba shi damar. Ma’anar ita ce kan jimlar kauri na firam ɗin gida da kuma sararin samaniya na Prokopovich – kusan 4 cm. Irin wannan tsautsayi a hankali yana fitar da mahaifar waje. Hakanan, yanayin zafi akan gidan yana ɗan ƙasa kaɗan. Kudan zuma ma’aikaci yana rarrafe ta cikin mai rarraba zuwa firam ɗin zuma.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Mahimmanci!

Gidan, gida yana kwaikwayon rami. An tattara zane bisa ga dokokin halitta. Kudan zuma suna da dadi a nan.

Babban hive na Rasha yana da wasu fa’idodi:

1. Dace kuma barga yanayin zafi na cikin gida. Taimako, ciki har da Prokopovich SEPARATOR. Hanyoyin kariya na iska sun bayyana.
2. Ƙananan zafi a cikin ɗakunan.
3. Iska na kewaya tsakanin ƙananan mashigai da ramukan famfo a cikin manyan gine-gine. Ana fitar da combs ba tare da lalata gidajen ba. Sarauniya da maraƙi ba su da sanyi sosai. Ba kowane nau’in amya ba ne ke da wannan fa’idar.
4. Kwari ba su da mahimmanci. Da kyar mai kiwon kudan zuma ya kalli kasan gidan babban kudan zuma na kasar Rasha.
5. Ya dace don ɗaukar zuma, musamman daga firam ɗin 43,5 × 14,5 cm. Yana yiwuwa ko da a cikin hunturu, kamar yadda Pyotr Prokopovich wani lokaci ya yi.
6. Nasarar ƙirar firam ɗin gida. Masu bincike sun gano cewa ƙudan zuma suna yin tsefe 6 zuwa 8 don haifuwa. Akwai murabba’ai 8 kawai a cikin gidan babban hive na Rasha.
7. Saurin canzawa zuwa aiki mai aiki. A wasu sauran amya, masu kiwon zuma suna jin tsoron hypothermia daga sashin gida. Saboda haka, a cikin bazara, ba sa amfani da duk shawarwarin zuma. A cikin Greater Rasha hive, Prokopovich SEPARATOR yana kare gida daga hypothermia. Wani nau’i ne na diaphragm, abin girgiza. Saboda haka, duk manyan kabad za a iya hawa a lokaci guda. Ana yin wannan yawanci a farkon watan Mayu. Ya dogara da yanayin. Babban abin al’ajabi shine bayyanar jirage marasa matuka na farko.
8. Babban hive na Rasha yana da “margin aminci” kuma yana iya yin ba tare da mutum na dogon lokaci ba.
9. Kudan zuma ba sa taruwa a cikin gida, don haka suna taruwa kaɗan. Yawancinsu suna tashi daga ƙasa, amma da sauri suna tashi zuwa saƙar zuma ta hanyar yanke, sarari tsakanin gine-gine. Idan sama yayi sanyi, za su iya shiga cikin gida na ɗan lokaci don dumama.
10. Sauƙaƙan wargajewa, jigilar kaya, gyarawa.

Babban hive na Rasha kuma yana da rashin amfani:

1. Mummunan kariya daga iska, zayyana.
2. Doguwa, “Labarin da yawa,” wanda ba koyaushe ya dace ba.

Dokokin kiwon zuma

Mahimmanci!

Don samun nasara, kuna buƙatar saka idanu akai-akai a cikin amya. A cikin hunturu, ƙudan zuma sun fi sauƙi. Ba za su iya kula da zafin jiki ba, suna cin abinci da yawa, suna cin abinci mafi muni lokacin raplod.

A cikin yanayin sanyi, a cikin hunturu, aikin masu kiwon zuma shine kamar haka:

1. Duba samun iska da zafi a cikin amya. Idan ya cancanta, ƙara yawan musayar iska a cikin gidan hunturu ko a cikin gidajen kudan zuma a kan titi. Taro yana tsoron zafi da yanayin zafi fiye da sanyi. A cikin amya don samun iska, yana yiwuwa kada a ware sarari tsakanin gida da ganuwar harsashi na waje. Matashin iska yana sa ku dumi. An kawar da manyan jikuna.
2. Ana duba kudan zuma masu sanyi sau ɗaya a wata. Ƙarar ƙara tana nuna matsala. Idan ƙudan zuma sun damu, to suna da cunkoso ko rashin abinci.
3. Ƙara sutura. Ga kowane babban hive na Rasha, kuna buƙatar ɗari biyu tare da burodin kudan zuma. Yana da kyakkyawan abinci mai gina jiki.
4. Farawa a ƙarshen Fabrairu da Maris, suna ba da decoction na yarrow, needles, wormwood. Wannan abincin magani ne kuma na rigakafi. Kwararru a wasu lokuta suna tsara wasu hanyoyi da hanyoyin. Masu kiwon zuma suna yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta, suna lalata kayan aiki.

Ana lura da yanayin kudan zuma a cikin sauran shekara. Ana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman lokacin da zuriya ta bayyana kuma yawan zafin jiki a cikin amya ya tashi zuwa + 34 ° C. A wannan lokacin, dangin kudan zuma suna da hakkin samun “amfani”: cake na sukari tare da pollen. An sanya shi a cikin firam a ƙarƙashin zane.

Yi cake kamar haka:

1. Ɗauki kilogiram 1 na cikakke zuma.
2. Zazzabi har zuwa +40 ° C.
3. Saka 4 kilogiram na sukari a wurin.
4. Knead da kullu.
5. Zuba ruwan dumi. Don kilogiram 10 na zuma da foda, ana buƙatar lita 1.

Tukwici Na Kiwon zuma

Lokacin aiki tare da amya daga Greater Rasha, shawarar kwararrun masu kiwon zuma za su taimaka:

1. Kafin fadada yankin kudan zuma, ana buƙatar shiri. Duba kaya, ƙara firam, da sauransu.
2. A lokacin hunturu, swarms suna ƙara runguma. Masu rauni suna haɗuwa da masu ƙarfi ko tare da juna. A cikin amya na Greater Rasha, wannan matsala tana faruwa sau da yawa.
3. Kar ka manta da cin furotin a cikin hunturu. Idan kudan zuma ba su da isasshen abinci, zuriyar ba ta da ƙarfi.
4. Ana la’akari da cewa iyalai masu ƙananan mahaifa suna jure wa sanyi cikin sauƙi.
5. Mai kula da kudan zuma mai kyau yana kafa “ba da amsa” tare da ƙudan zuma, yana fahimtar su. Alal misali, bayan da aka buga bangon, “mawaƙin” ya yi sauti ba tare da jin dadi ba. Wannan yana nufin ƙudan zuma suna ci kaɗan. Kuna buƙatar ƙara ciyarwa. Idan kuma kudan zuma sun yi kasala, sai su yi ta surutu kadan, watakila wani abu ya faru da sarauniya.
6. Muna buƙatar NZ – firam tare da gurasar kudan zuma, zuma. An rufe kantin sayar da kawai.

Mai kiwon zuma nagari yakan yi kama da yaransa. Yana aiki akai-akai kuma koyaushe yana samun zuma.