Mutane kadan ne ke shan wake a matsayin magani. Ga mafi rinjaye
Legume ne mai daɗi kawai, tushen abinci mai narkewa sosai
jiki na gina jiki. Amma binciken kimiyya ya nuna cewa wake
Abinci na iya yin tasiri sosai wajen yaƙar ciwon sukari da cututtukan zuciya.
cututtuka. Hakanan zai iya zama kayan aikin rigakafin ciwon daji mai kyau.
Koyaya, kamar yawancin kwayoyi, idan an keta ka’idodin amfani,
wake zai iya cutar da shi, yana haifar da gajere da na dogon lokaci
guba.
Amfani Properties na wake
Haɗin kai da adadin kuzari.
Danyen wake ya ƙunshi (a cikin 100 g): .
kalori 343 kcal
Vitamin C 4,6 Potasio, Vitamin K 1316
B3 2,083 phosphorus,
Vitamin P304
B1 0,535 Magnesium, Mg 188 Vitamin
B6 0,401 Calcium, Vitamin Ca 186
B2 0,221 Sodio,
Na 18
Busasshen wake (watau cikakke cikakke kuma busasshen iri
Phaseolus vulgaris) shine tushen tushen furotin, sitaci,
wasu unsaturated m acid, abinci
fiber, bitamin da ma’adanai. A kan gidan yanar gizon Harvard Medical
makaranta a kan tebur na glycemic fihirisa don wake nuna darajar
24 ku ., Wanne damar
rarraba wake a matsayin ƙananan abincin glycemic.
Abubuwan sinadirai masu gina jiki na wake sun dogara ne akan adadin da ya ƙunshi.
sunadaran da, zuwa ƙananan, daga abun ciki na carbohydrates, bitamin
da ma’adanai. Dangane da iri-iri, furotin a cikin wake zai iya zama
15% zuwa 35%. A matsakaita, ɗari ɗari na busasshen tsaba na wake suna samarwa
mutane 20-25 grams na gina jiki, wato, ba da kusan 20% na shawarar
yawan amfanin yau da kullun. Don adadin furotin, wake yana da yawa
kwatankwacin nama.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, furotin narkewa na busasshen wake ya kusan
80%. . furotin na asali
Kashi na wake shine globulin (50-70%) da albumin (10%). Daga cikin
amino acid,
ba a cikin busassun wake, lysine ya fi girma (6,5-7,5 g / 100
g na furotin) da tyrosine tare da phenylalanine (5,0-8,0 g / 100 g na furotin).
.
Sitaci yana wakiltar kusan kashi 50% na nauyin iri. A cikin babba
Adadin oligosaccharides da fiber na abinci da ake samu a cikin wake.
(14-19 g / 100 g na grano crudo). .
Fiye da 50% na fibers ba su narkewa kuma sun ƙunshi pectin, pentosans,
hemicellulose, cellulose da lignin. Bangaren lipid na wake shine
game da 1,5-6,5g da 100g na danyen wake kuma yafi
biri
da kuma polyunsaturated
mai kitse .
Kamar sauran kayan lambu da ake ci, wake yana da wadata a ciki
amino acid, ciki har da lysine,
bace daga mafi yawan hatsi. Hakanan, a cikin wake
tsaba suna da mafi girman abun ciki na bitamin da ma’adanai idan aka kwatanta
tare da sauran legumes. .
A cikin ‘ya’yan itatuwa na shuka, a gaba ɗaya, yawancin bioactives
mahadi: galactooligosaccharides, protease inhibitors, lectins,
phytates, oxalates da abubuwa masu wadatar phenolic waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa
metabolism a cikin mutane da dabbobi. Mass na mahadi phenolic
ya ƙunshi kusan 10-11% na jimlar yawan iri. . Bugu da kari, a cewar
tsarin sinadaran su, sun bambanta sosai
rukuni. Bugu da ƙari kuma, sun ayan bambanta dangane da
ta launin harsashi na tsaba da nau’in wake.
Misali, tunda launin gashin iri ya dogara da kasancewar polyphenols.
duhu wake (ja, baki) yakan sami mafi girma
abun ciki na anthocyanin.
. Amma rawaya mai haske
da ruwan hoda spots akan gashin iri suna nuna kasancewar tannins.
. Bincike ya nuna,
cewa dafa wake na yau da kullun a yanayin zafi ba ya canzawa
abun ciki na phenolic acid. .
Wasu daga cikin mahadi da aka jera a sama suna da antioxidants
da prebiotic aiki da kare DNA lalacewa daga daban-daban
nau’in ciwon daji. Duk da haka, waɗannan mahadi guda ɗaya na iya rage narkewa.
furotin, yana rage sha na gina jiki da bioavailability
ma’adanai, haifar da flatulence.
Don haka, a wasu lokuta, wake na iya yin magani, wasu kuma
– lalacewa.
Kayan magani
Yawancin kayan magani na wake suna hade da kasancewar a cikin tsaba.
wannan al’adar polyphenols waɗanda ke da kaddarorin antioxidant
da ayyuka daban-daban na nazarin halittu, gami da maganin ciwon sukari,
anti-mai kumburi, antimicrobial, antitumor, hepatoprotective,
Cardioprotector, nefroprotector, neuroprotector da osteoprotector.
Yin amfani da wake na yau da kullun wanda ya ƙunshi gama gari da mai narkewa.
fiber, da kuma sitaci resistant, yana rage sukarin jini
index a cikin mutane. Nazarin ya nuna cewa abincin wake
rage matakin “mummunan” cholesterol, ƙara “mai kyau” kuma tabbatacce
ya rinjayi abubuwan haɗari don ciwo na rayuwa, don haka ragewa
yiwuwar cututtukan zuciya, ciwon sukari, kiba.
Nazarin halayen cin abinci na Jafananci, Swedes, Helenawa da Australiya
manya (shekaru 70), ya nuna cewa wake daya ne
daga cikin ƴan samfuran, waɗanda amfaninsu ke da alaƙa da su
rage haɗarin mace-mace. . Ƙarfafawa
Tasirin lafiya kai tsaye daidai da karuwar adadin da aka ci.
Wake Fiye da gaske, an sami raguwar haɗarin mace-mace da kashi 8%.
tare da karuwa a cikin abincin yau da kullun na wake ga kowane gram 20
(tare da kabilanci).
Amfanin busasshen wake shine babban alhakinsa
da yawa physiological da kiwon lafiya-sakamako, ciki har da
wanda ya hada da rigakafin cututtukan zuciya, kiba,
ciwon sukari da ciwon daji.
Ayyukan antidiabetic
Nazarin asibiti ya nuna cewa cinye uku ko fiye
Bayar da wake a kowane mako yana rage haɗarin ciwon sukari
kusan 35% idan aka kwatanta da ƙarancin wake ko wake
rashi .
Nazarin cututtukan cututtuka a kasar Sin sun nuna
gaskiyar cewa hadawa na yau da kullun na wake a cikin abinci yana daidai da
yana rage yiwuwar kamuwa da ciwon sukari nau’in 2 a cikin mata. .
A cikin wani aikin, mawallafa sun dogara ne akan nazarin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari
lura cewa yau da kullum amfani da baki wake har uku
yana rage matakan glucose na watanni
a cikin jini da kuma glycosylated haemoglobin. Ana zaton cewa
Inganta yanayin yanayin marasa lafiya ya kasance saboda kasancewar baki
wake na abubuwan phenolic, tannins da anthocyanins. .
Gwajin dabbobi kuma sun nuna iyawa
phenolic mahadi daga wake zuwa ƙananan matakan glucose na jini, glycosylated
Haemoglobin da haɓaka matakan insulin. Misali, an nuna shi
fiye da dogon lokacin da baka gudanar da wani ruwa mai ruwa tsantsa daga cikin pods
wake zuwa berayen a kashi na 200 mg / kg ya haifar da raguwa a cikin abun ciki na
Glucose na jini da haemoglobin glycosylated a cikin mahallin cuta na yau da kullun
hipoinsulinemia. .
Ayyukan cardioprotective
Yin amfani da wake akai-akai yana da kyau ga masu lafiya.
kuma ga masu kiba. Sakamakon warkewa a cikin wannan yanayin yana faruwa
ta hanyar rage jimlar cholesterol da ƙananan matakan lipoprotein
yawan jini, da kuma saboda karuwar matakan lipoprotein
babban yawa. .
Bayanan cututtukan cututtuka da na asibiti sun nuna cewa karuwa a
adadin wake da ake sha (aƙalla sau 4 a mako) yana raguwa
haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Musamman,
An lura cewa hadarin ischemia
cututtukan zuciya, har zuwa 38% – haɗarin bugun zuciya
myocardium . kuma 11%
– hadarin cututtukan zuciya gaba ɗaya.
Adadin canji a cikin sigogin ilimin lissafi daban-daban a kowane
sabon binciken ya bambanta, amma ana lura da tasirin warkewa
ta duk kungiyoyin bincike. Misali, rage matakan lipoprotein
An yi rikodin ƙarancin ƙima tare da amfani da:
- kofuna waɗanda aka gasa wake na tsawon makonni 8, da 5%, .
- wake ga masu fama da hypercholesterolemia: 15%, .
- 275 g na wake mai launin shuɗi na tsawon makonni uku, har zuwa 24%, da dai sauransu.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin mutane masu lafiya, matakin “mummunan cholesterol” a cikin jini
Hakanan ya ragu sosai, wanda ya ba da raguwar yuwuwar
bayyanar cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da 20%. Wannan shi ya sa ya kasance
kawai hada a cikin menu gram 130 na dafaffen wake pinto
Sau hudu a mako. .
Ayyukan antimutagenic da anticancer
Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa cin abinci mai yawan wake
Yana da kyakkyawan rigakafin nau’ikan ciwon daji da yawa, gami da kansar launin fata.
hanji, nono da prostate. [22, 23, 24] Wannan kuma ya bayyana a sakamakon.
babban aikin bincike da aka gudanar a kasashe 41. Kashi
Ƙimar magana na iya bambanta, amma don tsabta, kuna iya
ba da alamomi masu zuwa: ku ci wake biyu ko fiye
sau ɗaya a mako yana rage haɗarin ciwon daji na hanji da kashi 47% ., ciwon daji
prostate a cikin 22% da ciwon nono a kashi 67%. .
Sakamakon gyare-gyaren abinci a cikin dabbobin dakin gwaje-gwaje ya ce
fiye da faruwar duk wani ciwace-ciwace a cikin berayen da aka yi wa baƙar wake,
ya ragu da kashi 54%, da kuma yawan ciwon daji na glandular ciki
– da 75%. . Don berayen da suka cinye shunayya akan tsari iri ɗaya
wake, dabi’u sun dan bambanta: 59% raguwa a cikin mita
ciwace-ciwace da raguwar 44% a cikin haɗarin adenocarcinoma (44%).
Wake yana da anticancer da antimutagenic Properties.
saboda phenolic mahadi da ke hulɗa da mutagens,
da kuma hana metabolism na babban mutagen.
Antioxidant aiki
Wake yana da babban aikin antioxidant saboda
phenolic acid, flavonoids, stilbenes da tannins.
Da farko, wannan aikin yana faruwa ne saboda sabuntawa
da ikon polyphenols, kamar yadda suke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen neutralizing
free radicals, kama su ko kuma kashe peroxide
lipid oxidation. Bugu da ƙari, polyphenols sun haɗa da chelation.
ions karfe, katse hanyoyin oxidative.
Gabaɗaya, aikin antioxidant yana ƙaruwa yayin narkewa.
da kuma shanye wake daga sashin gastrointestinal. An fi fitar da mahadi na phenolic
a cikin ciki saboda yanayin acidic. Haka kuma acidic da enzyme-tsatsaki
hydrolysis yana inganta mafi girma solubility na polyphenols
tare da sitaci da furotin. .
Ayyukan anti-mai kumburi
Ayyukan antioxidant da anti-mai kumburi na wake yana bayyana.
saboda phenolic mahadi (phenolic acid, flavonoids
da anthocyanins) da abubuwan da ba za a iya narkewa ba (masu ƙima
gajeriyar sarkar fatty acid).
A cikin gwaje-gwajen dabbobi akan berayen da ake ciyar da wake,
an sami raguwa mai yawa a cikin alamun colitis
da kumburin hanji. Alamun da ke nuna
don kumburi. Immunomodulatory illa na kari na abinci a cikin mice
a makonni biyu, 20% na wake baki ya nuna raguwa mai mahimmanci
lalacewa ga rufin hanji da kumburi.
Gwajin da aka sarrafa bazuwar a cikin mutane
Hakanan ya nuna tasirin warkewa riga tare da ci na kwana uku.
100 g na gari da miyan wake. Godiya ga irin wannan abincin, ya inganta
yanayin marasa lafiya na arthritis
– zafi da kumburi sun ragu sosai.
Tare da wannan duka, yana da wuri don ayyana wake a matsayin babban magani, tunda
Tare da tasirin warkarwa, ɓangaren wake ɗaya na iya
haifar da ƙara yawan bayyanar cututtuka. Don haka, masana kimiyya ba sa gajiyawa
fayyace cewa duk wata sanarwa ta ƙarshe tana buƙata
kara nazarin samfurin. Nazari mai tsanani da yawa
A gaskiya ma, kayan magani na wake suna farawa.
A magani
Duk da cewa magungunan da aka dogara da su a kan kayan wake suna nan
ba a amfani da su a cikin ka’idojin magani, ana samun su sosai a kasuwa
daban-daban na ganye shirye-shirye, ciki har da wake sassa.
Irin wannan hadaddun shirye-shirye yawanci ana ba da shawarar masana’anta.
a matsayin mai zaman kanta ko ma’anar taimako a cikin maganin ciwon sukari
Nau’i na 2.
Alal misali, a cikin abun da ke ciki na tarin shuke-shuke «Arfazetin», tare da
cranberry sprouts,
tashi kwatangwalo
da ganye daban-daban, sun haɗa da kashi 20% na bawon wake na yau da kullun,
wanda ake dauka a matsayin jiko.
Littattafai daban-daban (misali, «Botanical-Pharmacognostic
ƙamus” .) nuna
akan yiwuwar amfani da wake a matsayin tushen tushen potassium
a cikin abinci mai gina jiki don cardiac arrhythmias da atherosclerosis.
A cikin magungunan jama’a
A cikin magungunan jama’a na zamani, ana amfani da filayen wake
jiyya na cututtuka na tsarin genitourinary, a cikin cin zarafin gishiri mai gishiri
da kuma rheumatism.
A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da aikin diuretic kai tsaye ko a kaikaice.
tsire-tsire. Don ƙara yawan adadin fitsari da aka fitar, ya kamata ku sha
rabin lita na barkwanci a kowace rana, wanda aka dafa don 3-4 hours,
zuba ruwa a kan 10 g na wake. Ana shafa jiko iri ɗaya
don rage matsa lamba.
Zafafan infusions na ganyen wake ko decoctions na fure suna bugu don maganin.
bile da urolithiasis
cututtuka. Kuma tare da decoction na haɗin wake da ganyen cranberry.
kumburi da pancreas da kuma inganta yanayin gaba ɗaya na haƙuri
tare da ciwon sukari mellitus.
A cikin Balkans, al’ada ne don amfani da decoctions na tsaba a cikin magungunan jama’a.
wake don kawar da bayyanar cututtuka na dysentery da kuma daidaita stool.
A daidai wannan wuri, tare da taimakon wake decoctions don ciki da waje
lotions suna rage zafi tare da kumburi na jijiyar sciatic da gout.
A cikin al’adun gargajiya na Eastern Slavs, al’ada ne don kula da fata.
cututtuka da raunuka. Misali, gasasshe da shredded
Ana hada tsaba na gari da kirim don shafa akan kone.
fata. Don cire busassun murfin likita, yi laushi bayan kwanaki 2.
amfani da mai.
Ana amfani da cakuda garin wake tare da zuma akan fata tare da erysipelas.
kumburi. Kuma waken gari mai tsabta yana rufe raunuka
da abscesses.
A cikin magungunan gabas
A Gabashin Larabawa a zamanin da, an sami rarrabuwar kawuna
da wake wake. An yi la’akari da na farko zafi da zafi a cikin aji na biyu.
An bayyana na biyu a matsayin daidaitacce game da sanyi da zafi.
An yi amfani da garin wake don cire shekaru da tabo.
Idan an ci, wake yana ɗaukar ruwa (fitsari, madara, maniyyi),
ya sanya jiki ya dunkule. Masu warkarwa sun yi amfani da broths na wake don “kore”
mahaifar mace mai nakuda, tayi, ta kara karfin mahaifa. Tare da wannan sakamako na gefe
cin wake ya yi mafarki mai ban tsoro da mafarki marar natsuwa.
Har ila yau, likitancin kasar Sin ya bambanta tsakanin ja da fari wake.
- Jan wake. Iya cire danshi,
kawar da edema,
kawar da zazzabi, mayar da narkewa a yanayin rashin lafiya
da gudawa. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don fitsari mai raɗaɗi.
Ana yin amfani da waje don cututtukan cututtukan fungal,
bayyanar cututtuka masu yawa. - Farar wake. Tare da sanyi mai cutarwa a cikin ciki.
yana dakatar da tashin zuciya da amai. Iya ta da nutsewa
gizagizai makamashi, hydrates cikin hanji, replenishes kodan.
A cikin magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin, ana kiran wake gaba daya
samfurin abubuwan ruwa da koda (ciki har da saboda
kamancen gabobi da tsaban shuka). An hada foda a ciki
abun da ke ciki na kwayoyi don ƙarfafa Yin na kodan. Ga wadancan
Don dalilai guda ɗaya, an yi amfani da decoction ko jiko na kwas ɗin wake. me yafi haka
Bugu da ƙari, an yi amfani da legumes teas don inganta hangen nesa da dawo da su
lafiyar ido. Don shirya waɗannan kwas ɗin “shayi” da kyau da kuke buƙata
a nika a cikin foda, sannan a zuba foda kadan a cikin gilashi
ruwa kuma ajiye tsawon minti 5 akan zafi kadan.
A cikin binciken kimiyya
Ana iya bayyana wasu halayen ilimin halitta na wake.
a wasu nau’ikan (iri) na tsire-tsire da ƙarancin furci a wasu. Har zuwa yanzu
Masu bincike gabaɗaya suna aiki tare da a
samfurin, sa’an nan sakamakon data a kan kaddarorin da aka dangana ga
nau’in da aka yi nazari (iri-iri). Mun kawo misalan irin wannan karatun.
kasa
- Farin wake ko “navy blue” wake.
Waɗannan ƙananan fararen wake an gabatar da su a cikin abincin.
Ma’aikatan jirgin ruwa a cikin sojojin ruwa na Amurka a karni na XNUMX, wanda ya bayyana sunansa. Tasiri
An yi nazarin wake “teku” a cikin berayen gwaji, an ba su
garin wake narke cikin ruwa (20% a cikin abinci) zuwa
sati biyu. Abincin da ke ɗauke da waɗannan wake an nuna yana da kyau
da mummunan tasiri a lokacin gwajin colitis,
rage kumburi biomarkers a gida da kuma tsarin, amma a lokaci guda
yana kara lalacewa ga rufin hanji. . - Waken Roman ko wake. ‘Ya’yanta suna “mai tsami”
rubutu, matsakaicin girman da siffar oval mai arziki a cikin phenolic
mahadi da abubuwan da ba za a iya narkewa ba,
wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen kawar da colitis na gwaji da kuma ragewa
tsananin sauran cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da tabarbarewar hanji.
. Yayin gwajin
a cikin mice, an lura da haɓakawa a yawancin sigogi ba kawai ba
a cikin mice tare da colitis, amma kuma a cikin mice masu lafiya daga ƙungiyar kulawa.
A cikin rukuni na colitis, kari tare da 20% na gari na wake a cikin abinci ya rage
tsananin cutar da lalacewar histological na hanji,
ƙara yawan bayyanar da kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen aikin shinge,
rage kumburi cytokines na hanji. - Pinto wake. Wannan shi ne matsakaicin wake
size, tare da launin ruwan kasa fata, m siffar. Hemaglutinin,
Abubuwan da aka keɓe daga waɗannan wake suna da antifungal,
antidiabetic da antitumor ayyuka. To irin wannan
Masana kimiyya sun cimma matsaya bayan gwaje-gwajen “a cikin bututun gwaji” (in
har ma a cikin samfuran hanji).
Koyaya, bayanan gwaji da ilimin zamantakewa sun nuna hakan
Marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari da mutanen da ke da gurɓataccen homeostasis na jan ƙarfe na iya
suna da ƙara haɗarin guba na molybdenum
Wake Tambayoyin mitar abinci da aka cika kai
ya nuna cewa a tsakiyar Mexico, marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari da
m rikitarwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, yi amfani da ‘yan iri
wake ya fi kowa fiye da mutanen da ke da ƙarancin ci gaba na kiwon lafiya. Kuma tweet
Pinto wake ba su kasance mafi aminci ba a wannan batun. Masu bincike
Har ma ya ba da shawarar a ware broth tare da waɗannan wake ga masu ciwon sukari
na abincin ku. .
Don rasa nauyi
Akwai bincike da yawa akan wake da tsantsar wake da suka bayyana
hanyoyi daban-daban na tasiri akan jihohi ko matakai masu alaƙa
kiba da kiba.
Ku ci sanwici da aka gasa masara 70%.
da 30% wake, rage ƙwayar cholesterol matakan jini
da triglycerides, glucose jini a cikin berayen sun ciyar da abinci tare da mai girma
Abun ciki mai kitse. Bugu da ƙari, wannan ƙarin abincin ya ba da gudummawa ga
raunana tarin lipid. Sakamakon karshe ya nuna cewa
cin gurasar masara yana rage kiba,
tarin kitse mai yawa, girman adipocytes (kwayoyin mai) da
hana cutar hanta mai kitse mara giya a cikin beraye ta amfani da
hana sunadarai na nukiliya PPARγ da SREEF2. .
A wani binciken ɗan adam, wake ya taimaka sarrafawa
nauyi da sauri satiating da suppressing ci. Makafi mai sarrafa placebo
wani bincike da ya kunshi masu aikin sa kai goma sha biyu ya nuna haka
sabon tsantsar wake mai tsafta lokacin amfani dashi azaman kari
zuwa gauraye da daidaita abinci (60% carbohydrates, 25% mai
da kuma 15% sunadaran) sun ba da kulawar ci abinci da ƙara jin daɗi.
satiety a cikin sa’o’i 3 na abinci fiye da a cikin rukunin placebo.
Makiyoyin manufa sun tabbatar da bambanci: cire kari
wake yana rage glucose, insulin da sakin C-peptide bayan an sha
abinci, ya hana fitar da peptide hormone ghrelin. .
Nazarin matukin jirgi a cikin masu aikin sa kai 60 masu kiba
Hakanan ya nuna ingancin daidaitattun hanyoyin bushewa
fitar da wake don rage girman kugu da kuma yaki da wuce gona da iri
nauyi . Sa’an nan kuma mahalarta a cikin gwajin sun karbi 50 g na cirewa
sau biyu a rana tsawon makonni 12, wanda a cikin rukuni ɗaya na batutuwa ya haifar da:
- raguwa a cikin nauyin jiki (daga 82,8 ± 9,1 kg zuwa 78,8 ± 8,9 kg; p <0,0001),
- Rage kewayen kugu (daga 94,4 ± 10,3 cm zuwa 88,2 ± 10,0
cm; p <0,0001), - raguwa a cikin damuwa na oxidative (daga 380,4 ± 14,8 zuwa 340,7 ± 14,8
Raka’a Carr; p <0,0001).
Duk da haka, duk da waɗannan sakamako masu ƙarfafawa, ba duka masana kimiyya ba
Dubi wake da abin da aka samu a matsayin ƙarin abin da ake ci.
A cikin Mujallar Gina Jiki ta Biritaniya, wata mujallar kimiyya da aka yi bitar takwarorinsu,
sadaukar da kai don bincike a fagen cin abinci na dabba da ɗan adam
– bita na yau da kullun da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na bazuwar karatun
nazarin asibiti da suka danganci ingancin wake a ciki
a matsayin kari na asarar nauyi. .
A cewar mawallafa, duk binciken da aka bincika yana da tsanani
gazawar hanya. Meta-bincike ba shi da mahimmanci a kididdiga
banbancin asarar nauyi tsakanin kungiyoyin da suka sha maganin wake,
da kungiyoyin placebo. Gaskiya ne cewa an kafa ƙarin ƙididdiga ta ƙididdiga
gagarumin raguwa a cikin kitsen jiki yana fifita kungiyoyin ‘wake’
idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyoyin placebo. Ta hanyar tattara bayanai, masu bincike
ba zai iya yanke shawara mai ƙarfi game da tasirin abubuwan ƙari ba
wake da nauyin jiki. Kuma sun gane cewa don haƙiƙan kimanta tasirin
wake, mafi girma kuma mafi tsananin gwaji ana buƙatar.
A cikin dafa abinci
Wake, kamar sauran kayan lambu, danye
kar a ci abinci. Amma a nan wannan ya faru ba kawai ga ƙananan kayan abinci da matakin amfani ba.
halaye na samfurin, amma kuma gaskiyar cewa yawancin nau’in wake
danyen mai guba ne. Saboda haka, dukan tarihin noman wake
an dafa shi, soyayye, stewed dabam ko a hade tare da wasu
samfurori. Don haka, alal misali, a gabas, na farko a China sannan
a Japan, Indiya, Koriya, dafaffen wake har yanzu yana da farin jini sosai
tare da shinkafa
Amma gaba ɗaya, wake kusan abinci ne na duniya wanda yake da kyau.
yana da kyau da kifi, nama, abincin teku,
hatsi da kusan duk sauran kayan lambu.
Yanzu wake (ciki har da kayan lambu da sukari) kafin dafa abinci
al’ada ce a jiƙa a cikin ruwan sanyi na kimanin sa’o’i 10-12
a cikin rabo na 1: 5 (kopin wake zuwa kofuna 1 na ruwa). Lokacin jiƙa
kuma tafasa busasshen wake sau 2-3 yana ƙaruwa da girma, don haka
Dole ne skillet ɗin ya zama daidai girman girman.
Wasu masu dafa abinci suna ba da shawarar barin wake a cikin ruwa don
rana. Ana yin haka ne domin a fara yin laushi da wake.
kuma, bayan sun cika da danshi, sun shirya da sauri, kuma, na biyu, don haka
sukarin da jikin dan Adam ya yi nasarar narke a cikin ruwa
baya narkewa. Akwai kuma ra’ayi cewa jiƙa wake
yana haifar da asarar kayan abinci mai gina jiki waɗanda ke tsoma baki tare da sha na gina jiki
abubuwa .
Idan babu lokaci don shirya wake, zaka iya amfani da “zafi”
hanyar jiƙa. A wannan yanayin, ana fara dafa waken kamar 3
mintuna, sannan a rufaffiyar tukunyar da aka jika a cikin ruwan zafi
aƙalla wani sa’o’i 1-2, kuma bayan haka “tsohuwar” ruwa yana zubar,
Ana wanke wake da ya kumbura a karkashin ruwan famfo kuma a tura shi zuwa babban bututu.
matakin shiri.
Don tafasa, dole ne a rufe wake gaba daya a cikin tukunyar.
Ruwa. Rufi yawanci baya rufe hermetically, wani lokacin yana ƙara ruwa.
idan ya tafasa. Yawancin matan gida suna ƙara gishiri a ƙarshen dafa abinci.
don kada wake yayi tauri, amma babu abin dogaro
shaida cewa gishiri yana ba da gudummawar wuce haddi na ‘ya’yan itace,
don haka ana iya ƙara wannan da sauran kayan yaji nan da nan kuma daga baya.
Kuma ga sinadaran acidic da ake bayarwa a wasu girke-girke.
(vinegar, citric acid, ruwan inabi, da dai sauransu) don inganta taushi
a zahiri ƙara bayan wake ya kusa dahuwa.
Hakanan, don rage kumfa yayin tafasa.
ana so a zuba cokali guda na sunflower a ciki bayan tafasasshen ruwa
mai.
Lokacin dafa abinci a cikin kwanon rufi a kan zafi kadan, wake yana dafa a cikin rabin sa’a.
har zuwa awa daya da rabi (dangane da iri-iri). Ana duba wake don ganin ko an gama.
Matsi. Yawancin lokaci ana niƙa wasu guntu a kan faranti.
tare da cokali mai yatsa ko yatsa. Ana la’akari da waken da aka gama idan an canza su
riga taushi isa kuma ba crunchy amma ba crumbly tukuna
cikin mush.
Ya kamata a lura cewa lokacin dafa abinci na kore wake (bishiyar asparagus)
kasa da yawa. Bayan nutsewa a cikin ruwan gishiri an riga an tafasa.
ana tafasa kwas ɗin na rayayye na kusan mintuna 5 kawai, bayan haka nan da nan
canja wuri zuwa yanayin sanyi don su riƙe halayensu
crunch da launi.
Koren wake ana kiransa koren wake mara girma daga wake iri ɗaya.
Na yau da kullun. Suna kuma shahara sosai a cikin abincin Turawa daban-daban.
da kasashen Asiya. Misali, a cikin abinci na Belgium ana haɗa su sau da yawa
tare da ganyaye masu kamshi, kirim mai tsami ko soya miya. Amma
tunda wadannan wake suna da kima ne kawai don kiyaye dabi’arsu
launin ganye da ɗanɗanon wake, da dafaffe da soyayyen in mun gwada
ba don da yawa ba.
A lokacin da ake dafa koren wake, ana yawan tsallake matakin tafasa:
Ana fara soya kwas ɗin har sai an dahu rabi sannan a dahu
a cikin tumatir miya ko kirim a kan zafi kadan na kimanin minti 20.
Ana amfani dashi sosai wajen dafa abinci da kuma cikin garin wake. A kan haka
shirya miya iri-iri. Duk da haka, ana ƙara wannan gari sau da yawa
kuma a cikin faranti na kayan zaki: da wuri, strudels, muffins.
En cosmetology
Mutane sun iya yin la’akari da damar kayan ado na wake a zamanin da.
awa. A zamanin d Romawa, an niƙa wake a cikin gari, wanda a cikin abun da ke ciki
samfurin kwaskwarima yana yin aikin foda. Kwarewar wake
Gari don fatar fata daga baya ya haifar da haɗa shi a cikin girke-girke.
ladies whitening, nuna a daya daga cikin Jamus sunayen
wake – Schminkbohne. Ana iya fassara wannan hadadden kalmar azaman
“Makeup, Bleach, ko kayan shafa wake.”
A yau, shirye-shiryen da aka yi, wanda aka riga aka shirya, gari na wake yana da sauƙin saya.
a cikin shagunan kan layi. A fagen cosmetology, masana’antun sun ba da shawarar shi.
Yi amfani da shi don haɓaka metabolism na intercellular, ƙarfafa fata,
kawar da duhu da’ira, bruises, kazalika da whitening.
Baya ga gari, ana iya samun kananan kwalabe don siyarwa kyauta.
sunadaran wake da aka yi amfani da su, wanda kuma aka tsara su don yin tasiri
bayyana dagawa, hydration, maido da ruwa da mai metabolism
da kuma ƙara turgor na fata na fuska, wuyansa da decolleté. An yi imani
wanda ke faruwa da ƙarfafa ganuwar microvessels da daidaitawar collagen
saboda neutralization na enzymes, destructively rinjayar da tsarin
abubuwa na connective nama.
Ana ƙara wannan hydrolyzate a cikin adadin 2 zuwa 4% zuwa cream don matsaloli
fata na matasa, 5-8% – a cikin kayan shafawa na rana, anti-cellulite
dagawa serums da masks, 2-3% – a dawo da gels bayan
aske, 8-9% – a cikin hanyar ƙarfafa kusoshi da gashi.
Bean protein hydrolyzate samfurin ne mai aiki da yawa,
amma yana jin tsoron dumama zuwa fiye da 40 ° C. Kuma daga yin na gida
kayan shafawa ta amfani da tsantsa suna buƙatar takamaiman fasaha,
Mashin fuska mai sauƙi da sauri sun zama sananne sosai.
kuma bisa ga wake, wanda ke da tsabta mai tsabta da kuma ciyar da fata, yana samarwa
smoothing da dagawa sakamako, taimaka gajiya da itching, kawar
jaka a karkashin idanu. Bugu da kari, wake yana da kaddarorin bleaching.
godiya ga abin da yake taimakawa wajen daidaita launi da saman fata.
Mashin mafi sauƙi amma mafi inganci ana yin shi ta hanyar haɗuwa
dafaffen wake puree (cokali 2) da zaitun
man shanu (1 tbsp. l.) da lemun tsami
ruwan ‘ya’yan itace (½ tablespoon. l.). Ana amfani da wannan abin rufe fuska don tsabtace fata zuwa
Minti 15-20 sannan a wanke da ruwa. A lokuta aikace-aikace
Wake mask a bushe fata ƙara cream ko man shanu zuwa girke-girke,
kuma idan ana shafa fata mai laushi – garin buckwheat a matsayin abin sha
da shafa mai a hankali.
Mun tattara mahimman bayanai game da fa’idodi da haɗarin wake.
a cikin wannan misalin kuma za mu yi godiya sosai idan kun raba
hoto a shafukan sada zumunta, tare da hanyar haɗi zuwa shafinmu:
Hulling wake na iya bambanta sosai da juna.
a bayyanar. Fari ne, purple-baki, rawaya,
launin ruwan kasa, marmara, da sauransu. Siffar: simmetrically oval, lankwasa,
lebur da ‘tukwane-ciki’. Wake na wasu nau’ikan yana kan matsakaicin ƙarami fiye da sauran
iri, amma ga yawan jita-jita yana da ɗan ƙaramin wake ne,
dace mafi kyau. Kuna iya siyan kowane; Babban abu shine gaba dayansu,
babu wrinkles kuma babu alamun lalacewar kwari.
Zai fi kyau a sayi koren wake cushe a cikin kwantena mara iska.
marufi. Ana samuwa a cikin kusan dukkanin manyan masana’antun.
kayan lambu amfanin gona. A cikin manyan kantunan ana sayar da shi a daskare. Amma
idan a kakar za ka iya samun sabo ne koren wake, to, da fifiko
Ya kamata a ba da kwasfa masu kauri da yawa.
Wake yana da kyau a cikin firiji, amma a aikace
da kyar babu isasshiyar daki gare su, har ma a sashen veggie.
Sabili da haka, a gida, ana amfani da wasu hanyoyin ajiya sau da yawa.
tsaga wake:
Ana sayo sabo koren wake daf da dafa abinci,
ko daskararre don amfani nan gaba. Koyaya, akwai wata hanyar adanawa
koren wake: a cikin sigar ‘samfurin da aka gama da shi’. Domin wannan ya ƙare
an yanke pods, an cire zaruruwa daga bawuloli, sannan kuma aikin aikin shine
Minti 4-5 a jika a cikin ruwan zãfi kuma a bushe a zazzabi na 60-70
digiri a cikin tanda don 4-5 hours. Don haka kusan a shirye don ci
Hakanan ya kamata a adana busassun kwas ɗin a cikin ɗaki mai ƙarancin zafi.
da zafin jiki.
Wake na daya daga cikin tsofaffin amfanin gona da dan Adam ke nomawa.
Maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban suna nuna bayanai daban-daban, amma akalla 5 dubu
Shekaru da suka gabata, wake a matsayin kayan abinci sun riga sun saba da mazauna Tsakiya
da Kudancin Amurka. An dauki wannan yanki a matsayin mahaifar tarihi na shuka.
Wake ya zo Turai a makara: balaguron Columbus
ya kawo ta daga tafiya ta biyu zuwa gabar Sabuwar Duniya. A cikin ta
wani m aiki a kan ilmi na Aztecs a cikin magani da kuma botany
Wani ɗan mishan ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya Bernardino de Sahagún ya kwatanta shi. Wake a cikin wannan
aikin gabaɗaya ya keɓe ga sashe na uku na Babi na XIII “akan duk samfuran”.
Marubucin ya lissafo kuma ya zayyana nau’ukan wake sama da 10 wadanda
Aztecs sun cinye shi. Duk da haka, a Turai, da dafuwa misali na Aztecs
bai bi nan da nan ba kuma da farko an shuka wake ne kawai
a matsayin shuka ornamental.
Lokacin da Turawa suka gwada wake, sai suka fara yadawa da sauri.
a fadin nahiyar. Waken ya zo Birtaniya daga Netherlands, don haka
can suka fara kiranta da “Beans Dutch”, Rasha a cikin karni na XNUMX-XNUMX
Domin ƙarni, an kawo al’adun daga Faransanci, saboda haka sunan wake
akwai daidai – “Faransa wake.”
A Faransa kanta, wake ya zama sananne musamman a lokacin mulkin
Napoleon I. Akwai tatsuniyar tarihi bisa ga abin da sarki ya faɗa
Ya ɗauki wake a matsayin abincin da zai iya ƙarfafa tsokoki da inganta aiki.
kwakwalwa. Sai wake suka shiga sojan soja da hafsa
waldi.
Bayan irin wannan labarin, yana da ban mamaki cewa ranar bikin wake
An yi bikin ba a Faransa ba, amma a Bulgaria. A watan Nuwamba, har zuwa karshe
A ranar Asabar, a ƙauyen Smilyan, an buɗe bikin biki da babbar murya
harbi daga wani “wake gwangwani na musamman.” Bayan haka aka fara
bikin da ya hada da gasar cin abinci da cewa
a cikin gidajen abinci suna shirya jita-jita iri-iri da ba kasafai ba
Wake Na farko, daga gida ‘Smilian wake’, wanda
Har ma an jera shi a cikin littafin Guinness na Records.
Amma ba wai kawai Smilian wake ne ke mamakin abubuwan su ba. Misali,
An bambanta nau’in “Akito” da “Ad Rem” ta hanyar ƙamshi mai laushi. Iri-iri
Flajole yana wari kamar cuku Edammer na Dutch
(Adamu). Da waken wata (wanda aka fi sani da “lima” da sunan babban birnin kasar
Peru), saboda dandano, yana hade da man shanu.
Na ƙarshe daga cikin waɗanda aka jera, waken wata, yana da guda ɗaya
wani fasali mai ban sha’awa: ana kiyaye shuka daga tsutsa na kwari
ta hanyar samar da wani abu mai ƙaƙƙarfan ƙamshi mai kama da pheromones
Wasan da ke jin ƙamshi mai ban sha’awa, ƙwanƙolin na tururuwa zuwa wake suna lalata
caterpillars suka sauka akan shukar. Af, curly kara na wannan
Nau’in wake yana daya daga cikin mafi tsayi a cikin jinsin kuma yana iya kaiwa mita 15.
a tsayi. Tun da, a matsakaita, tushe na wake na kowa yana da yawa
ya fi guntu – har zuwa mita 3.
Kamar sauran tsire-tsire, mai yiwuwa wake yana da wasu asirai masu yawa.
da damar da har yanzu mutane ba su sani ba. Don haka, ƙari
nazarin shuka da ‘ya’yan itatuwa, mai yiwuwa nan gaba kadan.
zai taimaka wa mutane su yi amfani da duk abubuwan da ke cikin magunguna da na gina jiki.
m.
