halaye, taro, zane da girma –

Gidan kudan zuma na Ruta na kowa ne. Masu kiwon kudan Amurka ne suka kirkiro wannan zane. Samfurin na yanzu ana kiransa daidai hive Langstroth-Root. Domin shahararrun masu kiwon zuma guda 2 ne suka kirkiro ta.

Hive Overview da Features

Masu kiwon kudan zuma sun ƙaunaci amyar Ruth don dacewarsu wajen kiyayewa da kuma kiwon kudan zuma. Misalin gidan gini ne da yawa. Tushen ƙira shine ƙirƙirar yanayi da aka saba da kwari.

Babban fa’idar amya na Rutov shine ikon haɓaka yawan kwari da yaudara. An tsara amya tare da zane mai yawa. Wannan yana ba da damar sake tsara benaye. Ta hanyar rarraba gawarwakin da aka cika, ƙudan zuma suna gaggawar rufe ratar a cikin akwatin da ba kowa.

Tsarin hive na Rutov yana da fasali masu yawa:

1. rashin sutura da rarraba kasa tsakanin jikin;
2. ana yin firam ɗin a cikin ƙananan girma;
3. rufin lebur;
4. ana shigar da kararraki ɗaya a kan ɗayan;
5. ana shigar da firam ɗin saƙar zuma a cikin tsinkaya da aka yi a cikin kari na kantin;
6. An sanya sarauniya a cikin aljihun tebur na kasa kuma an tsare ta da raga.

Ana amfani da gine-ginen Rutov musamman a yankunan da ke da yanayi mai dumi. Ana yin gyaran jiki kowane mako biyu. Wannan zai hana hypothermia daga kwari yayin kula da apiary.

Yadda Aka Ƙirƙirar Hive Langstroth-Ruth

Lorenz Lauren Langstroth

Masu kiwon zuma na Amurka ne suka kirkiro hive na Langstroth-Ruth, bayan da aka sanya wa zane sunan. Samfurin gida ne mai yawan jiki a tsaye tare da gajerun firam. Saboda gajartawar firam, masu kiwon kudan zuma na iya shigar da sabbin ruhohi a tsaye. Don haka fadada gidan.

LL Langstroth na Amurka. Mai kula da kudan zuma Amos Ruth ya inganta samfurin daga baya. Mai da kasa mai cirewa da rufin rufin. Sauran sigogin sun kasance ba su canza ba. Sake fasalin ƙirar ya inganta sabis. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a kara yawan bukatar samfurin Rutov da kaddamar da yawan samar da shi.

Amfanin ƙira

Gishiri mai tushe 10 sanannen ƙirar gidan kudan zuma tare da fa’idodi da yawa:

• sauƙi a cikin aiki;
• da ikon fadada hive a kowane lokaci;
• m zane;
• yanayin rayuwa na ƙudan zuma yana da kyau kamar yadda zai yiwu;
• babban mayar kan cin hanci;
• da ikon tattara pollen.

Irin wannan gidan yana ba da sarari don kayan abinci.

Ƙirar ƙira

Rutov ta hive kuma yana da rashin amfani:

• gidaje masu yawa suna da wahala ga masu farawa don amfani;
• Store Store. Dangane da girma, tsarin yayi kama da benaye. Tare da kulawa mara kyau, hypothermia na kudan zuma yana yiwuwa. Sakamakon mutuwar kwari;
• kananan gidaje. Ana buƙatar lattices don hana mahaifa a cikin ƙarami.

Laifin ƙira ya fi shafar masu farawa a cikin noman apiary. Ga ƙwararrun masu kiwon zuma, adanawa da kuma kiwon kwari a cikin irin wannan tsari ba zai zama matsala ba.

Menene bambanci tsakanin amya Ruta da Dadanovsky amya?

Ana buƙatar amya a tsakanin masu kiwon zuma. Waɗannan hanyoyin kiwon zuma suna aiki da kyau. Wasu masu kiwon zuma suna kwatanta Rutovsky da hive na Dadanov kuma suna nuna kamanninsu. A gaskiya ma, ka’idodin kula da ƙudan zuma a cikin tsarin Rutov da Dadanov sun bambanta. A cikin gidajen Ruta, kulawa da kulawa sun dogara ne akan halayen kwari:

• gidan ya kunshi gine-gine da dama. Kowane sashe yana da firam 10;
• bayan sun yi sanyin gwiwa, masu kiwon zuman sun kafa wani gini mai tushe a saman kudan zuman;
• shigar da wani sashe yana zama gayyata ga dangi don faɗaɗa gidan mujiya. Suna matsawa cikin wani gini mai dumi. Sarauniyar ta bi kudan zuma;
• da zarar kwari ya wuce, mai kiwon kudan zuma ya canza sassan;
• Bayan an cika jiki da zuma, sai a raba mahaifar samari da raga. Ma’aikatan za su iya ketare wannan grid kyauta, amma sarauniya ba za ta iya ba. Wannan yana motsa kwarin ma’aikaci don tattara zuma da kuma mahaifa don ƙara ɗanɗano.

Muhimmin:

Hanyoyin amya sun dace da yankuna masu zafi. A cikin wuraren sanyi, akwai haɗarin hypothermia da mutuwar maraƙi. Domin ana buƙatar gyara sassan a kai a kai.

Amma ga Dadanovsky hive yana da halayyar:

• maye gurbin daban-daban Frames bayan wintering;
• sa’an nan idan firam ɗin ya cika da zuma, sai a kafa shagon cin hanci;
• Yayin da tsawo ya cika, ana iya maye gurbinsa fanko ko, ƙari, za a iya sanya wata mujalla tsakanin gida.

Tsarin hives na Dadanov baya barin mulkin mallaka ya yi sanyi sosai. Ana amfani da samfurin musamman a yankuna masu sanyi. Hakanan, amya na Dadan yana da sauƙin kulawa. Saboda haka, ana bada shawarar ga masu farawa.

Fasahar kiwon kudan zuma a cikin amya ta Ruta

Yanayin kiyaye kudan zuma a cikin rumbun Ruta kusan na halitta ne. Mai kiwon kudan zuma baya buƙatar yin ƙarin aiki a cikin gidan. Aikin ku shine musanya sassan cikin lokaci kuma tattara firam ɗin da aka cika da zuma.

Tushen amya sun shahara saboda fa’idodin ƙira:

• Daidaitaccen aikace-aikacen hanyoyin kiwon zuma na iya ƙara tasirin kwari;
• ajiye Ruta a cikin amya yana ƙarfafa haɓakar kwari masu aiki;
• Duk sassan gidan suna musanya.

Muhimmin:

Wani kalubale ga masu kiwon zuma a Hive Ruth shine duba gida. Dole ne a cire duk gidaje don dubawa.

Canjin daga hive zuwa hive ya kamata a yi sauri. Tun da idan akwai jinkiri, brood na iya yin sanyi.

Yi hive na Ruta da hannuwanku don firam 10

A waje, gidan kudan zuma yana kama da gidan Dadan. Duk da haka, don tsarin Rutov, za a buƙaci firam 10, kuma don ɗakin kwana na Dadanov 12. Yawan gine-gine ya dogara da adadin kudan zuma da aka shirya dasa a cikin gidan.

Kayayyaki da kayan aikin da ake buƙata

Don yin gidan Rutov za ku buƙaci:

• 35 cm itace. Za a iya amfani da Pine ko fir;
• sukurori da kusoshi don gyara sassa;
• gani, guduma da sukudireba;
• tsaya a kan itace.

Yana da gaske don yin hive Rutov da kanku. Wannan yana buƙatar tara kaya da kayan aiki.

Hanyar aiki

Don haɗa hive Ruth, kuna buƙatar shirya cikakkun bayanai:

• babban ɓangaren tsarin bangon ƙwanƙwasa. Yawan benaye an ƙaddara ta mai kula da kudan zuma. Da farko, an haɗa ganuwar, an ɗaure tare da manne kuma an gyara su tare da screws masu ɗaukar kai. Tsarin da aka samu ba shi da kasa da rufin;
• An yi babban daraja tare da diamita na 25mm. Rarraba 7 cm daga saman yanke;
• Shigar da murfin da subkryshnik. An bar rami don rufewa tsakanin waɗannan sassa;
• bene an yi shi da alluna tare da kauri na 5 mm. Dole ne a samar da ramukan huɗa a cikin murfin. An ɗora ɓangaren da aka gama tare da takardar kwano;
• an yi ƙarin shigar da diamita na 10 mm a ƙasa.

Ana shuka kwari a cikin gine-ginen da aka gama. An shawarci masu kiwon kudan zuma marasa gogewa da su yi amfani da fakitin kudan zuma don dasa ƙudan zuma a cikin hita. Suna yin tushe sosai a cikin Tushen Tsarin. Amma zaka iya saya su kawai a cikin bazara.

girma

Dangane da daidaitattun zane-zane, girman tushen hive mai murabba’in murabba’i 10 ana wakilta ta dabi’u masu zuwa:

• jiki – tsawon 450, nisa 380 da tsawo 240 mm a ciki;
• subtop da saman – tsawon 450, nisa 380 da tsawo 70 mm a ciki.

Ƙasashen waje, ƙimar za su kasance kamar haka:

• jiki – tsawon 520, nisa 450 da tsawo 250 mm;
• murfin da murfin: tsawon 520, nisa 450 da tsawo 80 mm;
• zurfin – tsawon 520, nisa 450 da tsawo 70 mm.

Zaɓin kauri na itace ya dogara da yanayin yanayi na yankin. Don wurare masu sanyi, kayan ya kamata ya zama mai yawa.

zanen kudan zuma

An tsara ma’auni na ma’auni da zane-zane na amya don firam 10. Akwai wasu gyare-gyare na Rutov ta amya. Amma, idan mai kula da kudan zuma ya yi gidaje irin wannan a karo na farko, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsarin gargajiya.

Gidan kudan zuma Ruth ya ƙunshi sassa 4. Don haɗa akwati, ɗauki ɓangarorin gefe 2 masu girman iri ɗaya da gaba ɗaya da baya. Don hawa murfin rufin, ana buƙatar ganuwar 4. Biyu ga bangarorin biyu kuma na gaba.

Ana yin rufin kamar yadda aka yi da sutura. Bayan taro, an rufe shi da plywood 540 x 540 mm. Ana ba da shawarar don rufe takardar plywood daga ciki. A waje, ana kuma ƙarfafa plywood tare da veneer ko wani abu wanda ke karewa daga danshi.

Don bangon, ana girbe faranti guda 2, na baya ba tare da bugun ƙudan zuma da na gaba ba, wanda a baya an yi ƙofar shiga. Bugu da ƙari, kuna buƙatar shirya kayan don bango. Na gaba, haɗa sassan gefe zuwa farantin baya. Na gaba, an saka kasa da farantin gaba. Sakamakon tsarin yana manna. Lokacin da manne ya bushe, an gyara sassan da sukurori.

Tsarin hanya

Za a iya haɗa firam ɗin Ruth da kanka. Wannan zai buƙaci:

• saman kayan ado;
• sandunan gefe;
• madauri ga kasa;
• masu ratayewa.

Ruta hive ya yadu a duk faɗin Amurka. A Rasha da Turai, ana amfani da waɗannan samfuran gidaje sau da yawa. Duk da haka, godiya ga inganci da haɓakar yawan kudan zuma, masu kiwon kudan zuma a hankali suna gabatar da amya a cikin apiaries.