Ba ya kawo zuma, amma yana kawo kudan zuma mai yankan ganye mai daraja. Yana jagorantar salon rayuwa mai keɓe, yana lalata amfanin gona na ado, kawai yana lalata ganye, yana gnawing wuraren madauwari akan su. Amma wannan nau’i ne mai mahimmanci da aka jera a cikin Red Book.
Bayanin kudan zuma – mai yankan ganye
Mutane da yawa ba su san wannan ma’aikacin shi kaɗai ba, wanda halayensa ya fi tunawa da zazzagewa. Mutane da yawa kawai ba su kula da shi ba. Amma sun ga yadda ƙudan zuma da alama talakawa ke ci a cikin daji. Wannan abin damuwa ne ga masu gida. A cikin masu kiwon zuma, an san shi da kudan zuma mai yankan ganyen alfalfa. Yana da daraja don iyawar halitta ta musamman. Ita ce mafi kyawun pollinator don tsire-tsire na zuma.
A zahiri, suna kama da mutane masu aiki tuƙuru na kudan zuma gama gari. Kwari suna da ɗan ƙara girman ciki, a ƙarƙashinsa akwai bristles da yawa, inda ake tattara pollen. Akwai kusan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan iri uku:
- apical;
- kurege kafafu
- azurfa.
Kowannen su yana da bambancin halaye. Kwarin ya fi son wani nau’in shuka. Kudan zuma apical sun fi son hawthorn da ganyen rosehip. Wuraren da aka fi so na nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan su ne bishiyoyin lilac, bishiyoyin hawthorn, ana iya samun su akan ganyen ceri da kurmin innabi. A cikin ganyen fure, hawthorn, rose hips, masu yankan ganyen azurfa sun fi yawa.
vida
Masu yankan ganye suna cin pollen da nectar. Mafi sau da yawa ana samun shi azaman daidaikun mutane akan ganyen wardi, sage, alfalfa, da clover. Yana da kakkarfan muƙamuƙi (jaws), wanda yake cikowa da niƙa ganye da su. Yana ciyarwa akan nono kuma ana amfani da ganyen da aka tattara don kiwo.
Saboda takamaiman bristles na ciki, kudan zuma yana tattara yawan pollen, kasancewarsa na musamman na tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire. Siffa ta musamman itace gajeriyar zagayowar rayuwa. Matar tana rayuwa kusan wata biyu, mazan ba su wuce sati hudu ba.
Sake bugun
Babban manufar mutum mai tasowa shine haifuwa. Jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu daga kwanakin farko na wanzuwar su sun fara gwagwarmayar gwagwarmayar mata. Bayan namiji ya yi takin mahaifa, sai ya mutu. Mace mai yankan ganye a lokacin gajeriyar zagayowar rayuwarta tana shagaltuwa da renon matasa kawai. Ana gina gidaje daga guntuwar da aka yanke, ana amfani da nectar da pollen don abinci.
Kudan zuma mai yankan leaf ba ya gida a cikin amya kuma yana rayuwa daban, a cikin rassan bututu, burrows earthworm. Mai yankan yakan yi amfani da yankan ganyen wajen daidaitawa, ya toshe gidan nasa, don samar da wani nau’in kofi, wanda kwai daya ne kawai da wadatar abinci. An rufe ƙoƙon tare da ƙanana ko guntun shukar ƙasa. A cikin gajeren rayuwarta, kowace mace tana iya samar da mutane 20 zuwa 40.
Halayen halaye da rarrabawa.
Mutane da yawa sun ga ƙudan zuma suna jujjuya da ban mamaki akan ganyen, har ma suna sassaƙa sassaƙaƙƙun guntuwa ko ɓangarorin ƙudan zuma a cikin su. Wannan siffa ce ta musamman ta ɗabi’a. Kudan zuma na ɗaukar guntun guntun da aka yanke zuwa wurin da yake zaune.
Taimako
Ta hanyar yanke gutsuttsura a cikin ganyen shuka, kudan zuma ba ya cutar da shi, saboda ba ya lalata tsarin jijiyoyin shuke-shuke. Yana lalata kyan gani kawai, wanda ke damun masu shuka furanni.
Daga kowace guntu, kudan zuma nan da nan ya lanƙwasa wani tantanin halitta mai siffar bututu, inda zai yi kwai kaɗan daga baya. Zaɓi ganyen tsire-tsire masu lafiya amma taushi.
Yadda Kudan zuma Masu Ganye suke Gina Gida
Kudan zuma mai yankan ganye ba ta rayuwa a cikin hita, ba ta yin zuma. Takan yi amfani da ’ya’yan itacen da aka tattara don gina jiki da kuma ciyar da ‘ya’yanta. Ana gina gidaje a cikin rassan rassa da kututturan tsire-tsire, a cikin ramukan ruɓaɓɓen bishiyoyi. Ana kawo ganyen zuwa wurin zama, daga inda kudan zuma ke jujjuya kananan kwano, kwatankwacin kananan tudu. Daga baya kadan, ya sanya kwai a nan, abinci, ya rufe wannan tantanin halitta na musamman.
A cikin kwanakin farko, wannan gida yana da taushi sosai kuma yana da sauƙin haɗawa. Amma bayan ‘yan kwanaki sai ya zama chrysalis saboda sakin wani abu mai danko da tsutsa, ya juya ya zama kwakwa mai wuya kuma mai yawa. Abincin abinci a cikin kwakwa ya isa ga dukan lokacin hunturu har zuwa farkon kwanakin dumi. Kusan shekara guda bayan haka, wani sabon mutum ya bayyana.
Amfani, cutarwar kwari
Mafi yawan masu gida na kewayen birni suna ɗaukar kudan zuma a matsayin kwaro. Bayan haka, aikin su yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa ganyen tsire-tsire masu kyau, gonakin inabi suna kallon gnawed. Wannan ya fi lalacewar kayan ado, saboda ganye ba su mutu ba kuma suna riƙe da launi mai kyau da bayyanar lafiya. Bayan kwanciya ƙwai, kudan zuma mai ɗanɗano ya daina damun tsirrai.
Masu kiwon zuma ba sa rarraba mai yankan ganye a matsayin kwaro. Don neman ƙoƙon ƙoƙon, yana yawo a cikin manyan gonaki na tsire-tsire na zuma, yana lalata su. Koyaushe akwai adadin pollen mai yawa akan ciki mai gashi. Sabili da haka, idan ba ku haifar da babban lahani ga tsire-tsire a cikin lambun ba, kada ku lalata waɗannan kwari marasa lahani. Sun riga sun kasance matasa.
Yadda za a gane bayyanar a cikin lambun
Abu ne mai sauqi ka fahimci cewa kudan zuma mai yankan ganye ya zauna kusa da wurin. Ana nuna wannan ta ganyayen gonakin inabi, wardi, cherries, da sauran tsire-tsire. Wurin yana yawanci wani wuri kusa. Yana da daraja saka idanu da hali kuma wannan zai taimaka wajen gano wuri na dindindin mazauninsa da sauri.
Ina bukatan mu’amala da mai yankan ganyen kudan zuma?
Idan ba a yi niyya don siyar da shuke-shuken lambun ba, to, mai yankan ganye bai cancanci yin yaƙi ba kwata-kwata. Don amfanin gona na ‘ya’yan itace da kayan lambu a cikin lambun ku, kudan zuma zai kawo ƙarin fa’idodi. Ta hanyar pollinating shuke-shuke, ka muhimmanci ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Sabili da haka, idan bayyanar ganyayyaki mara kyau ba ta dame ba, to bai kamata ku lalata ƙudan zuma na masu yankan ganye ba.
Yaki da ƙudan zuma tare da yankan ganye
Idan irin wannan unguwa yana da matsala, kawar da shi yana da sauƙi. Ana iya bi da tsire-tsire tare da magungunan kashe qwari da aka yi nufin kwari. A wannan yanayin, za ta mutu. Amma bai cancanci yin ba, saboda nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in iri) ne wanda aka jera a cikin littafin jajayen littafin bai dace ba. Don kiyaye mutunci da bayyanar kayan ado na takarda, an bada shawarar rufe bushes tare da raga na musamman. Amma babu barna daga unguwar. Wannan unguwa ce mai kyau kuma tabbas zai yi amfani.
Hanyoyi na phytosanitary
Idan masu yankan ganye sun bayyana a kusa da shafin kuma wannan yana haifar da damuwa, to yana da kyau kada a lalata su gaba daya. Ana iya kiyaye tsire-tsire na ado tare da raga. A yayin da hanyoyin yaƙin duniya suke, dole ne ku sami gida. A shekara mai zuwa, sababbin mutane za su fito daga gida, wanda zai sake lalata bayyanar kyawawan tsire-tsire.
Neman gida ba shi da wahala. Yana wani wuri kusa da wurin “aiki.” Idan an samo shi, ana iya motsa shi zuwa wani wuri, amma da yawa sun fi son su lalata shi. Don yin wannan, bi wasu matakai masu sauƙi:
- shan gida, ko da yake yana da wuya ya ciji;
- yin amfani da fesa guba, bi da gida;
- sanya gidan da aka kula da shi a cikin jakar filastik kuma cire shi daga wurin.
Don shirya samfur mai lalata, ba kwa buƙatar gudu zuwa kantin sayar da. Za a iya lalata gida tare da maganin da aka shirya daga maganin potassium permanganate tare da vinegar. Ya isa a zuba kimanin gram 100 a cikin ƙaramin kwalban fesa. vinegar kuma ƙara kamar wata lu’ulu’u na potassium permanganate. Bayan narkar da, bi da gida kuma za a halaka.
Dan rashin tausayi, musamman ganin cewa shi mataimaki ne a yankinsa. Kuna iya sadaukar da kayan ado na ganye don rayuwar wannan ma’aikacin, wanda zai biya a cikin nau’i na girbi mai karimci.
