Lokacin zabar barkono iri-iri, yawancin lambu sun fi son Morozko. Morozko barkono yana da halin juriya ga sanyi, farkon maturation, babban ƙarfin samarwa da sauƙin kulawa. An gabatar da cikakken bayanin a cikin labarin.
Morozko barkono
Halayen iri-iri
Frost – barkono mai dadi, ana girma a cikin bude ƙasa da greenhouses ba tare da dumama ba. ‘Ya’yan itãcen farko sun bayyana a cikin kwanaki 110-115.
Iri-iri yana da fa’idodi da yawa:
- farkon ripening,
- resistant zuwa mummunan yanayi,
- resistant cuta,
- high aiki,
- manyan ‘ya’yan itace.
Ya dace don amfani ba kawai a cikin sabon nau’i da salads ba, don cikawa, gwangwani da daskarewa. An ba da izinin sufuri na dogon lokaci da ajiya.
Bush
Bayanin daji na Morozko iri-iri: shuka mai tushe, rufe. Tsayin daji ya kai matsakaicin 80 cm. Ganyen suna ƙanana, kore, ɗan murƙushewa. Lokacin da aka girma a cikin ƙasa buɗe, ana iya samun kusan kilogiram 2 na amfanin gona a kowace 1 m2 a kowace kakar. A cikin rufaffiyar ƙasa – game da 3 kg. A kan shuka, ana ɗaure ‘ya’yan itace 30 a lokaci guda.
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari
‘Ya’yan itacen barkono Morozko suna da halaye masu zuwa:
- ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna da girma da ƙarfi, siffar conical,
- yawan barkono yana kusan 100 g,
- ‘ya’yan itacen ja ne.
- kauri bango shine 5-7mm,
- naman yana da ɗanɗano, mai daɗi, tare da babban abun ciki na bitamin C.
Ana tara ‘ya’yan itatuwa na farko a cikin kwanaki 110-115 kuma suna girma. Idan ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun kai girma a daji, shuka zai kashe makamashi ba akan sabon amfanin gona ba, amma akan ripening.
Dokokin noma
Shirye-shiryen iri
Ya kamata a shuka tsaba a cikin rabi na biyu na Fabrairu, farkon rabin Maris. 65 – 75 kwanaki kafin dasa shuki.
Don mafi kyawun germination, ƙwararrun lambu suna ba da shawarar jiƙa su a cikin shirye-shiryen tare da haɓaka haɓaka. Bayan ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun bushe, a dasa su a cikin allunan peat ko ƙasa. Shuka ba ya jure wa kowane dasawa, yana da kyau a shuka tsaba a cikin manyan kwantena tare da ƙasa. Tsire-tsire za su yi girma a cikin su kafin dasa su a cikin greenhouse ko bude ƙasa. Kar a shuka iri mai zurfi sosai.
Dadi da m barkono tare da dace kula
Don hana saman saman ƙasa daga bushewa, ƙirƙirar ƙaramin greenhouse tare da fim ko gilashi. Kuma lokacin da farkon harbe ya bayyana, cire fim din. Yana da daraja la’akari da cewa sprouts germinate na kimanin makonni biyu. Dole ne a sanya iska a cikin gandun daji da humidated duk wannan lokacin.
Yi ƙoƙarin kula da zafin rana 27˚С, da dare 17˚С.
Dasa tsaba
Makonni biyu kafin dasa shuki, fara taurare seedlings. Sanya sprouts a waje. Ana iya dasa barkono a cikin greenhouse daga Mayu 15. Dasa, barkono mai dadi ba tare da zurfin zurfi ba. Tsarin shuka:
- a cikin greenhouse 40 cm da 60 cm;
- a cikin gadaje masu buɗewa ƙasa da shimfiɗa – 45 cm ta 45 cm.
A wurin, shuka barkono a ƙarshen Mayu da farkon Yuni. Ƙara humus a kowace rijiya.
Dasa sarari
An fi dasa barkono masu daɗi inda kayan lambu, kabeji, karas, albasa, ko ganya suke girma.
Dole ne ƙasa ta sami wasu halaye:
- tare da tsaka tsaki acidity,
- sako-sako,
- cike da ma’adanai,
- mai ruwa.
Dole ne wurin ya zama rana, an kiyaye shi daga iska. Barkono yana son ƙasa mai ɗauke da takin ko humus.
Nasihun kulawa
Kula da barkono Morozko abu ne mai sauƙi.
Barkono ƙasa ce mai ɗanɗano, don haka yana da kyau a sha ruwa sau biyu ko uku a mako da dare. Don wadatar da tushen tare da oxygen, a kai a kai fluff ƙasa.
Don inganta girma, ciyar da barkono tare da takin mai magani na nitrogen. Lokacin da ovaries na farko suka bayyana, fara amfani da maganin potassium da phosphate. Don kakar, ya zama dole don yin bandages 2-3.
Cire ganye da harbe-harbe da suka bayyana akan kara kafin cokali mai yatsa na farko. Hakanan yana da kyau a cire furen tsakiya. Bin waɗannan ƙa’idodi masu sauƙi yana taimakawa haɓaka dawowa.
Rigakafin cutar
Don hana barkonon da kuke ƙauna daga rashin lafiya, bi wasu dokoki:
- dasa dauki abu daga lafiya shuke-shuke,
- kafin dasa shuki, tsaba suna buƙatar kwanta don shekaru 3-4,
- disinfect tsaba ta sanya su a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate na minti 20.
- Ci gaba da wanke tsaba a cikin shirye-shiryen zircon bisa ga umarnin.
Kula da kwaro
Barkono suna da saurin kamuwa da cuta
Akwai nau’ikan kwari da yawa waɗanda suke son cin barkono namu:
- aphids,
- arachnoid kaska,
- tsirara slugs,
- Farin tashi,
- Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro,
- sosai.
Aphids
Aphids suna tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga shuka, suna haifar da babbar lalacewa. Ganyen sun zama rawaya, gyale, kuma sun bushe. Don magance aphids, bi da shuka tare da maganin ruwa na lita 10 na ruwan zafi da gilashin ash na itace. Zuba cakuda don awanni 24. Ƙara 1 tbsp. sabulun cokali domin wankewa da hadawa.
Spider mite
Mite ya bayyana a kasan ganyen kuma yana ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itacen. Ganyen shuka a hankali ya bushe. Don cire kaska, shirya maganin 1 kofin albasa ko tafarnuwa da 1 kofin ganyen Dandelion. Nika kuma motsa tare da 1 tablespoon. Cokali na sabulu. Tsarma wannan cakuda a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Iri, fesa shuka.
Tsirara slugs
Tsirara slugs suna huda ‘ya’yan itatuwa da ganyen barkono. Kadan kadan, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna rube. Don kauce wa slugs, sako akai-akai. Don yaƙi, yayyafa ƙasa sau 3 a rana kowace rana tare da lemun tsami. Ko sanya shi a kan gado na metaldehyde granules a cikin adadin guda 5 a kowace 1m2.
Farin tashi
Don sarrafa whitefly, kurkura kowace shuka da ruwa mai tsabta. Bayan haka, sassauta ƙasa kuma zuba humus ko yashi tare da Layer na 2 cm. Shirye-shirye irin su Intavir, Verticilin, Iskar-M sun nuna kansu sosai a yakin da ake yi da whitefly. Ƙirƙiri kuma amfani da su bisa ga umarnin.
Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro
Ƙwayoyin dankalin turawa na Colorado da tsutsanta suna da ban sha’awa musamman. Sun kusan lalata ganyen shukar gaba ɗaya. Idan akwai ‘yan kwari, yana da kyau a tattara su da hannu kuma ku lalata ƙwai. Bayan girbi, fesa shuka tare da bayani na 1 ml na shirye-shiryen Komandor da lita 10 na ruwa.
Bears
Bears suna son zafi. Suna cin tushen shuka, sakamakon haka ya mutu. Don lalata larvae, sassauta filin falon.
Bi da wuraren da aka tara beyar da ƙwallan asu ko kananzir.
