Yadda za a rabu da keel kabeji –

Kila kabeji cuta ce da ke shafar ciyayi, wanda ke da yanayin fungal. Ana iya rage haɗarin lalacewa ta hanyar ɗaukar matakan da suka dace a kan lokaci da kuma kula da shukar da suka kamu da cutar daidai.

Yaƙi keel kabeji

Yanayin cutar

Cutar Keel a cikin kabeji yana bayyana a ƙarƙashin rinjayar rayuwa mai aiki na pathogen, naman gwari da ke cikin ƙasa kuma yana riƙe da ayyukan ilimin halitta har zuwa shekaru 5.

A fungal pathogen ratsa tushen tsarin kabeji plantations da tubalan da ya kwarara na ma’adinai na gina jiki da ruwa. Kwayoyin cuta suna haifar da raguwar girma da ci gaban tsire-tsire masu cutarwa, ganyen kabeji yana fara bushewa a hankali ya zama rawaya, kawunan kabeji yana girma a hankali ko ba ya yin komai.

Kwayoyin cuta na naman gwari da ke taruwa a cikin tsiro a kan tushen suna cutar da ƙasa, yana tabbatar da yaduwar cutar.

Cutar cututtuka

Babban alamun waje na cutar shine farin girma wanda ke lalata kusan dukkanin tushen tsarin kayan lambu. A wasu lokuta, cutar ta bayyana kanta a cikin nau’i na thickenings. Ta hanyar faɗuwa, waɗannan tsiro suna yin launin ruwan kasa kuma suna fara ruɓe.

Irin nau’in kayan lambu masu launi da fari suna cikin haɗari, duk da haka, duk nau’in kabeji na iya shafar naman gwari. Daga cikin nau’ikan kabeji da suka fi tsayayya da keel sune matsakaici da marigayi balaga.

Duk da haka, ba zai yiwu a hanzarta gano alamun cututtukan cututtuka ba, tun da girma a cikin matakan farko suna da ƙananan girman kuma sun bambanta kadan a bayyanar. tushen asali, ko kuskuren da ƙungiyoyin ƙasa suka ɗauka.

Kila a cikin kabeji na iya bayyana a kowane mataki na ci gaban shuka, amma galibi yana shafar matasa seedlings a matakin ci gaban aikin su.

Shafukan da naman gwari hula tnye seedlings ana samun sauƙin ja daga ƙasa daga ƙasa saboda raunin tushen tushen su. Tare da karuwa a cikin adadin girma, kayan lambu sun zama marasa amfani.

Sanadin cutar

Daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyanar naman gwari akwai ƙasa da ta gurɓace da spores na fungal. Rashin bin ƙa’idodin ƙa’idodin jujjuya amfanin gona da dasa shuki na kabeji a wuri ɗaya na tsawon shekaru a jere yana haifar da saurin yaɗuwar cututtukan fungal wanda ke riƙe ayyukansa a cikin ƙasa na dogon lokaci.

Sauran abubuwan da ke taimakawa wajen ci gaban kamuwa da cututtukan fungal:

• zafin jiki mara kyau don girma kayan lambu – 18 ° -25 °,
• Alamun zafi wanda ya wuce al’ada – fiye da 75%,
• wuce haddi hydrogen index a cikin ƙasa – acidity fiye da 5.6 maki,
• Saukowa kabeji seedlings a cikin ƙasa mai acidic mai nauyi ba makawa zai haifar da haɓakar fungi akan tushen shuke-shuke.

Matakan kariya

Yin sarrafa iri zai taimaka wajen hana kamuwa da cuta

Matakan rigakafi zasu taimaka hana kamuwa da cuta.

sarrafa iri

Kiyaye maganin cututtukan iri a cikin yaƙi da keel ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan matakan rigakafin. Ana iya yin hakan ta ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da ake da su:

• maganin iri a cikin kayan aiki wanda ke da tasirin immunostimulating wanda ke haɓaka juriya na kayan lambu ga muhalli,
• Disinfection na thermal na iri lokacin da aka jiƙa a cikin ruwan zafi tare da zazzabi na kusan 50 ° na mintuna 20-30,
• ajiye tsaba a cikin bayani na mustard na 5-6 hours,
• kula da iri tare da ascorbic acid a cikin adadin 0gr da 1l na ruwa tare da jiƙa na sa’o’i 1,
• hardening tsaba a cikin firiji don kwana 1

disinfection da ƙasa shiri

Ƙasa ƙasa disinfection -. Muhimmin ma’auni a cikin yaƙi da kabeji kabeji. Ana ba da shawarar yin haka a cikin kaka ta hanyar amfani da takin farar ƙasa da takin gargajiya. A lokacin tono ƙasa bayan girbi, an lalata duk ciyayi.

Kula da jujjuya amfanin gona

Yana taimakawa wajen sarrafa daidaitaccen juyawa na amfanin gona na keel, wanda ke daidaita yawan haihuwa da acidity na ƙasa. Ana bada shawarar shuka kabeji bayan:

• inuwa da dare, yana taimakawa wajen tsaftace ƙasa a cikin shekaru 3, waɗannan sun haɗa da eggplants, dankali, tumatir, barkono,
• Lily, ciki har da tafarnuwa, nau’in albasa mai girma, yana lalata cututtukan fungal a cikin shekaru 2-3,
• yana bunƙasa, yana kashe cututtukan fungal a cikin shekaru 2, gami da beets, alayyafo, da quinoa.

Haɗin dasa shuki na nightshades da lilacs a lokaci guda na iya rage jiyya na ƙasa daga keel, lalata ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin shekara 1.

Matakan rigakafin Agrotechnical

Matakan kariya na Agrotechnical suna rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal. Don wannan dalili:

• yana samar da abubuwan da ake buƙata na alli, zinc, potassium, boron da chlorine a cikin ƙasa;
• yana ƙara yawan humus, mullein da takin, mai arziki a cikin microflora kuma yana hana rayuwar aiki na fungi na pathogenic;
• suna kiyaye ruwa daidai.
• normalize acidity, gabatar da shirye-shiryen deoxidizing, misali, ta ƙara colloidal sulfur,
• Shuka kabeji yana da girma sosai, wanda ke ba da ƙarin haɓaka tushen tushen aiki yana ɗaukar nauyin ramawa don cike abinci mai gina jiki da buƙatun nau’ikan ruwa a cikin ruwa.

Lokacin da aka sami keel a yawancin shuka, ana ba da shawarar kula da matakan hana yaduwar cututtukan fungal:

• yi amfani da kayan aikin fasaha masu lalata don hana watsa gardamar naman gwari game da kayan aikin,
• cire tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cuta, bincika ramuka don tarkacen tushen cutar.

Madadin Chemistry da Hanyoyi

Naman gwari yana da juriya ga magungunan antifungal. Kuna iya yaƙi da keel akan kabeji tare da shahararrun kuma hanyoyin sinadarai waɗanda suka tabbatar da cewa suna da kyau, duk da haka, kwayoyi ba sa kula da shuka masu kamuwa da cuta kuma ba sa taimakawa wajen cire keel daga kabeji, kawai suna iyakance yaduwar cutar fungal.

Maganin jama’a

• kabeji ya kamu da cututtukan fungal tare da turmi lemun tsami, wanda aka yi da 150 g na lemun tsami da 5 l na ruwa, yawan amfani da shuka a kowace shuka shine 0,5 l na ruwa mai aiki,
• ciyar da kabeji a kan keel da laka ko mullein;
• sulfur danniya na fungi a wani kudi na 45 g da 10 l na ruwa.

Kayan sunadarai

Daga cikin magungunan antifungal don maganin ƙasa akwai

• glycocladines,
• Previkur,
• trichodermina da sauransu.

ƙarshe

Wajibi ne a yi yaƙi da kabeji a cikin kabeji a cikin lokaci mai dacewa, amma har ma matakan aiki ba su da tabbacin cikakken bayani ga matsalar. Bi matakan kariya don guje wa hadaddun magunguna masu ɗaukar lokaci.