Farin kabeji yana tsiro mafi kyau a cikin buɗe ƙasa: ta wannan hanyar yana karɓar iyakar hasken rana da abinci mai mahimmanci. A cikin rufaffiyar yanayi, irin wannan kayan lambu kuma za’a iya girma, amma yawan amfanin ƙasa zai kasance ƙasa.
Farin kabeji namo a cikin bude filin
Halin shuka
Farin kabeji tsiro ne mai tushe mai silinda da tsarin tushen kusa da saman duniya. Tsarin kwance na ganye shine halayyar kayan lambu. Babban ‘ya’yan itace shine kwasfa mai iri da yawa. Don ciyarwa ana amfani da peduncles da kawunansu.
Amfani Properties na shuka
Abubuwan da ke cikin kayan lambu sun haɗa da abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. Bambance-bambancen shine cewa ganye sun ƙunshi ƙarfe fiye da zucchini ko barkono. Kasancewar bitamin da ma’adanai suna taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi kuma yana ba jiki kariya ta antioxidant. Enzymes suna taimakawa wajen kawar da gubobi.
Kayan lambu suna cikin sauƙin narkewa kuma suna sha. Likitoci sun ba da shawarar shi ga gastritis da matsalolin hanta. Kabeji kuma yana da amfani ga masu ciwon sukari. Yana dawo da matakin da ake buƙata na cholesterol.
Halayen amfanin gona
Kula da farin kabeji a cikin bude ƙasa yana buƙatar dokoki na musamman. amfanin gona yana kula da yanayin zafi da zafi, kuma yana buƙatar hasken rana mai yawa. Ƙananan rashin jin daɗi na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan yana haifar da lalacewa na peduncle. Tsawon lokacin girma yana sa masu lambu suyi amfani da hanyar da ta fi dacewa don shuka ko kula da farin kabeji a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Akwai manyan nau’ikan farin kabeji guda 3:
- Da wuri. Ana fara shuka seedlings daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa farkon Mayu. Shuka shuka a cikin ƙasa a tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen Maris. Abubuwan da aka ce sune Sugrob, Snowball, Maliba, Amethyst.
- Tsakar rana. Ana dasa shi a cikin watan Mayu da farkon Yuni. Ana fara shuka seedlings daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa farkon Mayu. Irin waɗannan nau’ikan sun haɗa da Purple Ball, Yako, Patriotic, Flora Blanca
- Late.Saukansa yana faruwa a farkon Yuli. Suna fara girma daga farkon Yuni. Wannan ya haɗa da nau’ikan Cortes, Amerigo, Consita, da sauransu.
Girma seedlings daga iri
Kafin dasa, ana sarrafa tsaba:
- 12-13 minutes sai a saka a cikin ruwan dumi sannan a huce.
- tsaftace saman tsaba,
- saka a cikin firiji don kwana 1.
Bayan magani, ana dasa tsaba a cikin guda biyu a cikin kwantena daban. An dage farawa magudanar ruwa a ƙasa, kawai sai an shimfiɗa ƙasa. Ya hada da:
- 4-5 sassa na peat lowland,
- 1 part mullein,
- 1,5 sassa na sawdust.
Don ciyar da tsaba, ana amfani da ƙasa na humus, yashi da peat a ƙasa, ana iya amfani da ɗan ash na itace. Ana aiwatar da shuka a zurfin 5 mm.
Akwai sirrin kara sanyin juriya tayi. Bayan ‘yan kwanaki kafin dasa shuki, ana ciyar da ƙasa tare da bayani na phosphate da potassium chloride da ruwa.
Yanayi don dasa shuki farin kabeji a cikin ƙasa bude
Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar hasken rana
Seedlings ya kamata a girma a 17-22 ° C. A kullum ana sassauta ƙasa ana shayar da ita. Don rigakafin, ana bi da tsire-tsire tare da bayani na potassium permanganate. A cikin samuwar ganye na gaskiya na farko, ana amfani da maganin boric acid.
An zaɓi zaɓi. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka cika makonni 2, ana dasa su a cikin akwatuna daban-daban. Ana aiwatar da ƙarin noman a zazzabi na 20 ° C.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Filayen da aka zaɓa daidai yana ɗaya daga cikin yanayin noma. An shirya ƙasa don dasa shuki farin kabeji a hankali. Za a iya shuka farin kabeji a cikin bude ƙasa kawai idan akwai isasshen adadin hasken rana.
Yana da kyau idan kun noma a cikin mãkirci na karshe kakar:
- baba,
- albasa,
- Tafarnuwa,
- karas,
- gefe.
An haramta shuka kabeji bayan:
- tumatir,
- radishes,
- beets,
- tare da.
A cikin fall, tono ƙasa a cikin shebur bayoneti. A cikin bazara, ana wadatar da ƙasa tare da abubuwa masu amfani ta amfani da humus ko takin. Ana sanya kadan na ash da urea a cikin kowane rami.
Fasahar shuka don kabeji
Fasahar shuka kuma tana da halaye kuma tana buƙatar bin ƙa’idodi. Don cin nasara na noma, ana amfani da tsarin makirci kamar yadda nisa tsakanin ramuka shine 35-40 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka – 50 cm. Ana yin shuka ne don ainihin ganyen ya kasance a saman. Don kare kariya daga sanyi, an rufe tsire-tsire da filastik filastik a farkon matakai. Suna kuma kare kabeji daga ƙuma.
Shuka tsaba na farin kabeji a cikin bude ƙasa yana farawa a tsakiyar Afrilu. Idan yanayin sanyi ne, ya fi kyau shuka seedlings.
Kulawar farin kabeji a cikin filin bude
Shuka yana buƙatar kulawa mai kyau
Yana da matukar wahala a yi shuka amfanin gona saboda mummunan yanayi dangane da yanayi da rana. Don samun yawan amfanin gona, kuna buƙatar kula da yanayin shuka. Lokacin kula da farin kabeji a cikin bude ƙasa, ana amfani da ayyuka masu zuwa:
- sassauta ƙasa,
- watering akai-akai,
- hilling,
- weeding makirci,
- maganin cututtuka da kwari,
- sutura.
Ruwa sau 1-2 a mako. Amfanin ruwan farko shine lita 8 a kowace murabba’in kilomita 1. m. Tare da haɓakar tayin, yawan amfani yana ƙaruwa. Tare da ruwan sama na yau da kullun, kada ku wuce gona da iri tare da shayarwa. Yawan zafi yana haifar da cututtukan fungal a cikin shuka. Ana birgima ganye 3 na shuka don adana danshi. Har ila yau yana taimakawa wajen bayyanar da duhu.
Gudanarwa da ciyarwa
Zai iya kare shuka daga kwari ba tare da maganin kashe kwari ba. Hanya mafi kyau don sarrafa kwari shine amfani da tokar itace. A madadin, ana amfani da taba. Magani na kwasfa albasa da burdock yana da tasiri mai kyau. Ana shafa shi ga amfanin gona ta hanyar fesa.
Ba shi yiwuwa a shawo kan cutar ba tare da magani ba. Don kauce wa bayyanarsa, ana kiyaye duk ka’idodin noma.
Ana ciyar da ciyarwa sau 3-4 Mullein shine mafi kyawun magani. 0.5. ana diluted lita na ruwa a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Ana amfani da kusan 0,5 l na maganin kowace shuka.
Na farko saman miya ne da za’ayi riga 3 makonni bayan shuka. Ana yin na biyu a cikin kwanaki 10-12. Don haɓaka sakamako, ana ƙara tablespoon na crystalline zuwa maganin mullein. Tufafi na uku an yi shi da takin ma’adinai. Mafi mashahuri magani shine Nitrofoska. Don shirya maganin, kuna buƙatar lita 10 na ruwa da 2 tablespoons. l taki Ku ciyar aƙalla lita 6 a kowace murabba’in mita. m.
Ana wanke
Babban alamun girma na tayin:
- Girman kai. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sun kai 9-12 cm a diamita.
- Nauyin ‘ya’yan itace. Babban kai yana auna fiye da 300 g.
Farkon cultivars sun isa balaga a cikin kwanaki 60-90, dangane da yanayin yanayi. Ana shuka nau’ikan tsakiyar-latti don aƙalla kwanaki 100. Daga baya iri sun girma na kimanin watanni 5. Kada a bar kayan lambu su yi girma – zai rasa duka dandano da halaye masu amfani.
Ana yin yankan a hankali, barin ganye 3-4 a kai. Kada a yanke duk harbe-harbe na gefe: idan kun bar wasu daga cikin manyan, sabbin inflorescences za su bayyana daga gare su. Ana cire kawunan da aka yanke daga rana. Idan ba a yi haka ba, za su zama marasa dacewa da abinci.
Ajiyayyen Kai
Mafi kyawun wurin ajiya shine cellar. Akwatunan filastik kuma sun dace. Ana iya adana su a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin don watanni 2.
Madadin wurin cellar shine daskarewa. Ana wanke ‘ya’yan itatuwa da ruwa kuma a bushe, kafin a daskare, ana iya dafa shi da sauƙi. Ana adana kabeji a cikin wannan nau’in har tsawon shekara guda.
Ana iya adana shuka a cikin ruwa, amma a wannan yanayin ba lallai ba ne a yanke inflorescences. Sai kawai a cire saiwoyi da manyan ganye. Tashi tayi tana daure da kututture ta dakatar dashi. Bai kamata tsire-tsire su taɓa juna ba. Ana adana kayan lambu a cikin wannan nau’i na wata daya.
Al’adu
Idan kabeji bai kai balaga ba a gonar, ana girma a gida. Don dacewa, ana yin wannan a cikin cellar. Bayan ya girma, ana adana shi a wurin.
Kwanaki 2 kafin digging, kabeji yana shayar da kyau. Lokacin tono, yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye tushen cikakke kuma tare da yalwar ƙasa. Ana kawo akwatunan ƙasa da yawa daga gonar zuwa cikin ginshiƙi kuma ana dasa amfanin gona a wurin.
Dakin yana ba da iska mai kyau. Zazzabi ya kamata ya zama dan kadan sama da 0 ° C kuma zafi ya zama kusan 95%.
ƙarshe
Ana dasa farin kabeji a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa a cikin ƙasa, kawai idan zai yiwu a ba da kulawar shuka ta al’ada. Don buɗe ƙasa, yi amfani da farkon iri. Sabili da haka, ‘ya’yan itatuwa za su kasance ƙasa, amma shuka ya girma da sauri. A cikin tsakiyar layi, an zaɓi nau’ikan da ke da juriya ga canje-canje a yanayin zafi da zafi.
