Kabeji na Beijing ya ƙunshi yawancin bitamin, ma’adanai da fiber, yana da ƙarancin adadin kuzari, yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano. Sauran sunayen wannan kayan lambu masu lafiya sune petsai, nappa, pao, chino, seleri, da latas. Kabeji na Peking a cikin buɗe ƙasa yana faranta wa masu lambu rai da farkon balaga da sauƙin kulawa.
Noman kabeji na Beijing a cikin fili
Zaɓi zane
Don ingantaccen ci gaba da ingantaccen amfanin ƙasa, ƙasa mai laushi tare da babban abun ciki na abubuwan halitta masu samuwa. Ƙasar yumbu mai haske da matsakaici tare da kyakkyawan raɗaɗi da ƙananan abun ciki na yumbu yana da kyau.
A cikin ƙasa acidic a cikin fall, suna ƙara takin mai magani (calcite, dolomite, limestone, lemun tsami) don haɓaka haɓakar shuka da rage barazanar. Yaduwar peronosporosis.
Kasa mai yashi mara kyau ba su dace da dasa kabeji na kasar Sin a cikinsu ba. Suna yin zafi da sauri kuma ba su samar da scab bayan hydration, da sauri suna rasa ajiyar danshi. Ƙasar Saline tana da wahalar fita daga saman ƙasa da ruwan ƙasa, wanda kuma ya sa su zama marasa dacewa don shuka iri ko tsire-tsire.
Ba za a iya dasa amfanin gona bayan crucifers, beets da tumatir, waɗanda ke da cututtuka na yau da kullun da kwari. . Yana da kyau a yi girma bayan takin kore, tafarnuwa, albasa, kabewa, dankali, legumes ko hatsi.
Shuka
Wajibi ne a tono ƙasa, ƙara takin gargajiya zuwa gare shi (guga da 1 sq. M) da harrow.
Wajibi ne a dasa kabeji na Beijing a cikin ƙasa, dangane da hanyar noma:
- Hanyar marar iri (tsabi). Ana fara shuka shuka a farkon shekaru goma na Mayu bayan dumama ƙasa. Idan makasudin shine girbi a cikin kaka, ana shuka tsaba a farkon zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli. Wajibi ne don girma salads bisa ga tsarin 20 × 30, tare da samuwar shugaban kabeji – 35 × 35 ko 50 × 50 cm. Ana aiwatar da shuka tsaba a cikin adadin 2 g da murabba’in murabba’in 5. m.
- Hanyar seedling. Ana dasa tsire-tsire a cikin kwanaki goma na farko na Mayu bisa ga tsarin 30 × 50. Aƙalla makonni 3 dole ne su wuce daga fitowar seedling don samar da ganye na gaskiya 4-5. Kafin dasawa, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar shayarwa mai yawa. Zai fi kyau a fara shuka seedlings a cikin kwantena ɗaya don kada lokacin da aka dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa ba su lalata tsarin tushen tushe.
Cuidado
Ba tsire-tsire kulawa mai kyau
Dokokin kulawa:
- Kula da mafi kyawun zafin jiki. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki don girma a cikin buɗe ƙasa shine 16 ° C zuwa 19 ° C a rana, 8 ° C zuwa 10 ° C da dare. Yanayin zafi ya kamata ya zama 70-80%, ƙasa – 60-65%.
- Tsari tare da agrofiber ko wani abu mara nauyi mara nauyi kai tsaye bayan saukowa. Matsugunin yana bin manufofi da yawa a lokaci ɗaya: don kare kai daga canjin zafin jiki kwatsam, haskoki masu zafi na rana, ƙwanƙolin ƙulle-ƙulle, da kuma tada saurin samuwar kawunan kabeji.
- Ciyawa (rufe saman ƙasa) tare da bambaro ko peat kwanaki 12-16 bayan shuka.
- M sassauta ƙasa a kusa da amfanin gona da weeding na weeds. Dole ne ku yi hankali kada ku lalata ganyen da ke rufe kayan lambu da gangan lokacin da ake ciyawa.
- M watering na shuka a karkashin tushen. Yana faruwa sau ɗaya a mako: da sassafe ko kuma a ƙarshen dare. A lokacin fari, mafi kyawun yayyafawa shine manufa ( ban ruwa mai ɗigon ruwa). Yana da mahimmanci don kauce wa stagnation na ruwa, in ba haka ba tsarin tushen zai rot.
- Haihuwa. A cikin budadden kasa, kabeji na Beijing yana bukatar gabatar da takin gargajiya kwanaki 12-16 bayan shuka. A nan gaba, don samun mafi kyawun girma da haɓakar Petsay, ana amfani da takin mai magani mai rikitarwa. An shuka amfanin gona da aka dasa a cikin bazara sau 3 a lokacin girma, ana shuka shi a lokacin rani – sau 2. Kabeji na kasar Sin yana da kaddarorin kwayoyin halitta don tara nitrates, don haka ya zama dole a iyakance adadin takin nitrate da ake amfani da shi sosai.
Kwari da kwari
Don shuka dabbobi a cikin ƙasa ko lambu
Barazana ga noman kabejin kasar Sin a fage shine:
- Turnip farin lemun tsami caterpillars, kula da hadarin kamuwa da cuta ko mamayewa na kwari da kuma ikon yin daidai da matakan da ya dace don inganta shuka. ,
- slugs,
- cruciferous fleas.
Yana da kyau a yi amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya na fama, maimakon magungunan kwari.
Hanyoyin sarrafawa
Dubawa da tarin ƙwayoyin da aka samo da hannu suna taimakawa hana kwafin mamayewa da lalata ciyawar ciyayi (jakar makiyayi, rapeseed, mustard) waɗanda ke jan hankalin malam buɗe ido.
Slugs ba su yarda da zafin rana ba, don haka suna cin abinci da rana ko da dare. Don magance su, yayyafa kabeji tare da kofi mai karfi, ana amfani da maganin ammoniya ko saline mai rauni. Don kauce wa lalacewa ga amfanin gona da slugs, shi wajibi ne don halakar da weeds a dace hanya, cire datti a kan site (mollusks kamar boye daga rana) da kuma kauce wa danshi.
Ana yayyafa ƙasa da ke kusa da shuka da yashi, ƙananan tsakuwa, ko niƙaƙƙen kwai don kada kwari su shiga cikin yanke.
Dole ne a cire kwari
Don kare amfanin gona daga ƙuma, tumatir, albasa ko tafarnuwa za a iya dasa a tsakanin layuka na kabeji na kasar Sin (tsaba ko tsire-tsire). Hanyoyi masu inganci don sarrafa ƙuma suma:
- bushewar pollination na shuka tare da cakuda toka da lemun tsami, toka na itace da ƙurar taba ko toka da ƙurar talakawa.
- bushewar pollination na hanyoyi tsakanin layuka na mothballs ko ƙurar taba,
- yayyafa da kayan lambu decoctions (tafarnuwa, Dandelion ganye da kuma tushen, wormwood, dankalin turawa, da dai sauransu).
Cututtuka da magani
Don haɓaka al’adar lafiya, dole ne ku magance cututtukan da ke haifar da rashin kulawa ko yanayin yanayi.
Cututtukan kabeji na Beijing:
- baki kafa (rhizoctonia),
- marchitez por fusarium (traqueomicosis);
- bushe bushe (phomosis),
- mildew (peronosporosis),
- kel din cruciferous,
- mosaic,
- black spotting (alternariosis),
- fari rot (sclerotiniosis, ruwa taushi rot),
- mucosa bacteriosis ( rigar kwayan cuta rot).
Hanyar da ta dace don magance cututtukan fungal (rhizoctonia, peronosporosis, da dai sauransu) shine amfani da fungicides (Fundazolum, Chorus).
Kwayoyin cuta (mosaic) kamuwa da cuta ba shi da warkewa kuma yana buƙatar cire tsire-tsire da ya shafa nan da nan.
Bayyanar cututtuka na kwayan cuta a mafi yawan lokuta yana hade da yanayin yanayi da rashin kulawa da amfanin gona. Wadannan raunuka kuma ba su da magani.
Don rigakafin cututtukan kabeji na Beijing, ya zama dole a magance sinadarai na musamman a matakin da mai lambu ya shuka iri ko tsiro. Rashin ciyawa a wurin dasa shuki, ingantaccen kayan shuka da ƙasa mai kyau suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rigakafin cututtuka.
ƙarshe
Girma Kabeji na kasar Sin a Waje Kasar tana da sauki.
Sauƙaƙan aikin noma da rashin saurin sa ya sa kabejin Beijing ya zama sanannen nau’in tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da ake nomawa a cikin lambunan mu da gidajen rani. Ya shahara a duk duniya.
