Eggplant shine tsire-tsire mai ban sha’awa na dare, don haka, lokacin da ake girma irin wannan amfanin gona, kuna buƙatar yin nazarin bayanin nau’ikan iri daban-daban a hankali. Matasan Epic F1 na Dutch sun sami amsa mai kyau. Godiya ga zaɓin, Epik F1 eggplant yana da girman yawan aiki da juriya, saboda haka ana girma ba kawai a cikin yankuna na kudu ba, har ma a cikin yanayi mara kyau.
Bayanin almara eggplant
Halayen iri-iri
Epic eggplant, farkon ripening, ciyayi tsawon kwanaki 65, a wasu lokuta 80. Sabuwar nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i) wanda aka yi niyya don noma a waje a cikin yanayi mai zafi, a cikin yanayi mai zafi, yana ba da ‘ya’ya mai kyau a cikin greenhouse. Kulawa mai kyau yana ba ku damar tattara kusan 6 kg daga 1 m2
Bayanin daji
Tsawon daji mai ƙarfi, madaidaiciya, mai yaduwa na shuka ya kai tsayin kusan 1 m. Matsakaicin kore kore mai tsayi na iya zama shuɗi, ja, da shuɗi. Ƙananan ganye suna da haske kore. Don samar da daji da kyakkyawan aiki, shuka yana buƙatar bel ɗin garter. Dole ne a cire raunin ovaries.
Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace
Iri-iri na Epik ya sami manyan halaye na kasuwanci saboda manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu siliki. A matsakaici, ‘ya’yan itace yana auna 200 g, ya kai 22 cm tsayi, 10 cm fadi, dangane da ƙasa, yanayin girma da halayen yanayi, ‘ya’yan itatuwa na iya kaiwa girma girma. Yawancin su launin ruwan hoda ne mai launin shuɗi mai sheki. Wani lokaci ana samun kashin baya akan sepals. Tsarin tsari mai yawa na ɓangaren litattafan almara fari ne tare da ƙaramin adadin tsaba.
‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da ɗanɗano mai daɗi. Ana nuna nau’in iri-iri ta hanyar rashin haushi da ƙamshi mai faɗi. Ana amfani da kayan lambu na almara don dafa abinci a cikin shirye-shiryen da aka shirya da kuma gwangwani, dace da soya, stewing, da dafa abinci caviar. Soyayyen ‘ya’yan itatuwa na Epic iri-iri suna ɗanɗano kamar namomin kaza.
Eggplant namo
Eggplants suna girma sosai a cikin greenhouse
Domin tsire-tsire su sami lokaci don samarwa, ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai dumi a tsakiyar Maris, yana da kyau idan yana da greenhouse.
Shirye-shiryen kayan iri
Kafin shuka, kayan shuka dole ne a gurbata su. Don yin wannan, dole ne a sanya shi na minti 20 a cikin wani bayani na 2% na potassium permanganate. Sa’an nan kuma a wanke tsaba a cikin ruwa mai tsabta mai tsabta, a bushe kuma a jiƙa na yini ɗaya a cikin abin ƙarfafa girma. Akwai wata hanyar disinfection: na minti 10, sanya kayan dasa a cikin bayani na 3% hydrogen peroxide a zazzabi na 40 ° C.
A matsayin abin kara kuzari, ana amfani da ruwan aloe mai shekaru uku a cikin tsaftataccen tsari, ko kuma a hada shi daidai gwargwado da ruwa, sai a zuba tsaba a kan saucer, a zuba ruwan a yini a bushe sannan a fara dasa.
Shuka tsaba
A matsayin ƙasa, yi amfani da shirye-shiryen da aka yi. Ƙasar da ke cikin ɗakin rani ana share shi daga ciyawa kuma an haɗe shi a daidai sassa tare da yashi da ƙasa na gida. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da peat gauraye da sawdust da ƙasa don seedlings.
Eggplants sun fi son sako-sako, ƙasa mai haske wadda ta wadatar da ma’adanai da mahadi.
A cikin tukunyar peat mai kyau ko tukwane na filastik ko kowane akwati, jiƙa ƙasa da yawa, shuka tsaba kuma a rufe da ƙasan ƙasa wanda bai wuce 1 cm ba. Kunsa akwati a cikin fim mai haske kuma sanya a wuri mai dumi don germination.
Seedling kula
Tsire-tsire na Solanaceae na buƙatar kulawa da hankali. Yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin kada ya wuce 25 ° C. Harshen farko zai bayyana a cikin kwanaki 10. Bayan haka, cire fim din kuma rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa 18 ° C. A cikin makonni biyu bayan germination, kuna buƙatar haɓaka yawan zafin jiki a lokacin rana zuwa 28 ° C, kuma da dare ƙasa zuwa 15 ° C. Wannan zai taimaka wajen ƙarfafa seedlings. .
Bayan ɗan lokaci, ta amfani da phytolamp, ya zama dole don ƙara sa’o’in hasken rana zuwa sa’o’i 12. An shigar da tushen hasken a nesa na 50 cm.
Dole ne ƙasa ta kasance mai ɗanɗano. Kwanaki 3 bayan shuka, ana aiwatar da shayarwa ta farko, sannan kowane kwana biyar. Idan ƙasa ba ta wadatar da ma’adanai, to, mako guda bayan germination ya kamata a ciyar da shi tare da takin phosphorus. Sa’an nan sau ɗaya kowane kwanaki 7, shafa saman miya don samar da taro mai kore.
Dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
Ya kamata a sami aƙalla ganye 5 akan ƙaƙƙarfan tsiro mai tsayi 20 cm tsayi. A ƙarshen Mayu, lokacin da zafin rana ya tashi sama da 15 ° C, ana dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe.
Ƙasa ya kamata ya zama ɗan alkaline ko tsaka tsaki. Acid dole ne a neutralized tare da farar ƙasa a wani kudi na 0.5 kg / m².
Ana ba da shawarar shuka eggplants a wuraren da aka shuka wake, wake, kabeji, tafarnuwa, albasa da ganye a baya. Magabata marasa kyau: barkono, dankali, tumatir.
Kowace rijiya sama da 10 cm zurfi ana jika da ruwan dumi kuma ana shuka tsiro. Tsakanin jeri ya kamata ya zama akalla 65 cm, tsakanin bushes – 35 cm.
Watse
Ban ruwa ba kasafai ba ne, amma da yawa
Kula da danshi na ƙasa yana da mahimmanci a cikin girma seedlings. Ya kamata a yi shayarwa sau ɗaya a mako, a cikin yanayin zafi sau da yawa. Ruwan ruwa mai yawa zai ruɓe tushen tsarin. Ana shayar da eggplant tare da ruwa mai dumi. A lokacin ci gaban ‘ya’yan itace mai aiki, ya kamata a shayar da shi kowace rana.
Bayan kowace wetting, ƙasa ya kamata a sassauta don samun mafi kyawun iskar oxygen zuwa tushen. Ana kuma so a yanka da bambaro a hada da bawon albasa da tafarnuwa. Wannan yana taimakawa riƙe danshi da rage ci gaban ciyawa, da kuma kawar da wasu kwari. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ammonium nitrate tare da superphosphate da potassium sulfate. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar ƙara 40 g na takin potassium-phosphorus da 50 g na nitroammophos.
A lokacin girma, don haɓaka ovary, ciyar da ƙasa tare da humus, takin, sawdust ko ruɓaɓɓen takin saniya a cikin adadin guga 1 a kowace 1 m².
A lokacin samar da ‘ya’yan itace, ana amfani da cakuda phosphate da nitrogen – don 1 teaspoon na superphosphate da nitrate tare da 10 l na ruwa.
A duk lokacin girma, bai kamata a yi riguna sama da 5 ba.
Girbi
Dangane da bayanin A cikin nau’ikan, haɓakar fasaha na ‘ya’yan itace yana faruwa kwanaki 25 bayan fure, wanda ke nufin cewa a cikin watan Agusta almara aubergines za su ji daɗin girbi na farko. Ana yin girbi kowane kwanaki 3, yayin da samfurin ya girma a hankali. Ana ba da shawarar cewa peduncle ba ya karye, amma an yanke shi ta hanyar pruning shears. Wannan zai rage danniya a kan shuka da kuma tabbatar da ingancin ripening na sauran ‘ya’yan itatuwa.
Yana da mahimmanci kada a bar eggplant kan-ripen. Abun ciki zai rasa elasticity, ya zama mai tauri da ɗaci sosai.
Ana adana ‘ya’yan itacen almara sabo ne don bai wuce makonni uku ba. Amma akwai dokoki da yawa waɗanda zasu taimaka adana ‘ya’yan itace na watanni 2-3:
- bushe wanke kowane eggplant,
- sanya kayan lambu a cikin wani Layer a cikin daki mai sanyi.
- zubar da sharar gida kowane mako uku,
- kunsa sauran ‘ya’yan itatuwa da takarda, sanya su a cikin Layer guda ɗaya a kan bambaro kuma a rufe da burlap.
Cututtuka da kwari
Epic eggplant yana da juriya ga kwayar cutar mosaic taba, amma yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka kamar:
- Late latti,
- Tabo da kwayoyin cuta,
- Bakar kafa,
- Grey rot.
Tuni makonni 3 bayan bayyanar ya kamata a hana shuka tare da ruwa Bordeaux, cuproxate, vitriol, zircon. Bayan ‘yan kwanaki bayan saukowa a ƙasa, ya kamata a sake maimaita hanya.
Kula da kwaro
Kwari masu haɗari ga eggplant:
- Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro,
- gizo-gizo mite,
- Dubi,
- Aphids,
- Bayar,
- Slug.
Colorado beetles da slugs za a iya dauka da hannu. Don tsoratar da kwari, ana bada shawarar shuka marigolds da Basil kusa da gadaje. Cakuda ƙurar taba, ash, da lemun tsami za su taimaka wajen yaƙi da slugs. Jiyya da Celtan ko Kibiya zai ceci mite gizo-gizo. Maganin ash na itace zai kare tsire-tsire daga hare-haren aphid.
Binciken
Don hana kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban, ya kamata a bi ka’idodin juyawa amfanin gona, kuma a gudanar da ayyukan noma akai-akai. Maganin sinadarai ya kamata a gudanar da shi kawai ta hanyoyin da ke da aminci ga mutane da tsirrai.
ƙarshe
Epic F1 Eggplant Hybrid an zaɓi shi ta hanyar lambu da yawa, kulawa da kulawa akan lokaci zai ba ku damar samun farkon girbi na ‘ya’yan itace masu inganci.
