Eggplants suna cikin dangin Solanaceae. Suna son zafi kuma suna mutuwa idan sun daskare. Kafin saukowa, kuna buƙatar fahimtar abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtuka masu yiwuwa. Yi la’akari da dalilin da ya sa eggplant ya bushe da kuma yadda za a guje wa irin wannan matsala.
Me yasa eggplants bushe? greenhouse
Idan bushewa ya bayyana kanta har ma a cikin greenhouse, dalilin bai isa ba micronutrients. Ƙasar ba ta da takin, ta bushe kuma ba ta da ɗanshi sosai.
Yana ƙarfafa haɓakar nitrogen a cikin aubergines. Wannan kashi yana da alhakin ci gaban al’ada na kayan lambu. Kuma tare da rashinsa, koda kuwa an shayar da shi yadda ya kamata, tare da hasken al’ada da kuma kula da zafin da ake so a cikin greenhouse, ƙananan ɓangaren daji zai bushe kuma ya bushe. Wajibi ne a cika rashi nitrogen nan da nan, kuma seedlings zasu sami bayyanar lafiya.
Me yasa eggplant ya bushe a cikin lambun
Bayan dasa shuki daga greenhouse zuwa ƙasa buɗe, ganyen ciyawar eggplant ya bushe sau da yawa. Wannan lamari ne na al’ada. Don haka seedlings suna amsa damuwa. Musamman ana lura da wannan al’amari tare da canjin zafin jiki kwatsam. Dalili na biyu da ya sa ganyen tsire-tsire na eggplant ya bushe shine rashin kulawa da harbe a farkon matakin ci gaba. Idan kun kula da kyau a nan gaba, to, launin kore da lafiya zai dawo ga tsire-tsire.
Idan eggplant ya bushe a wani mataki na gaba, to shine kulawa ko cuta mara kyau. Rashin kulawa ya haɗa da:
- gazawar amfanin gona,
- rashin haske,
- rashin abinci mai gina jiki,
- hypothermia,
- rashin numfashi,
- bambancin yanayin zafi,
- take hakkin tsarin ban ruwa.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci kada a dagula jujjuyawar amfanin gona da kuma bin ka’idojin dasawa akai-akai. Wannan zai taimaka hana rashin ci gaban shuka. Duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na gina jiki zasu kasance a cikin ƙasa.
Tsawon tsawaitawa ga rana shima yana haifar da bushewa. Hasken ultraviolet yana taimakawa wajen rushewar chlorophyll. Wannan sinadari ne ke ba da damar shuke-shuke yin numfashi, yana inganta photosynthesis. Rufin saman yana karɓar kunar rana a jiki. Da farko yana kama da ɗigon rawaya. Sannan ana iya bushewa gaba daya. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar kula da yadda gadaje suke a cikin filin ko a cikin greenhouse. Don kauce wa ƙonawa, za ku iya inuwa windows a cikin ɗakin ko shirya gadaje ta wata hanya. Kuna iya rufe shi da takarda ko zane a lokacin mafi zafi 12-15pm.
nau’ikan nakasar takarda da hanyoyin sarrafawa
Nakasar na iya bayyana kanta ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Ɗayan nau’i na nakasawa shine wilting. Wannan ita ce alamar farko kafin yin rawaya da ƙara bushewa.
Yawanci, wannan al’amari yana faruwa a rana mai haske, rana, kuma daga baya da maraice daji zai iya farfadowa sosai. Idan kun ji wari mai kamshi a ƙasa, ƙasan ya yi yawa sosai. Wajibi ne a bushe shi ta hanyar tsallake ruwa na gaba da sassauta ƙasa kusa da daji. Idan wannan ya faru a cikin greenhouse tare da seedlings, to, kafin dasa shi a wuri na dindindin, za ku iya kawai canja wurin eggplant zuwa wani akwati kuma ƙara sabon ƙasa bushe.
Ganyen sune farkon wanda aka fara samun bambancin yanayin zafi. Daga wannan, za su iya shuɗe, rasa elasticity, tabo, sannan su juya rawaya da bushe. Don kauce wa wannan a cikin greenhouse, kana buƙatar tayar da tukwane tare da tsire-tsire masu tsayi. Kusan 20 cm daga ƙasa. Don hana wannan daga faruwa a fili, kuna buƙatar kula da lokacin da ake buƙata don dasa shuki ko shuka iri.
Don girbi mai nasara, shuka ba za a iya sanyaya ba
Irin wannan yanayin ya shafi hypothermia. Sau da yawa tare da taurin ba daidai ba, nakasawa yana faruwa.Kafin hanya, tabbatar da shayar da seedlings. Seedlings ba sa son ruwan sanyi. Wajibi ne a shayar da ruwa mai zafi. In ba haka ba, jakar na iya murƙushewa, ta fara bushewa, kuma ta mutu.
Wani nau’in nakasar ita ce bayyanar baki kafin kwayar cutar ta bushe gaba daya. Wannan yana haifar da cutar da ake kira baƙar fata. An cire tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya. Sauran lafiyayyun tsire-tsire ana yayyafa su da toka. Wannan zai fitar da ruwa mai yawa daga cikin ƙasa. Daga baya, an gabatar da Previkura.
Cututtuka
Noman Eggplant yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal da cututtukan hoto, wanda wani lokacin ma ya bushe. Irin wadannan cututtuka sun hada da:
- fusarium da launin toka rot,
- speckled mosaic, kokwamba ko taba,
- verticillosis,
- rashin lafiya.
Fusarium da launin toka rot
Fusarium yana daya daga cikin cututtukan fungal marasa dadi. Kwayoyin halitta suna zaune a cikin ƙasa kuma suna cutar da tsire-tsire masu rauni. Yakan shiga cikin ƙasa tare da tsaba mara kyau. Fungi suna girma daga spores kuma suna shiga tsire-tsire waɗanda suka ji rauni yayin dasawa ko kula da su. Shuke-shuken marasa lafiya sun bambanta da masu lafiya a kamannin su:
- koma baya a ci gaba,
- wani launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana akan kara da yanke shi.
- tushen ruwan hoda ne,
- ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda na tushen ɓangaren tushe,
- busassun ganye masu launin rawaya tare da bayyanannun jijiyoyi.
- ganyen cotyledon suna murzawa cikin bututu.
Ana bambanta launin toka mai launin toka da alamar farin. Da farko yana da laushi, sannan ya zama launin toka. daji ya mutu.
rashin lafiya
Daga ƙarshen blight, launin ruwan kasa yana bayyana akan ƙananan ganye. Dukan shuka ba shi da lafiya: duka ganye, mai tushe da ‘ya’yan itatuwa, idan sun riga sun bayyana. Kadan kadan komai ya koma baki.
Vertisillosis
Verticillium naman gwari yana haifar da vertisillosis. Ana bayyana wannan ta hanyar rawaya, bushewa da faɗuwar murfin saman. Na farko, wuraren da abin ya shafa sun zama mottled, veins sun juya rawaya. Sannan cutar ta kama dukkan sassan ciyayi. Sun fara karkace, bushe da sag. Raunin yana kama da konewar ruwa mai tafasa. Idan ka yi kaciya, za ka ga cewa gindin cikin ya koma launin ruwan kasa.
Hanyoyin magance cututtuka na ƙwayoyin cuta da fungal
Don halakar da naman gwari, dole ne ku yi amfani da kayan aiki na musamman daga shagon: Quadris, Antracol, Cons.
Phytosporin da radomide suna aiki da kyau. Waɗannan su ne ƙarin kafofin watsa labarai masu tsattsauran ra’ayi. Bayan aiki, sakamakon ya kamata a sa ran kwanaki 20-25.
Spotted, kokwamba, ko mosaics taba sigari cututtuka ne na hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri. Don kada su bayyana, kuna buƙatar bin ka’idodin juyawar amfanin gona, ciyawa da kyau kuma tsaftace tarkacen shuka tsakanin gadaje. Hakanan yanayin zafi na ban ruwa ba daidai ba na iya haifar da waɗannan cututtuka. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a bi shawarwarin ban ruwa, iska da yanayin ƙasa.
Akwai hanya ɗaya kawai don magance vertisillosis. Ana kona tsire-tsire ko tsire-tsire marasa lafiya. Babu yadda za a yi a jefar da sharar a cikin takin don kada ramin takin ya kamu da cutar kuma a samu karin kayan lambu.
Ya kamata a dasa kayan lambu masu lafiya a wani wuri. Idan seedlings ne, to, sabon akwati da aka sarrafa tare da ƙasa. Magani na gaba tare da fungicides. Kamar Previkur, Rovral ko Topsin.
Binciken
Don guje wa launin rawaya na ganye ko ‘ya’yan itace, dole ne a bi da su a baya tare da kowane nau’in biofungicides na kwayan cuta. Ana yin haka kwana 10 bayan saukar jirgin. Kuma mako guda kafin girbi.
Bugu da kari, don kauce wa rotting matakai a kan tushen da kuma mai tushe, ya kamata ka akai-akai da kuma da kyau bar iska da greenhouse, tsunkule da sako da bushes.
ƙarshe
Kurakurai a cikin kulawa suna haifar da bushewar ganye. Dole ne mu bi tsauraran shawarwari yayin shirya kayan iri don dasa shuki, da kuma kula da shuka a duk matakan girma, kuma an ba da tabbacin girbi mai kyau.
