Eggplant Baƙar fata kyakkyawa ya sami karɓuwa a duniya ba kawai don babban aikin sa ba. Amfaninsa sun haɗa da kulawa mara kyau da juriya ga yawancin cututtuka, don haka ko waɗanda ba su taɓa cin karo da noma ba na iya shiga cikin noman sa. Za a yi la’akari da cikakken bayanin iri-iri a cikin labarin.
Kyawawan black eggplant
Halaye iri-iri
An tashe kyawawan baƙar fata iri-iri a kan ƙasar Rasha a cikin cibiyar bincike Nemo. A shekara ta 2006, an haɗa shi a cikin Register na Tarayyar Rasha. Ana iya girma iri-iri a yankin tsakiyar kasar da kuma a yankin Arewacin Caucasus.
Yawan aiki yana da girma: daga 1 m2 zaka iya tattara har zuwa kilogiram 10 na samfurori masu inganci.
Bayanin Tafi
Hul ɗin yana ɗaure. Tsayin shuka bai wuce 70 cm ba. Shrub yadawa. Akwai ɗan gajeren nisa tsakanin nodes, wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau akan yawan amfanin gona. An rufe mai tushe da ƙaramin adadin balaga. Launin sa duhu kore ne, tare da ɗan tinge purple. Ganyen suna da matsakaici, kore. A gefenta akwai suturar sawtooth. An rufe saman ganyen tare da matsakaicin adadin spines.
Halayen ‘ya’yan itace
Halayen nau’in ‘ya’yan itacen Black Handsome:
- eggplants mai siffar pear, a gindin sun fi elongated fiye da na ƙarshe,
- launi mai launi purple,
- nama mai tsami mai launin rawaya,
- saman ‘ya’yan itacen yana sheki, yana jin daɗin taɓawa.
- mafi ƙarancin adadin tsaba yana ƙunshe a cikin ‘ya’yan itacen,
- matsakaicin nauyi shine 200 g,
- Tsawon yana kusan 20-23 cm.
Amfani da dandana
Ƙimar ɗanɗanon Esky, amma ba shi da wani ɗaci. Baƙar fata kyawawan nau’ikan aubergine sun dace da amfanin duniya: don shirya sabobin salads ko manyan jita-jita (stews, yi gasa ko pilaf na abinci). Daidai dace don ajiyar hunturu.
Hanyar seedling
Zabi iri-iri da girma da seedlings
Ana ba da shawarar shuka iri-iri ta amfani da hanyar seedling, wannan yana ba ku damar samun farkon samarwa. Dole ne ku fara yanke shawara akan ingantaccen kayan shuka. An ba da shawarar nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan f1. Sun fi juriya ga abubuwan muhalli mara kyau, cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta. Saukowa yana faruwa a tsakiyar Maris. Kafin shuka iri, dole ne a bi da su tare da mai haɓaka haɓakar Epin don samun farkon seedlings da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Kuna buƙatar jiƙa tsaba a cikin maganin Epin (2 MG a kowace lita 1 na ruwa) kuma nace na minti 20.
Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar shuka tsaba a cikin akwati a nesa na 5 cm daga juna. Dole ne a kula don tabbatar da cewa an zuba ƙasa mai albarka a cikin kwantena. Kuna iya amfani da cakuda chernozem da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 1 ko cakuda da aka saya don dasa shuki. Zurfin shuka shine 1.3 cm. Bayan haka, an rufe kwantena da filastik kunsa kuma a sanya su a cikin dakin dumi mai haske. Ana lura da mafi kyawun ƙwayar iri a zazzabi na 25 ° C. Da zaran farkon sprouts ya bayyana, za a iya cire fim din. Bayan kwanaki 20-30, lokacin da aka kafa nau’i-nau’i na ganye 2-3 a kan tsire-tsire, zaka iya dasa su a wuri na dindindin.
Dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa ya kamata a yi kawai bayan ƙasa ta dumi zuwa 15 ° C. Mafi kyawun lokacin saukowa shine farkon Mayu. Dole ne a kiyaye nisa na 50 cm tsakanin layuka da nisa na 40 cm tsakanin ramuka. Zurfin dasa shine kusan 4 cm.
Shuka tsaba
amfanin gona da kuma a cikin bude ƙasa. Don yin wannan, ana kuma bi da tsaba tare da Epin, wanda ke haɓaka girma, ko kuma tare da maganin manganese (2 MG a kowace lita 2 na ruwa) don lalata.
Kuna iya dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa buɗe kawai bayan dumama ƙasa zuwa zazzabi na 14-17 ° C. Nisa tsakanin tsaba ya kamata ya zama 5 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka – 40 cm. Duk layuka ya kamata a rufe su da fim har sai farkon harbe ya bayyana. Bude fim ɗin kowace rana don 1-3 hours don barin iskar oxygen. Bayan fitowar, ana iya cire fim ɗin. A wannan gaba, kuna buƙatar fitar da yankin dasa shuki, barin manyan harbe kawai. Mafi kyawun nisa tsakanin seedlings shine 20-30 cm.
Kulawar da ta dace
Bayanin nau’in Cherny Krasavets aubergine yana nuna cewa baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Dukkanin tsarin yana haɗuwa ne kawai zuwa ruwa mai kyau, sassauta ƙasa na yau da kullun, miya mai inganci mai inganci da garter na daji. Kuna buƙatar shayar da tsire-tsire sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 3-4 kuma kawai tare da ruwan dumi.
Ya kamata a yi takin zamani sau da yawa a duk lokacin aikin girma.
- Yin amfani da takin gargajiya, ana aiwatar da shi a cikin kwanaki 20-26 bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Wajibi ne a tsarma a cikin 10 l na ruwa 2 kilogiram na humus ko mullein da kuma zuba 1.5 bayani a ƙarƙashin kowane daji.
- Makonni 3 bayan na farko. Wajibi ne a tsarma 10 MG na superphosphate da 40 MG na potassium nitrate a cikin 50 l na ruwa. Ana zuba lita 2 na bayani a ƙarƙashin kowane daji.
Bayan shayarwa, bayan kwanaki 2-3, kuna buƙatar sassauta ƙasa kuma cire ciyawa. Wannan ba kawai zai ba ku damar cire ɓawon burodi daga ƙasa ba, amma kuma zai tabbatar da cewa iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki sun isa tushen. Haɗa daji zuwa tallafi yayin da yake girma. Wannan zai kare shuka daga lalacewa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin iska.
Yaki da cututtuka da kwari
Halin yana nuna cewa nau’in yana da tsayayya ga cututtukan marigayi, phytoplasmosis da powdery mildew. Akwai yiwuwar bunkasa tushen rot, ba shi yiwuwa a kawar da shi. Dole ne a cire dukan daji. Don guje wa wannan cuta, kuna buƙatar shayar da bushes da kyau kuma ku aiwatar da sassauta ƙasa na yau da kullun. Zai yiwu ci gaban hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri spots. Kuna iya kawar da shi ta hanyar fesa tare da gishiri colloidal (50 MG a kowace lita 10 na ruwa).
Babban kwari shine kwari, aphids da fleas.
- Yaƙi da kwari da kwari Ana iya fesa shi da maganin manganese (3 MG da 10 l na ruwa). Ana aiwatar da hanyar jiyya kowane kwanaki 10, har sai an gama lalata ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Kuna iya kawar da aphids tare da taimakon shirye-shiryen da ke dauke da jan karfe Oksikhom, wani bayani daga abin da ake yin spraying. Kuna buƙatar tsarma 30 MG na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma ku bi yankin kowane kwanaki 7-10 har sai an lalata aphids gaba ɗaya.
ƙarshe
Baƙar fata mai kyau yana ɗaukar ɗayan shahararrun nau’ikan aubergines. Idan kun shuka da kulawa bisa ga duk waɗannan dokoki, zaku iya girbi amfanin gona mai inganci. Noman ba shi da wahala, duka tare da tsaba da seedlings.
