Zamanin girma camellias kawai a cikin greenhouses na marmari ya ƙare. Amma tare da liyafar matsayi na tsire-tsire na cikin gida, keɓaɓɓun kyakkyawa da almara ba su rasa halayensu ba. Su ne na musamman a cikin komai, har ma a lokacin dasawa, ga wasu suna da alama su zama abin koyi na kamala, wasu sun tabbata cewa ko da manufa na flowering ba ya cancanci ƙoƙari sosai. Camellia suna da wuyar gaske don kiyayewa da fure. Sun dace ne kawai ga waɗanda za su iya kula da shuka a lokacin furanni na hunturu a yanayin zafi mara kyau kuma tare da kulawa sosai.
Camelia na cikin gida – kyakkyawa sosai, amma ba ga kowa ba
Abun ciki:
Bayanin shuka
Saboda yanayin da ba daidai ba, camellias ba zai iya yin gasa tare da masu fafatawa ba: rhododendrons da gardenias. Waɗannan tsire-tsire ne kawai ga waɗanda suka kimanta iyawarsu cikin hankali. Yana da daraja yanke shawarar samun camellia idan za ku iya samun wurin da ya dace da shi.
A cikin gida yanayi, yafi matasan iri kyau kwarai Jafananci camellia (Camellia japonica), wakilin mafi ban mamaki dangin shayi da kuma na kusa da mai shayin shayi camellia na kasar Sin (Camellia sinensis).
Komai yana da sabon abu tare da camellias. Yana fure a lokacin lokacin barci kuma lokacin girma mai aiki ya kasu kashi biyu. Bayan flowering, a watan Fabrairu, lokacin girma na harbe da matasa ganye fara. Bayan ɗan gajeren hutu a lokacin rani, lokacin girma na biyu yana farawa tare da shimfiɗa harbe na ciyayi na shekara mai zuwa da buds a cikin furanni.
Camelias na cikin gida shine tsire-tsire masu furanni masu fure. Tsayinsa kawai ya wuce 1 m, amma tare da tsawo, daji na iya yin mamaki na tsawon lokaci. Itace, bakin ciki, danda, ana ganin harbe-harbe madaidaiciya tsakanin ganyen, an shirya su a madadin, gajere, manyan petioles, m oval tare da tip mai nunawa.
Kyawawan sanyi kawai, launuka masu launin shuɗi na ciyayi suna kama da abin mamaki. Kuna buƙatar yin la’akari sosai game da canji na haushin camellia: launin ruwan lilac, a hankali ya zama haske da launin toka.
Furen camellias shine misali na kamala da ladabi, ko da yake ba tare da wari ba. Kamar siliki, furannin suna girma tare a gindin cikin manyan furanni, har zuwa 12 cm a diamita, waɗanda aka ƙawata da ɗimbin stamens. Ruwan ruwan hoda mai laushi mai laushi ko mai haske amma soyayya da duhun wardi na mata suna mamaki tare da launuka masu wuya.
Hybrid camellias suna da nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan launuka masu launuka biyu masu launin ruwa, guda ɗaya, biyu-biyu, da sifofi biyu, wani ɗanɗano mai ban sha’awa wanda ba zato ba tsammani, “gizo-gizo,” har ma da peony, fure, da nau’in nau’in clove.
Camellia yakan yi fure a lokacin sanyi. Amma sababbin nau’ikan sun fi dacewa da ɗakuna, canzawa, sau da yawa mamaki, blooming ba daga Nuwamba-Disamba zuwa “na al’ada” Afrilu ba, amma kawai a ƙarshen hunturu ko lokacin ciyarwa a waje a gonar. Flowering yana kwanaki 30 zuwa 70, dangane da yanayi.
Tare da buds, shuka zai iya wuce fiye da watanni uku, kuma jiran furen farko yana buƙatar haƙuri mai yawa. Amma sai kowane furen yana ɗaukar kwanaki 10-12.
Camellia Jafananci (Camellia japonica). Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com Cibiyar Rayuwa ta Trevallan
Yanayin girma don ɗaki camellia
da zazzabi
Ana sanya camellias a cikin gida sau da yawa kuma na ɗan lokaci kaɗan. Wuri daga tsakiyar Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu yana da mahimmanci kuma yakamata a yi la’akari da shi kafin siye. Don hunturu, ana iya fallasa camellias:
- zuwa baranda ko keɓaɓɓen loggia,
- sill taga na musamman tare da allon kariya daga iska mai zafi kuma tare da micro-ventilation,
- zuwa lambun hunturu,
- dakin sanyi,
- zuwa veranda,
- a cikin wani patio mai kyalli,
- Zaure,
- Arewa sanyi dakin.
A kowane hali, ya kamata ya zama wuri mara sanyi tare da zafin jiki na 5 zuwa 12 digiri.
A lokacin rani, camellias suna yin mafi kyau a waje. Ana iya fitar da su cikin aminci ba kawai zuwa baranda ba, har ma zuwa lambun, barin yadda zai yiwu, har sai sanyi na farko. Idan kun bar su a cikin daki, to, tare da haske mai kyau, matsakaicin zafi, da yawan samun iska. Ana sanya tsire-tsire da yardar kaina, akayi daban-daban, don haka iska ta gudana a kusa da kambi.
A lokacin rani, hawan zafin jiki na digiri 25 Celsius ba shi da kyau, yanayin mafi kyau shine daga +18 zuwa +22 digiri (don shimfiɗa furen fure a watan Agusta, bayan dakatar da ciyarwa, yana da kyau a iyakance yanayin zafi zuwa digiri 18-20).
Daga fall zuwa bazara, don fure mai ban sha’awa kuma mai dorewa, yanayin zafin iska yayin lokacin bacci ya fi dacewa da sarrafa matakin haɓaka toho:
- shuka ya fi son yin harbe-harbe a zafin jiki wanda bai wuce digiri 15 ba;
- Camellia zai iya girma sosai a cikin zafin jiki na digiri 8-10. A lokaci guda, mafi ƙarancin izini shine digiri 3-5, idan dai an rufe kwantena kuma an kare tushen, yana ba da damar fadada zaɓuɓɓukan kwanciya. Ko da a +13 digiri, camellia na iya zubar da buds.
Canje-canje a yanayin zafi na dare da rana ba abin tsoro bane.
hasken wuta
Camellia yana buƙatar haske mai laushi amma mai haske, zai fi dacewa tare da sa’o’i da yawa na rana. A kan sill taga kudanci, bushes za su sha wahala daga zafi da rana kai tsaye. Sun dace da watsa haske daga yamma da ɓangarorin gabas na gine-gine, wuri iri ɗaya tsakanin wuraren haske, ko zaɓuɓɓuka tare da ƙarin haske. Camellia ba sa fure a cikin inuwa.
A lokacin lokacin ciyayi mai aiki da girma girma, kambi ya kamata a juya shi daidai daidai da tushen haske.
A lokacin rani, camellias suna yin mafi kyau a waje. Manoma Burea-Uinsurance.com flowercouncil
Kula da gida don camellia
Kulawa da kyau don camellias ya fi sauƙi fiye da yanayi mafi kyau. Camellia kawai yana buƙatar kulawa akai-akai da kariya daga yawan ruwa.
Ban ruwa da iska zafi
Ƙaunar yawan shayarwa, camellias yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali game da yadda ƙasa ta bushe. Ruwan da ba ya da kyau, da kuma bushewa gabaɗaya, ba za a yarda da su ba, amma fari mai laushi yana da sauƙin jurewa fiye da ambaliya. Idan ƙasa ta bushe kawai a cikin babban Layer a lokacin rani da rabi a cikin hunturu, kuma ruwa nan da nan ya kwashe daga pallets, camellias zai zama dadi. Mafi girman yawan zafin jiki, yawancin ya kamata a shayar da shi (kuma akasin haka). A cikin ci gaban toho, duk wani canjin zafi na kwatsam yana sa su faɗi.
Ingancin ruwan wannan shuka ya fi mahimmanci. Camellia yana buƙatar ruwa mai laushi, ruwan sama ko narke, yawan zafin jiki wanda ya zarce zafin iska ta digiri 4-5. A cikin hunturu, yana da kyau a sha ruwa tare da ruwan dumi “ɗaki”. Idan buds ba su yi fure na dogon lokaci ba, haɓaka mai ma’ana a cikin zafin ruwa na iya motsa tsarin fure.
Don kula da matsakaicin zafi na iska, daga 50% (kuma ba ƙasa ba) zuwa 65%, ya isa ya kare shuka daga bushewar iska kusa da tsarin dumama kuma a kai a kai ana fesa ganye da harbe (amma ba furanni mara kyau ba). Idan ka shigar da bene tare da dutsen dutse ko gansakuka (ko duk wani mai humidifier), kulawa za a sauƙaƙa sosai.
Dole ne a kiyaye zanen gado mai tsabta. Camellia yana son shawa mai dumi, har ma da buds.
Hakanan karanta labarinmu 5 tsire-tsire na cikin gida tare da furanni mafi girma.
Takin da takin abun ciki
Don camellias, yana da kyau a yi amfani da dabarun takin zamani fiye da shuke-shuken lambu. Tare da farkon girma na harbe da ganye (ko makonni 6 bayan dasawa), ana amfani da ƙarin riguna 2 ko 3 tare da hadaddun ko takin nitrogen mai tsabta wanda ke ɗauke da abubuwan ganowa (don tsire-tsire masu tsiro). Daga nan sai su canza zuwa takin mai magani na musamman don tsire-tsire na fure ko daban don camellias. Matsakaicin mitar shine kowane mako 2, cikin sigar ruwa. Tufafin yana tsayawa a watan Agusta.
Don kula da matsakaicin zafi na iska, ya isa ya kare shuka daga bushewar iska kusa da tsarin dumama kuma a kai a kai a fesa ganye da harbe.
Prune da siffar camellia
Camellia suna da kyau a cikin yanayin halitta. Suna jure wa aski mai ƙarfi mai raɗaɗi, tare da lalacewar fure, mai haske, ba sa jin tsoro. An cire harbe marasa amfani, bakin ciki da lalacewa zuwa tushe. Ana samar da tsire-tsire ta hanyar tsinkewa ko rage tukwici (har zuwa XNUMX/XNUMX na tsayi). Ana yin tsabtace tsabta da pruning akan camellias bayan fure, kuma ya kamata ya kasance cikin lokaci kafin girma da ciyayi masu aiki.
Don manyan furanni, yana da kyau a yanke ƙarin buds, musamman a kan tsire-tsire matasa, barin furanni biyu a ƙarshen rassan.
Dasawa, kwantena da substrate
Ana dasa Camellia kawai kamar yadda ake buƙata, lokacin da tushen ya cika cikin tukunya. A lokaci guda, lokacin dasawa ba koyaushe ba ne: yana da kyau a canja wurin camellia a hankali, adana dunƙule na ƙasa, lokacin fure ko a tsakiyar bazara, na ɗan ɗan dakata bayan girma na farko (Yuni-Yuli). Lokacin dasawa, yana da mahimmanci kada a zurfafa tushen wuyansa, sarrafa matakin wurinsa.
Abu ne mai sauqi don zaɓar cakuda ƙasa don camellia: yana son sako-sako da ƙasa mai ɗanɗano acidic kuma ƙasa don rhododendron ya dace da ita.
Dole ne kwantena su kasance masu faɗi ko daidai zurfin da diamita. An fi son yumbu. Magudanar ruwa: har zuwa ⅓ na tsayi.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli a cikin noman camellia.
Lokacin da aka ajiye shi cikin busasshiyar iska kuma a yanayin zafi mai tsayi, ƙwayar camellia sau da yawa ana kai hari ta hanyar mites, wanda ke cika kambi da mamaki da sauri. Sikeli, thrips, da aphids ba su da yawa. Zai fi kyau a yi yaƙi da kwari akan wannan shuka nan da nan tare da maganin kwari.
Camellia yana da saurin rubewa lokacin da aka ajiye shi cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano. Ganyen ganye da furanni ana ɗaukar su azaman cuta kuma, amma yana da kyau a bincika halayen iri-iri don bambance-bambancen kafin amfani da fungicides.
Yanke shine kawai hanyar samun zuriyar camellia. Farmer Burea-Uinsurance.com 手机 新浪 网
Hakanan karanta labarinmu na 7 na mafi kyawun furannin furanni na hunturu.
Haifuwa na camellias
Yanke shine kawai hanyar samun zuriyar camellia. Tukwici na matasa harbe, yanke a watan Yuli, an kafe a cikin ƙasa a karkashin wani kaho, zalunta su da girma stimulants. Tushen yana da wahala, ana buƙatar yanayin greenhouse tare da dumin ƙasa.
