Dokokin don girma zucchini seedlings –

Da kyau germinated zucchini seedlings ba da karfi bushes da za su samar da arziki da dadi girbi a nan gaba.

Dokokin girma kabewa seedlings

Shirye-shiryen kayan iri

Don shuka zucchini seedlings a gida, kuna buƙatar amfani da tsaba masu yawa, ba tare da yellowness ba, rot da lalacewar injiniya.

Da farko kuna buƙatar pickle su. Wannan magudi zai hana ci gaban cututtukan fungal da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin bushes a nan gaba.

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance shi:

1. Don hana faruwar cututtukan fungal, ana sanya tsaba a cikin jakar nama kuma a nutsar da su cikin ruwa mai zafi sosai. a zazzabi na 50 °. Lokacin shawa: 4 hours.
2. Hakanan ana iya tsoma shi cikin cakuda Gamair da Alirin-B. Ɗauki kwamfutar hannu 1 na kowane magani kuma narke shi a cikin lita 1 na ruwa. Hanyar yana ɗaukar sa’o’i 10.
3. Magungunan Fitosporin-M ya tabbatar da cewa yana da kyau. A dakin da zazzabi, ana jiƙa tsaba na sa’o’i 15.
4. Wasu lambu suna juya zuwa hanyoyin jama’a na jiyya. Wasu suna amfani da ruwan ‘ya’yan Aloe, wasu suna amfani da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace Kalanchoe da aka diluted da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 1. Bayan jiƙa na minti 30, an wanke tsaba sosai a cikin ruwan dumi kuma an bushe.

Ana sayar da tsaba da aka saya a cikin vinegar kuma ƙarin aiki zai iya haifar da asarar ci gaba. Kwayoyin da aka kula da su suna da launi mai haske.

Yadda za a hanzarta aiwatar da germination

Bayan pickling, ana kula da tsaba tare da shirye-shirye na musamman don haɓaka haɓakarsu:

1. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce a jiƙa tsaba a cikin ruwan dumi (25 °) na kwana ɗaya nan da nan kafin shuka.
2. Wasu sun gwammace su tsiro tsaba a nannade cikin nama mai danshi. Yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 10. Don shuka, harbe ya kamata ya kai tsayin 5-7 mm.
3. Stratification na tsaba ta hanyar canza tsarin zafin jiki. Da farko, ana sanya tsaba a kan rigar datti kuma a aika zuwa firiji (a 0 °) na sa’o’i 12. Sa’an nan kuma an cire iri kuma a ajiye shi a dakin da zafin jiki na 6-8 hours. Don sanyaya mai inganci, da yawa daga cikin waɗannan hanyoyin dole ne a aiwatar da su a cikin kwanaki 3.
4. Hanyar wanke iri. Ba ya buƙatar a riga an jiƙa iri. Nan da nan an dasa shi a cikin cakuda gelatinous na sitaci da taliya. Don 200 ml na taliya, yi amfani da 2 g na tsaba. Ana haxa tsaba da taliya. Ana ajiye su a cikin wannan yanayin na tsawon sa’o’i 6 kuma ana zuba su a cikin shirye-shiryen dasa shuki.
5. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya jiƙa tsaba a cikin shirye-shiryen da ke ƙarfafa girma. Kyakkyawan wannan shine potassium humate, Epin, Zircon, hadadden abun da ke ciki na abubuwan ganowa. Tsawon lokaci daga 8 zuwa 20 hours. Maganin ash itace (1 tablespoon na abu a kowace lita 1 na ruwa) kuma yana ƙara ƙarfin germination na tsaba na kabewa.

Kwanakin shuka

Lokacin shuka iri a gida ya dogara da yankin da aka shuka wannan amfanin gona.

Dasa zucchini a cikin seedlings a tsakiyar layin – daga Afrilu 20 zuwa Mayu 15 (za a sami farkon girbi na ‘ya’yan itatuwa). Mafi kyawun lokacin don jinkiri shine Yuli 15-30.

Idan kuna shirin shuka seedlings a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin, ana shuka tsaba makonni 2 a baya.

Dokokin noma

Seedlings suna bayyana a cikin haske mai kyau

Don shuka zucchini seedlings akan windowsill, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wuri mai dacewa tare da haske mai kyau:

• idan kun sanya shi a kan windowsill na kudu, to, ƙarin haske ba zai zama dole ba,
• Ana buƙatar hasken wucin gadi a gefen arewa,
• a gefen yamma ko gabas, tsire-tsire ya kamata ya ba da sa’o’i na haske na sa’o’i 10.

A lokacin germination, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa babu canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki da zane a cikin dakin. A cikin sanyi da zafi mara ƙarfi, tsire-tsire bazai iya yin ta cikin ƙasa ba.

Don nasarar noman tsaba, ana buƙatar wasu yanayi. Don samun karfi da lafiya harbe, kana bukatar ka zabi daidai abun da ke ciki na kasar gona, iya aiki, ciyar da seedlings a lokaci, ruwa da kuma tabbatar da barga zafi da haske.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa

Don girma zucchini (ko zucchini) ta hanyar tsire-tsire masu dacewa: ƙasa ta duniya, ƙasa da aka shirya musamman don lambun lambu, ƙasa don dasa shuki shuke-shuken kabewa.

Hakanan zaka iya shirya cakuda ƙasa da kanka. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka guda uku:

1. Haɗa ƙasa peat (50%), humus (30%), ƙasa turf (20%) da sawdust matsakaici (10%). Don inganta abun da ke ciki, ana iya ƙara ɗan ƙaramin yashi a cikin ƙasa. Ammonium nitrate (5 g), phosphorus (10 g) da potassium gishiri (10 g) ana kara su zuwa cube daya na cakuda da aka shirya.
2. Yawancin lambu suna shuka zucchini a cikin cakuda takin (humus) da ƙasa turf. Dukansu sinadaran suna gauraye daidai gwargwado. Phosphorus (10 g), ash itace (200 g), potassium gishiri (10 g) da wasu yashi kogin ana saka su cikin guga na irin wannan cakuda.
3. To, zurfafa zucchini a cikin cakuda yashi da peat.

Zaɓin akwati

Zai fi kyau shuka zucchini a cikin kwantena filastik ko peat saboda rashin haƙuri ga seedlings na hanyar dasawa. Bayan dasa shuki, tsire-tsire na iya bushewa kuma su mutu.

Girman kwantena na shuka ba su da mahimmanci: mafi kyawun diamita (90-100 mm), tsawo – ba fiye da 10 cm ba.

Wasu lambu sun saba da shuka tsiro a cikin kofuna na gida daga jarida ko wani abu mai amfani.

Dabarar shuka

• k’asa a cikin kofuna yana shayarwa sosai da bindigar feshi.
• zurfafa tsaba tare da tsiro zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm,
• zuba dasa shuki da ruwan dumi kadan.

Sharuɗɗan don nasarar germination

Seedlings bukatar taki

Domin tsire-tsire su kasance a shirye don dasawa a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, dole ne su samar da wasu yanayi.

Watse

Don shayarwa, yi amfani da ruwa mai dumi kawai (23-25 ​​°). Lokacin da kuka shayar da ruwan sanyi, da wuya ku ga tsiro.

Ya kamata a yi shayar da tsire-tsire sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 10, saboda yawan danshi zai iya haifar da m da kuma rubewar tsaba waɗanda ba su fara ƙyanƙyashe ba.

Ana shayar da kwanaki masu zafi a akai-akai, sau ɗaya kowane kwanaki 3-4 don guje wa bushewa daga ƙasa da iri.

Da takin mai magani

Abincin farko ana aiwatar da shi nan da nan bayan bayyanar manyan harbe, kuma zai ɗauki kimanin kwanaki 7-8 daga lokacin shuka.

Don ciyarwa, yi amfani da bayani mai zuwa: don lita 1 na ruwa, ba 0.5 tbsp. l Phosphorus da urea. Maimakon irin wannan abun da ke ciki na gina jiki, zaka iya amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi Bud da aka shirya.

Abincin na biyu yana faruwa kwanaki 10 bayan na farko: ½ tablespoon. l Itacen ash yana hade da adadin nitrophosphate iri ɗaya kuma an narkar da shi a cikin lita ɗaya na ruwa.

Ana amfani da takin da aka shirya a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka, ba fiye da 1.5 tbsp ba. l.

Haske da zazzabi

Bayan shuka tsaba, ya zama dole don tabbatar da tsarin zafin jiki na 18-23 °.

Da zaran farkon harbe ya bayyana, dasa shuki yana ba da yanayin zafi daban-daban dangane da lokacin rana:

• a cikin sa’o’i 24 na farko – 15-20 °,
• da dare – 12-15 °.

Bugu da ƙari, yawan zafin jiki a hankali yana ƙaruwa da 2-3 °, matsakaicin alamar a lokacin rana shine 25 °, da dare – 19 °.

Tare da zafi mai tsanani, ba za ku iya hanzarta girma da ci gaban seedlings ba, amma kawai ganimarsa – harbe za su raunana kuma su ɓace.

Ickauki ickauka

Ana aiwatar da wannan magudi a cikin matakin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, kusan kwanaki 25-29 daga lokacin shuka iri.

Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka ya dogara da matakin ci gaban shuka, a lokaci guda, kowane kwafin dole ne ya sami aƙalla ganye 3.

Dasawa zuwa wuri

Kafin dasa shuki zucchini seedlings a cikin bude ƙasa, sannu a hankali saba da iska mai kyau. Hardening yana faruwa mako guda kafin shirin saukarwa.

Na farko, ana fitar da akwatunan seedling zuwa titi kuma a ajiye su na tsawon sa’o’i da yawa a rana, kuma a kawo su cikin ɗakin da dare. 1-2 kwanaki kafin dasa shuki, ana barin tsire-tsire suyi barci a titi.

Makullin samun nasara na noma shine tsarin shuka daidai.

Kada ku dasa da yawa: kada ku yi tsammanin girbi mai kyau, kuma a cikin ci gaba da girma akwai haɗarin cututtuka da parasites.

Matsakaicin mafi kyawun nisa don ƙananan bushes da nau’ikan dogayen iri shine 70 × 90 cm, ana iya dasa daji a nesa na 70 cm, lura da nisa iri ɗaya tsakanin layuka. Ya kamata a zurfafa zuwa tsayin ganyen cotyledon. Idan kun zurfafa shuke-shuken da ke ƙasa da wannan ɓangaren, akwai babban haɗarin kara rot da mutuwar shuka.

Dabarar dasa ta ƙunshi matakai da yawa:

1. Ramuka, zubar da dumi, ruwa mai tsabta.
2. Muna dasa tsire-tsire, a hankali sanya ƙasa a kusa da ƙananan mai tushe kuma zuba su da ruwa mai dumi (ana buƙatar lita 1 na ruwa don kwafin). Lokacin shayarwa, yana da mahimmanci cewa danshi baya shiga cikin foliage.
3. A cikin makonni na farko bayan shuka, ya kamata a rufe seedlings da kayan da ba a saka ba ko fim da dare don kada su daskare. Saboda rashin zafi da canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki, harbe-harbe masu taushi da ba a cika su ba na iya yin baki kuma su mutu. Da safe, lokacin da iska ta yi zafi, ya kamata a cire tsari.

Karin kulawa

Zucchini ya kamata a shayar da ruwa mai dumi

Tsire-tsire da aka dasa a gonar suna buƙatar kulawa da hankali da kan lokaci:

1. Ana shayar da ruwa akai-akai tare da ruwa mai dumi, a cikin fari, bushes suna moistened kowace rana. A lokacin rani, ana shayar da shuka yayin da ƙasa ta bushe.
2. Sake ƙasa bayan shayarwa yana hana bayyanar ɓawon burodi a saman kuma don haka yana kare tushen matasa daga bushewa. Hakanan kuna buƙatar cire ciyawa a cikin lokaci, wanda ke kawar da danshi da abinci mai gina jiki daga tsirrai.
3. Mulching tare da peat, taki ko gonar lambu daga bara yana hana ƙawancen danshi. Ana gabatar da ciyawa bayan aikin ban ruwa da sassautawa.

Babban sutura

A duk lokacin kakar, dole ne a ciyar da bushes sau da yawa.

Don gina ganye (ganye da harbe) na kayan lambu na kayan lambu suna haɗe tare da shirye-shiryen da ke dauke da nitrogen 2 makonni bayan dasa shuki a cikin gado.

A cikin matakin inflorescence da samuwar ovary, ana ciyar da shuka tare da phosphorus da potassium, wanda ke haɓaka inganci da adadin amfanin gona na gaba. Hanya mafi kyau don samun girbi mai yawa shine cakuda Mitlider: nitrophoska (6 kg), urea (1 kg), sul potassium potassium (1 kg), magnesium sulfate (1 kg), molybdenum acid (15 g) da acid boric. 15 g ku).

Cuta da rigakafin kwari

Don guje wa bayyanar cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta, zai taimaka wajen duba kullun don kamuwa da cuta, kiyaye nesa lokacin dasa shuki da kuma tsaftace gonar.

Idan akwai lalacewa ga bushes tare da mildew powdery, spots, mosaic ko fusarium, ana kula da bushes masu rauni tare da fungicides, ana cire samfuran da ba a kula da su ba kuma an ƙone su.

Ana amfani da maganin kwari don aphids, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo (Actellik, Fundazol ko Aktaru)) Ana aiwatar da duk jiyya kafin tsiron ya yi fure da wata ɗaya kafin girbi da ake sa ran.

Shawara

1. Don samun manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa, cire wuce haddi inflorescences a kan bushes. Don haɓaka ciyawar cikin nau’ikan gogewa, ƙwanƙwasa tohowar apical. Don jawo hankalin ƙudan zuma, ana shayar da zucchini da sassafe tare da maganin zuma mai rauni mai rauni.
2. Don haɓaka yawan aiki, yana da mahimmanci don ɗaukar ‘ya’yan itatuwa akan lokaci kuma tattara manyan ƙananan ganye.

Shuka a arewa

Duk da matsanancin yanayin yanayi na arewa da ɗan gajeren lokacin rani, masu lambu har yanzu suna iya samun nasarar shuka zucchini, zucchini da squash da kuma samun girbi mai kyau.

Dabarar shuka, zaɓin ƙasa da kwantena don saukowa iri ɗaya ne da sauran yankuna na ƙasarmu.

Iyakar abin da ya bambanta shine Ki kudin shuka iri. An canza su sosai saboda yanayin yanayin yanayi: ana canja su a ƙarshen Afrilu da farkon Mayu.

Ba duk nau’ikan da suka dace da yankin arewa ba, yakamata a ba da fifiko ga nau’ikan waɗanda lokacin ciyayi ya kusan kwanaki 50 daga lokacin shuka iri. da kuma kafin girbi, nau’in iri da nau’ikan da aka ce dole ne su kasance masu juriya sosai ga ƙarancin yanayin iska.

Bayan dasawa zuwa filin, ya kamata a rufe seedlings da fim don hana daskarewa.

Matsalolin girma

zucchini yana girma lokacin da aka dasa shi da kyau a cikin ƙasa

Lokacin girma zucchini seedlings, lambu sukan fuskanci matsaloli da yawa waɗanda ke haifar da wilting, baƙar fata da mutuwar harbe.

Sprout daskarewa

Wannan Daya daga cikin na kowa Sanadin mutuwar matasa shuke-shuke. Lokacin da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki ya faru, danshi a cikin sel na mai tushe da ganye ya juya zuwa kankara.

Bayan dumama zafin jiki, ƙanƙara ba ta da lokacin da za ta narke, yaga sel daga ciki, a sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire suna mutuwa.

Amma ba yanke ƙauna ba: al’amuran da suka lalace a wani yanki har yanzu ana iya farfado da su, babban abu shine cewa tushen ya kasance cikakke.

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don sake raya irin waɗannan seedlings:

Fesa da ruwan sanyi

Yi shi da sassafe, lokacin da sanyi bai riga ya sami lokaci don cire zucchini daskararre Bayan watering, da seedlings ya kamata a pritenit.

A matsayin inuwa, duk wani kayan da aka inganta – jarida, kwali ko plywood – ya dace.

Bayan irin wannan magudi, ƙananan harbe suna narke a hankali, wanda zai cece su daga wilting da mutuwa.

Jiyya da magunguna (maganin ciwon kai).

Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau shine Epin-extra. Wannan kayan aiki yana ƙara juriya na tsire-tsire zuwa yanayin yanayi mara kyau: sanyi, zane da canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki.

Suna gudanar da aikin sarrafa dukkan sassan tsiron da ke ƙasa, gami da ƙananan gefen ganye.

Sa’an nan kuma ku huta kuma ku maimaita hanya bayan kwanaki 10. Haka kuma, har sai da cikakken maido da daskararre shuke-shuke.

A cikin 5 l na ruwan zãfi, 1 ampoule na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana narkar da. Don acidify bayani ƙara 1 tablespoon. l vinegar ko biyu pinches na citric acid.

Bayan dafa abinci, ya kamata ku yi amfani da shi a cikin kwanaki biyu.

Ganin yadda Epin ke iya bacewa da sauri a ƙarƙashin tasirin hasken rana, yakamata a yi magani da sassafe ko kuma a ƙarshen dare.

Maimakon Epin, ana iya amfani da Zircon (1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana cinye kowane lita 10 na ruwa). Ana yin maganin daskararre sau huɗu tare da tazara na kwanaki 10.

Hadadden taki aikace-aikace

Don farfado da tsire-tsire masu lalacewa da sanyi da haɓaka girma, ana iya ƙara hadadden abun da ke ciki na phosphorus (5 g) da nitrogen (4 g) a cikin ƙasa.

Ana ƙididdige lambar akan fili 1 m².

Yellowed da wilted seedlings

Ana iya haifar da wannan al’amari ta dalilai da yawa: wuce haddi ko rashin taki a cikin ƙasa, acidification na ƙasa ko rashin danshi.

Sabili da haka, kafin saukowa a cikin lambun, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar wurin da ya dace tare da ƙasa yumbu, ɗan acidic, mai ƙanshi tare da kwayoyin halitta. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don daidaita yawan shayarwa don kada tsire-tsire su sha wahala daga rashin danshi.

Yi amfani da takin mai ƙarfi bisa ga makircin da aka nuna akan kunshin.

Baƙin mai tushe da foliage

Wannan yawanci yana faruwa idan tsiron ya kamu da baƙar fata ko wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta.

Don guje wa kamuwa da cututtuka masu lafiya, ya kamata a cire marasa lafiya nan da nan daga wurin sannan a ƙone su.

ƙarshe

Shuka zucchini seedlings a gida – tsarin da ke ɗaukar lokaci kuma yana buƙatar takamaiman ilimi. Yin amfani da umarnin da aka zayyana a sama, zaka iya samun sauƙin girma da nasara girma girma girma da kuma samun high quality-, yalwar girbi na m kayan lambu a nan gaba.