Zucchini kayan lambu ne mai daraja. Suna da wadata a cikin bitamin, suna da dandano mai dadi, ana amfani da su sosai wajen dafa abinci. Suna da sauƙin girma, kowane mai fara aikin lambu zai kula da aikin. Don samun girbi mai yawa, kuna buƙatar sanin ƙa’idodin shirya tsaba, nisan dasa zucchini, da wasu cikakkun bayanai na kulawa.
Tsarin dasa zucchini
Wane iri-iri da za a zaɓa don dasa shuki
Lokacin zabar zucchini iri-iri don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe, la’akari da lokacin ripening na ‘ya’yan itace, nau’in girma, yawan amfanin ƙasa, yanayin cututtuka.
Mafi dacewa iri don noma:
- Jirgin sama. Shrubby iri-iri, yana da babban jure cututtuka. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ne oblong, kore, tare da matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa na 7 – 7.5 kg a kowace m².
- Cavili.Mai girma iri-iri (9kg a kowace m²), halin da farkon maturation, resistant zuwa cututtuka. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ne, launin kore mai haske.
- Iskander. Irin nau’in nasa ne na farkon ripening, fruiting yana dawwama har sai sanyi na farko. Mafi girma iri iri: daga gadaje na m² a cikin yanayi masu kyau, zaku iya ɗaukar kilogiram 15 na ‘ya’yan itace.
- Fari. Yana nufin farkon ripening, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna da girma, m, fari.
- Ruwan ruwa. An farkon balagagge matasan, yana da babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, matsakaici jure cututtuka da kwari.
- Gribovsky. Matsakaici iri-iri, yawan amfanin ƙasa 8,5 kg / m². ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da haske, babba, suna da fata mai yawa, don haka sun dace da ajiyar hunturu.
- Zolotinka. Yana da halin marigayi balaga, yana da matsakaicin juriya ga cututtuka. Yana da kyawawan ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu dogayen rawaya.
- Anga. Yana da babban juriya ga sanyi, kusan ba ya iya kamuwa da cututtuka.
- Fir’auna. Iri-iri na manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa, masu tsayayya da sanyi, yana da matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa da juriya ga cututtuka. Black-kore ‘ya’yan itãcen marmari sun dace da ajiya na dogon lokaci.
- Ardendo 174. A farkon cikakke iri-iri, tare da matsakaici-sized haske kore ‘ya’yan itace.
- Genovese. Ana nuna nau’in iri-iri da tsayi da manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa, juriya ga canjin zafin jiki.
Za a iya dasa nau’ikan da aka jera a cikin layi na tsakiya da yankunan kudu. Ga Siberiya, nau’in Ardendo yana da kyau sosai, haka kuma Partenon, Belogor da Genovese. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da halaye masu kyau na kasuwanci.
Shirye-shiryen iri
Zucchini tsaba ya kamata a saya kawai daga amintattun masu siyarwa don samun nau’in da ya dace wanda ya dace da duk halaye.
Kafin dasa, dole ne a shirya iri.
- duba injin tare da maganin sodium chloride (narke a cikin gilashin ruwa, teaspoon 1 na gishiri kuma jefar da tsaba bayan 20 – 30 ma’adinai zai bayyana, amma tsire-tsire masu dacewa za su daidaita),
- bi da wani girma stimulator (danka gauze a cikin bayani kuma kunsa tsaba har sai sun kumbura),
- a sanya daki daidai tsawon kwanaki 2, lokacin da tsaba suka kumbura.
- mako guda don kiyaye tsaba a wuri mai dumi da haske
Daga ƙananan tsaba suna girma don bayyana .. Bayan germination, ana iya dasa kayan a cikin seedlings.
Don shuka seedlings, kuna buƙatar ƙasan lambun da aka haɗe da peat, ash itace a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1. A cikin cakuda, kuna buƙatar ƙara takin mai magani – nitrogen da ma’adanai. Lambu kuma shawara disinfecting kasar gona, domin wannan daskarewa, sa’an nan dumama. Kuna iya shuka tsaba masu tsiro kawai a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, mai dumi.
Kuna iya siyan cakuda ƙasa da aka shirya a shagon. Ba lallai ba ne a kashe shi kuma a ƙara taki zuwa gare shi.
Ana watse ƙasa a cikin kofuna daban kuma ana shuka iri. Fadada yumbu ko yashi magudanun ruwa ana sanya shi a kasan tankunan. Idan cakuda yana da haske, an zurfafa zuriyar 6 cm. A cikin wani abu mai yawa an sanya shi zurfin 4 cm.
Ana sanya sprouts 2 a cikin akwati, ƙasa tana ciyawa a saman. Bayan makonni 1 zuwa 2, dole ne a kawar da mafi raunin ƙwayar cuta.
Lokaci da tsarin shuka
Ya kamata a kare tsire-tsire matasa daga hasken rana kai tsaye
Don dasa zucchini da zucchini, dole ne a shirya gonar a cikin fall. Suna tono shi zuwa zurfin 1-2 m, haxa ƙasa tare da gishiri da takin ma’adinai.
A kudanci, ana iya tura seedlings zuwa ƙasa buɗe a ƙarshen Mayu, a tsakiyar layi, ana yin shuka a watan Yuni. Yana da mahimmanci cewa an kafa yanayi mai dumi da kwanciyar hankali.
Don tsire-tsire matasa su sami tushe, yana da mahimmanci a bi tsarin shuka. Nisa tsakanin zucchini seedlings shine mita 1.
Tsarin dasa shuki na zucchini iri ɗaya ne, amma nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kamata ya zama 20 cm fiye.
A tono kananan yara kafin a dasa rijiyoyi, sai su fara shuka da daddare, don kada rana ta kona tsiron. Hakanan ya kamata ku zaɓi wuri a cikin lambun da aka kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye da iska.
Ana zuba humus da ash a cikin kowane rami da aka tono, a gauraya da kasa. Sai a cika ramin da ruwa. Ana cire seedling a hankali daga tukunya tare da yanki na ƙasa kuma an saukar da shi cikin rami. Yayyafa tushen da ƙasa, tattake. Ƙasar basal tana da manne.Za a iya ɗaure shuke-shuke da tallafi.
Dokokin kulawa bayan dasa shuki
Domin tsire-tsire zucchini suyi tushe kuma su kawo girbi mai yawa, kuna buƙatar ba su kulawar da ta dace, gami da shayarwa, ciyarwa, da ciyawa.
Yadda ake shayar da zucchini
Zucchini a farkon matakai na ci gaba da kuma bayan dasawa a cikin bude ƙasa yana buƙatar yawan ruwa, musamman a lokacin bushewa.
Ka’idoji na asali:
- yana faruwa kowane kwanaki 10-14 da sassafe ko bayan faduwar rana,
- shayar da shuke-shuke a karkashin ny haushi,
- Mafi kyawun adadin ruwa shine 12 l / m²,
- ruwan bai kamata ya zama sanyi ba, yawan zafin jiki na ruwa shine 20-25 °,
- kada ruwa ya fadi akan ganye, furanni da ovaries na ‘ya’yan itace, don kada ya haifar da lalacewa.
Lokacin da ban ruwa bai isa ba, ƙarancin ‘ya’yan itacen ya lalace, nama yana ciji.
Ban ruwa yana tsayawa kowane mako kafin girbi. Ganyen tsiron na iya shuɗewa, amma wannan ba shine dalilin firgita ba. Lokacin da adadin hasken rana ya ragu, za su sake tashi.
Yadda ake takin zucchini
Ya isa takin tsire-tsire sau biyu
Bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, takin kabewa sau 2. A lokacin flowering, hadaddun abun da ke ciki (tare da kwayoyin halitta da ma’adanai) an hadu.
Lokacin da ‘ya’yan itatuwa na farko suka bayyana, ana shigar da hadi na ma’adinai tare da phosphorus da potassium a cikin ƙasa. Dole ne a shirya taki mai ruwa sosai daidai da umarnin masana’anta, don kada ya ƙone tushen.
Sako da sako
Sake ƙasa a cikin yankin tushen ranar bayan watering. Dole ne tsarin ya yi hankali kada ya lalata tushen. Yayin da tsire-tsire ke girma, dole ne a rufe ƙasa da ciyawa.
Ya kamata a ci gaba da ciyawa kamar yadda ake bukata. Ana buƙatar lalata ganyen furanni, galibi ana dasa ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin su.
Girbi
Abubuwan da suka fara girma suna girma a cikin kwanaki 30-40, daga baya a cikin kwanaki 45-60 bayan shuka. Wasu tsire-tsire suna ba da ‘ya’ya har sai sanyi na farko.
Za a iya girbe zucchini lokacin da ya kai girman 150 – 250 g, girman 15 – 20 cm. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari da waɗannan halaye suna da ƙananan tsaba, bawo na bakin ciki. Yanke zucchini tare da tushe mai tsayi 6 zuwa 9 cm. Don a adana su tsawon lokaci.
ƙarshe
Zucchini yana da nau’i na musamman na bitamin da ma’adanai. Idan kun shirya tsaba da kyau kuma ku dasa zucchini a daidai nisa daga juna, tsire-tsire za su ba da girbi mai yawa.
Ba shi da wahala a shuka tsire-tsire da kula da tsire-tsire masu girma.Ruwa abu mafi mahimmanci a cikin lokaci, sa’an nan ɓangaren litattafan almara zai zama m da dadi.
