Zucchini mara fa’ida na Cavili ya shahara sosai ga masu lambu. Yana da juriya ga cututtuka. Dangane da ka’idodin kulawa, manomi zai sami girbi mai yawa. Kayan lambu ya dace da girma a cikin gida da waje.
Cavili squash
Bayanin iri-iri
Zucchini Cavili F1 shine sakamakon kiwo na Dutch. Nasa ne na tsire-tsire masu bushewa, amfanin gona yana da wannan bayanin:
- internodes gajere ne,
- ganyen manya ne, masu fadi, duhu kore, masu hange, tare da balaga.
- tushen tsarin na sama, ya mamaye babban yanki idan aka kwatanta da sashin iska na shuka,
- furanni suna bisexual, manyan, orange.
Flowering yana faruwa a lokacin rana. A karkashin danniya, sprout sanyi ba tare da pollination yana yiwuwa.
Bayanin ‘ya’yan itace:
- siffar silinda, na yau da kullun,
- nauyi – 0.3-0.5 kg,
- tsawon har zuwa 22 cm,
- launin kore ne mai haske,
- naman fari ne, mai laushi, mai daɗi, yana da daɗi.
Shirye-shiryen iri don shuka
Ana amfani da kayan shuka kawai ana siye. Girbi daga bara ba zai yi aiki ba. Ba sa buƙatar a shirya tsaba na musamman. Don hanzarta seedlings, yana da daraja aiwatar da wasu manipulations:
- a jika su a cikin ruwan dumi na tsawon awanni.
- kunsa su a cikin rigar datti har kwana ɗaya.
Ya kamata tsaba su kumbura. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ba su tsiro ba. Kona su ba shi da daraja, saboda an riga an bi da su da abubuwa na musamman.
Hanyoyin noman iri-iri
Cavili yana samar da girbi mai kyau akan ƙasa mara kyau, ƙasa mai yumbu tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. Sauran nau’ikan ƙasa dole ne a inganta. An gabatar da yashi a cikin ƙasa mai yumbu, ana ƙara peat zuwa ƙasa mai yashi, wanda ke riƙe da danshi.
Manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu tsami
A cikin bude filin
Wuri mai haske da dumi ya dace da iri-iri. Kuna buƙatar yin shiri a cikin fall. Don yin wannan, ana tsabtace gado. An haƙa ƙasa zuwa zurfin 35 cm, ana amfani da takin mai zuwa ta 1 m²:
- 6-8 kg na ruɓaɓɓen taki ko takin;
- 50-60 g na superphosphate da potassium gishiri.
Don ƙarancin ƙasa, ya kamata a ƙara adadin takin da ake amfani da shi.
A cikin bazara, mako guda kafin dasa shuki, ana amfani da 50-60 g na ammonium nitrate da 1 m² a cikin ƙasa. Tona ƙasa zuwa kauri na 25 cm. Kasa a shirye take ta sauka idan kwallon ta ruguje yayin jefar.
Lokacin da zafin jiki ya faɗi, dole ne a rufe tsire-tsire. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da fim ɗin takin ko ciyawa. In ba haka ba, za a cutar da su.
A cikin greenhouse
A cikin yankuna da yanayin sanyi, yana da kyau a shuka zucchini a cikin ƙasa mai tsari. Ka’idodin noma iri ɗaya ne da a cikin fili. Amfanin irin wannan amfanin gona:
- rage lokacin girma,
- samun babban aiki a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci,
- inganta dandano ‘ya’yan itace,
- tsire-tsire ba su daskare, saboda yawan zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse yana dawwama.
Ana haƙa ƙasa a cikin kaka zuwa zurfin 8 cm, takin. Idan mai kula da lambu ba shi da lokacin yin ado, to, zai yiwu a yi shi a cikin bazara. Kafin dasa shuki, ƙasa a cikin rami yana hade da nitroammophos. Ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire yana wakiltar 30-40 g na abu.
Mafi kyawun yanayi a cikin greenhouse don dasa shuki:
- zafin jiki na ƙasa – 20-25 ° C;
- iska da maraice – 23 ° C, da dare – sama da 14 ° C.
A cikin gadaje masu dumi
Idan babu yiwuwar gina greenhouse kuma yanayin yanayi a yankin yana da sanyi, yana da daraja yin gado mai dumi. Amfanin wannan hanyar:
- samun da wuri da yawan amfanin ƙasa,
- a cikin shekarar farko ba kwa buƙatar yin ado da kyau,
- saukin kulawa,
- rashin barazanar daskarewa.
Aikin yana da matukar wahala, yana farawa a cikin fall. Da farko, suna gina akwatin katako tare da tsayin 0.5 m. An yi ƙasa da raga tare da ƙananan sel. Sa’an nan kuma a sanya shi a wuri mai haske kuma ana sanya waɗannan yadudduka:
- Magudanar ruwa – An yi shi da abubuwan da suka lalace na dogon lokaci. Reshe, ruɓaɓɓen allo, kwali, da sauransu. Sun dace.
- Duniya – 3 cm.
- Shuka da sharar abinci – 10-15 cm.
- Ƙasa – 10 cm.
- Taki – 10 cm. Wani lokaci ana ɗaukar ragowar shuka.
- Ƙasa – 20 cm.
Hanyoyin shuka
Zucchini tsire-tsire a cikin gadaje da aka shirya
Zucchini dasa ta hanyoyi 2: ta amfani da tsaba da seedlings. Ana buƙatar jujjuya amfanin gona.A gaban zucchini, yakamata a shuka amfanin gona masu zuwa a gonar:
- kayan lambu,
- kabeji,
- baba,
- tumatir,
- alkama hunturu.
Kada a dasa Cavili F1 bayan cucumbers, squash, da squash. Tsire-tsire na iya fama da cututtuka iri ɗaya.
Shuka tsaba
A cikin yankuna masu zafi, ana fara dasa zucchini a ƙarshen Mayu. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata a saita yawan zafin jiki na iska zuwa kusan 18 ° C, da zafin jiki na ƙasa a zurfin 10 cm – 12 ° C. Yanayin zai iya tsawaita tsarin har zuwa farkon Yuni.
Ana sanya tsaba 2-4 a cikin kowane rami tare da zurfin 5-6 cm. Tsarin shuka: 70 × 140 cm. Bayan germination, harbi mafi ƙarfi ya kasance, kuma an yanke sauran.
Seedling namo
Ana shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Afrilu – farkon Mayu. Don yin wannan, ɗauki kwantena tare da diamita na 10 cm kuma sanya tsaba 2-3 a cikin ƙasa. Don haka lokacin dasawa, tushen tsarin ba zai lalace ba. Tukwane na peat kuma sun dace da girma seedlings.
An saita tsaba zuwa zurfin 3-4 cm, tare da kaifi ƙasa. Yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin ya kamata ya zama 25-28 ° C. Farkon harbe ya bayyana a cikin kwanaki 4. An cire harbe mai rauni, yana barin ɗayan mafi ƙarfi. Sa’an nan kuma ana sanya tukwane a wuri mai haske, sannu a hankali rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa 18 ° C. Mako guda kafin dasa shuki, seedlings suna dumi. Don wannan, zafin jiki dole ne:
- 16-17 ° C a rana,
- 13 ° C da dare.
Ana ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da hadadden taki sau 2:
- mako guda bayan germination.
- mako guda bayan ciyarwar da ta gabata.
Ana yin ban ruwa lokacin da saman saman ƙasa ya bushe. Seedlings ana shuka su a cikin ƙasa a cikin kwanaki 20-25. Tsire-tsire ya kamata a kasance a cikin ƙasa tare da ganyen cotyledon. Suna kare su a cikin makon farko.
Kula da zucchini
Don amfanin gona don jin daɗin girbi mai kyau, yana biya don samar da yanayi mafi kyau. Tsire-tsire ba sa son inuwa. Ko da ganyen ku na iya tsoma baki tare da samun haske, don haka yana da kyau a cire manyan, tsofaffin ganye.
Kyakkyawan aiki tare da kulawa mai kyau
Watse
Yawan zafin jiki na ruwa don moistening ƙasa ya kamata ya wuce 20 ° C. An zuba ta a ƙarƙashin tushen da dare. Mafi kyawun adadin ruwa ya kamata:
- kafin ‘ya’yan itace – sau ɗaya a mako, 9-10 lita da 1 m²,
- a lokacin ‘ya’yan itace – sau 2-3 a mako don lita 15 na ruwa da 1 m².
Zucchini yana jure wa fari, amma yana ƙara yawan zafi a cikin zafi. In ba haka ba, ganyen zai bushe kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa zai ragu sau 3.
Padding da sassautawa
A karo na farko an kwance ƙasa tare da bayyanar seedlings ko kwanaki 2-3 bayan dasawa. Ana yin irin wannan magudi a rana ta biyu bayan kowane ruwa ko ruwan sama. A cikin hanyoyi, an sassauta ƙasa zuwa zurfin 14 cm, a ƙarƙashin daji – ta 5 cm.
Ana yin miya don adana danshi na ƙasa. Don yin wannan, ɗauki sawdust, shredded hay ko peat crumbs.
Abincin
A cikin wasu matakan girma, ana amfani da takin mai magani a kashi na 1 lita kowace daji:
- kafin flowering: 10 l na ruwa, 1 l na ruwa taki, 20 g na nitrophoska,
- a lokacin flowering da ‘ya’yan itace samu: 10 l na ruwa, 40 g na itace ash, 20 g na hadadden ma’adinai taki,
- a lokacin ripening na zucchini – 10 l na ruwa, 30 g na nitrophoska.
Kada a yi takin idan an ƙara kayan abinci kafin shuka a cikin adadin da ake buƙata. Wannan shi ne musamman gaskiya a cikin hanyar girma greenhouse. In ba haka ba, ganye da harbe za su yi girma sosai, suna hana samuwar ovaries.
Girbi da adana amfanin gona
A iri-iri yana halin dogon fruiting. Ana girbe zucchini daga farkon Yuli zuwa tsakiyar watan Agusta. Daga bayyanar cikakkun harbe zuwa samuwar zucchini, kwanaki 40-45 sun wuce. Wani lokaci ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna ci gaba da ɗaure har zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi. Abubuwan da ake samu suna da girma: har zuwa 9 kg a kowace 1 m².
Cikakken Cavili F1 squash baya rasa dandano, amma yana da kyau a ɗauka akan lokaci. In ba haka ba, daji zai yi yawa fiye da kima, yawan aiki zai ragu. Ƙananan ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba su dace da ajiya ba, saboda suna da fata mai laushi. Cikakke ci gaba a cikin cellar na kimanin watanni 2. Don yin wannan, an sanya su a kan katako na katako a cikin 1 Layer. Mafi kyawun wuri don adana zucchini a cikin ɗakin shine baranda mara zafi. Kowane ‘ya’yan itace an nade shi a cikin takarda kuma a sanya shi a wuri mai duhu. Zucchini zai kasance a cikin firiji na kimanin wata guda.
Squash cututtuka da kwari
Cavili F1 yana da juriya ga mildew powdery. Cututtuka na yau da kullun da matakan sarrafa su sune:
- Peronosporosis – fararen fata suna bayyana akan ganye, wanda ya karu kuma ya juya launin ruwan kasa. An rufe ƙananan ɓangaren da launin toka na zaitun. Da shigewar lokaci, ganyen suna raguwa. A kan cutar, yi amfani da maganin 0.2% na 80% Tsineba. Ana kuma amfani da Barrera ko Oksikhom. An ƙayyade adadin magungunan bisa ga umarnin da aka haɗe.
- Anthracnose: yana shafar ganye da ‘ya’yan itatuwa. A cikin farko, launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana, a cikin na biyu – kodadde ruwan hoda spots. A cikin yaki da cutar, ana amfani da maganin 1% na ruwa Bordeaux ko 0,4% bayani na jan karfe sulfate.
Hakanan, kwari suna shafar Cavili squash:
- Spider mite – ƙananan fararen ɗigo da layin gizo-gizo suna bayyana akan ganye. Tare da babban mamayewa, farantin ganyen ya zama fari. A kan annoba suna amfani da kwayoyi ‘Spark’, ‘Karbofos’. An ƙayyade kashi bisa ga umarnin.
- Suman aphid: yana tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga ganye, wanda ke haifar da curling. Ovaries sun fadi. Bayan lokaci, daji yana bushewa. Don magance cutar, da miyagun ƙwayoyi ‘Karbofos’ ya dace.
Don hana ci gaban cututtuka da cututtuka na kwari, yana da daraja ɗaukar matakan kariya masu zuwa:
- lura da jujjuyawar amfanin gona,
- a cikin kaka, cire ragowar ciyayi.
- ƙi seedlings,
- saya tsaftataccen tsaba,
- kar a yawaita jika kasa.
- halaka ciyawa.
Zai yiwu a kori kwari tare da taimakon maganin jama’a. Don shirye-shiryenta, ɗauki 1 kofin minced tafarnuwa, 1 tbsp. l barkono ja, 1 yanki na sabulun wanki, wanda aka grated. Ana kuma dasa marigolds kusa da lambun ko tsakanin tsire-tsire.
ƙarshe
Masoyan zucchini suna amsa da kyau ga nau’in Cavili F1. Yana ba ku damar cimma babban aiki tare da ƙaramin ƙoƙari da lokaci. Karamin bushes yana adana sarari, wanda ke da fa’ida a cikin ƙananan yankuna. Zai yiwu a sayi tsaba a rahusa. Zucchini ya dace da dafa abinci daban-daban da kuma gwangwani. Sai ya zama cewa sun bushe kuma sun daskare.
