Dasa wardi zuwa wani wuri a cikin fall ana ɗaukar mafi dacewa don daidaitawar shuka. A wannan lokacin, rana ba ta da aiki sosai, kuma ba za ku iya jin tsoro cewa wardi ba za su ƙone ba, kuma karuwa a cikin kwanakin damina zai taimaka wajen yin tushe a cikin sabon yanki.
Dasawa na lokaci-lokaci ya zama dole saboda dalilai da yawa.
Ideal Lokacin motsi wardi yana dauke da farkon kaka, wato, rabi na biyu na Agusta da farkon Satumba. A wannan lokacin, sun riga sun shuɗe zuwa mafi girma, kuma yanayin da aka kafa ya fi dacewa don yin tushe a wani sabon yanki.
Ana ba da shawarar yin aikin a cikin kwanciyar hankali, ranar girgije. Amma yana da mahimmanci kada a jinkirta shi, saboda idan kun dasa shi daga baya, akwai haɗarin cewa tushen ba zai ƙarfafa ba kafin sanyin sanyi kuma wardi ya mutu. kar a yarda flowering, wato, tattara harbe.
A lokacin rani, ana aiwatar da hanyar ne kawai a cikin gaggawa – idan tsire-tsire suka yi rashin lafiya ko girma a wuri mara kyau. Ana gudanar da kulawa a wannan lokacin a cikin yanayin girgije a hade tare da harbe-harbe da kuma yawan shayarwa.
Kalandar wata
Kuna buƙatar dasa wardi a cikin lokacin girma, musamman lokacin da wata ke cikin alamun Aries, Taurus da Gemini.
A cikin 2019, ana ganin kwanakin suna da kyau:
- Agusta: 3, 6–8, 9–12, 18–22, 26–27, 31,
- Satumba: 1–6, 17–19, 23, 26–27, 29, 30.
Halayen yanki
Tsire-tsire da aka dasa suna yin tushe a cikin makonni 2-3. A wannan lokacin, za su yi ƙarfi kuma suna shirye don sanyi na farko.
Dangane da yanayin yankin, lokacin ya bambanta:
- A kudu, ana iya dasawa har zuwa ƙarshen Nuwamba.
- A tsakiyar Rasha, har zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba.
- A cikin yankunan arewa, sanyi yana faruwa da wuri, don haka yana da kyau a dasa shuki a watan Agusta.
Shiri
Zaɓin wurin
Dole ne a zaɓi wurin saukowa a hankali
Dole ne rukunin yanar gizon ya cika ka’idoji masu zuwa:
- Kyakkyawan yanayin yana gudana kafin tsakar rana, saboda aikin evaporation yana faruwa da safe, kuma wardi ba su da saukin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal.
- Kasancewar ɗan gangara, don ruwan sama da ruwa narke ruwa ba zai lalace ba kuma ya lalata tushen tsarin.
- Kariya daga iskar arewa.
- Zurfafa abin da ya faru na ruwan karkashin kasa.
- Ƙananan acidity na ƙasa: Ph 6.0-6.5.
Yana da mahimmanci a yi nazarin halaye na iri-iri, saboda yawancin wardi (alal misali, nau’in Mary Rose) ba sa jure wa tsakar rana kuma suna buƙatar dasa shuki a cikin inuwa.
A cikin shekaru 10 masu zuwa, ba za a iya dasa wardi a yankin da cherries, quinces ko cinquefoil suke girma ba.
Tono wardi
Wardi mai shekaru 5 yana jure wa dasawa cikin sauƙi – matasa har yanzu ba su da ƙarfi sosai, kuma tsofaffi na iya girma da yawa kuma zai yi wahala a tono.
Kwanaki biyu kafin a yi amfani da su, ya kamata a shayar da bushes sosai. Saboda haka, dunƙulen ƙasa, wanda ke kare tushen daga rauni, za a kiyaye shi sosai.
Fitar da wardi, ja da baya 20-30 cm daga tushe.
- Tono da felu da farko, sa’an nan kuma girgiza su da cokali mai yatsu kuma yanke tushen tsoma baki. .
- Bayan cire daji da sanya shi a kan burlap ko wasu kayan da suka dace don sufuri.
Wicker da wardi mai laushi suna buƙatar a nannade su da zane ko ɗaure tare da yawon shakatawa.
Don tono da jigilar manya bushes, zaku iya amfani da guga filastik tare da yanke ƙasa.
- A kusa da a tsaye notches tare da felu a kasa da kuma a kan waɗanda suka ɗaure guga.
- Daga nan sai su ɗaga furen, su yanke tsayi mai tsayi, tushen tushe mai zurfi, sannan su canza shi.
Tsarin rijiyoyin shuka
Ya kamata a shirya ramukan dasa 2-3 makonni kafin murmurewa. Don haka, ƙasa za ta daidaita, kuma bayan dasa shuki tushen abin wuya zai kasance daidai da ƙasa.
Girman ramukan ya dogara da nau’in tsire-tsire kuma an ƙayyade shi ta wurin yankin da tushen tsarin ya mamaye. Auna shi ta gani ta amfani da ka’ida mai zuwa: diamita na tsarin tushen ya kusan daidai da diamita na kambi.
Bugu da kari, ma’auni sun dogara da fasaha:
- Lokacin dasa shuki tsire-tsire tare da buɗaɗɗen tushe, ana shirya ramukan ta hanyar ƙididdige tushen tushen kyauta, kuma tushen wuyan ya kamata ya bushe ko 2 cm a ƙasan ƙasa,
- idan tushen ya rufe, ramukan suna samar da adadin ƙasa sau biyu.
Ana ba da shawarar sanya magudanar ruwa a ƙasan Layer na tubalin fashe, yumbu mai faɗi ko yashi kogi.
Sannan kuna buƙatar yin takin mai magani da ƙari, dangane da abun da ke ciki da haɓakar ƙasa. Alal misali, ana ƙara peat a cikin ƙasa mai yashi, ana ƙara yashi mara kyau a cikin ƙasa yumbu, alli ko garin dolomite ana ƙara zuwa ƙasa mai acidic.
Fasahar dasawa
Zai fi kyau shuka fure tare da dunƙule na ƙasa
Da farko kuna buƙatar shirya ƙasa, wanda zai rufe tushen. Ƙasa mai kyau gauraye da humus da ash ko cakuda peat, ciyawa da ƙasa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da ƙasa da aka saya don wardi.
Tare da dunƙule na ƙasa
Ya kamata a sanya fure a cikin rami don saman damfara ya zama ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci a lokaci guda don kula da polarity, wato, sanya daji dangane da kudu da arewa kamar yadda ya girma a tsohon wurinsa.
Ana yayyafa ramukan tare da cakuda ƙasa da aka shirya kuma an haɗa su.
Tare da shekaru, wardi suna samar da ƙananan tushen tsotsa, sabili da haka, don kada ya lalata abubuwan da ke ciki, yana da kyau a dasa tsire-tsire tare da dunƙule na ƙasa.
Tare da tushen tushen
Idan ba za a iya adana dunƙulen ƙasa ba, alal misali, ya kamata a raba shrub, a duba tushen, a cire waɗanda suka lalace kuma a sanya su a cikin cakuda humus da ƙasa don hana yashwa. Ta haka, ana iya barin shuka na kwanaki da yawa.
Bayan siyan, ana bada shawara don saukar da tsire-tsire na kwana ɗaya a cikin ruwa tare da maganin Kornevin ko wani abin motsa jiki.
- Lokacin da aka gina ƙaramin tudun ƙasa a ƙasan rijiyar.
- Ana sanya fure a kai, ana gyara tushen a hankali kuma a shayar da shi tare da tushen kuzari. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ba su karkata zuwa sama ba.
- Sa’an nan kuma ramin yana cike da cakuda ƙasa da aka shirya a matakin tushen wuyan daji.
- A ƙarshe, suna tattara ƙasa, suna shayar da shi sosai kuma suna girgiza shi 20-25 cm. .
Bayan kulawa
A cikin wata na farko bayan dasawa, da seedlings inuwa da yanke ganye. Wannan wajibi ne don kada shuka ya ƙafe danshi mai yawa kuma ya fi tushe.
Ana aiwatar da pruning a gaban tsari don hunturu. A lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci a lura da halaye iri-iri na shirye-shiryen hunturu: ana yanke wardi na hawa da kashi na uku, kuma an yanke nau’ikan shayi a cikin rabin, barin 2- 3 buds a kan kara. cututtuka.
