Raspberries, Calories, benefits and harms, Useful properties

Deciduous semi-shrub Rubus idaeus, or Raspberry
Ordinary
distributed all over the world – from Alaska and Aleutian
islands to Hawaii. Popularly, the fruits of raspberries are called berries,
which does not correspond to their definition in the botanical classification.
From this position, a more accurate name for the raspberry fruit is “polystyanka”.

From the list of berry crops, raspberries stand out for their high concentration
antioxidants,
which prevent damage to body cells and stop
aging process. This gives the right to call raspberries “the berry of health
and longevity “.

Useful properties of raspberries

Composition and calorie content

Fresh raspberries contain (in 100 g): .

Calories 52 Kcal

Vitamin C 26,2 Potassium, K 151 Vitamin
B4 12,3 Phosphorus,
P 29 Vitamin E 0,87 Calcium, Ca 25 Vitamin
B3
0,598
Магний, Mg
22
Витамин B5
0,329
Натрий,
On 1

Full composition

When comparing the amount of nutrients in fresh and frozen
fruits, the difference in vitamins is not so significant, and the concentration
most minerals even increase. However, canned
raspberries indicators of “usefulness” fall sharply, so say
the health-improving role of raspberry jam is not necessary.

The amount of nutrients in raspberries is influenced by belonging
to a certain variety and growing conditions, but a set of biologically valuable
active substances are present in one way or another in all varieties.
Of the mineral compounds in raspberries, there is relatively much iron,
zinc, copper, average amount of manganese (up to 210 mg per 100 grams
raw product). The seeds contain fatty oil (according to various sources,
up to 14-22%) and about 0,7% of phytosterol.

Known for raspberries and high vitamin C content, concentration
which can increase even more with decreasing temperature
vegetation. In the list of organic acids, a special place is occupied by
salicylic acid, thanks to which raspberries
has numerous medicinal properties, since ancient times
helping a person to maintain health.

Raspberry bush

Medicinal properties

One of the key qualities of raspberries is their antioxidant activity.
The complex impact of a number of adverse factors (from electromagnetic
and ultraviolet radiation to radioactive and toxic pollution)
leads to an excess of free radicals in the body and oxidation
macromolecules that disrupt the balance of natural antioxidant
system and leads to the destruction of body cells. Products with
high antioxidant activity, which include
raspberries restore this balance.

The main natural antioxidants are flavonoids, phenolic
compounds, anthocyanins, vitamins C and E, carotenoids, etc. are present
in all varieties of raspberries, but in different proportions. The highest
antioxidant activity among Eastern European varieties differ
“Hercules”, “Eurasia”, “Golden Autumn”, “Ruby Necklace”.

Vitamin C is the most important natural antioxidant, but not only in
this is its meaning. The name of the synthetic analogue – “ascorbic
acid “contains a direct indication of the link between vitamin deficiency
S and cingi
(“Scorbutus” – in Latin “scurvy”). In addition, this substance
necessary for the normal functioning of the connective and bone
fabrics. In relation to raspberries, this is important, because in one serving
berries contain approximately 25-35% of the daily intake
vitamin C.

P-active compounds included in the group of substances of phenolic origin,
in addition to resistance to free radicals, they have an effect on
elasticity and permeability of capillaries, promote excretion
toxins. Manganese is another element in comprehensive protection against
the effects of free radicals – in the composition of enzymes it is responsible
also for protein synthesis. Magnesium plays an important role in the functioning
the heart muscle and, in general, in the work of the cardiovascular and nervous
systems. And vitamin K is necessary for a person for normal clotting.
blood.

Raspberry leaves

These and other useful substances create the prerequisites for the manifestation
raspberries of numerous medicinal properties: bactericidal, diaphoretic,
painkillers. Antipyretic effect of eating raw fruits
raspberries are relatively weak, but thanks to salicylic acid,
he may be present too.

Fresh berries effectively quench thirst and stimulate digestion.
The fruit owes its smell to raspberry ketone, which increases
secretion of gastric juice, bile, saliva and generally excites
appetite. Often the fruits are used as a sobering agent.

According to some reports, the use of raspberry ellagitanins (esters
ellagic acid and sugars) at a dosage of 40 mg per day is capable of
prevent the development of cancer cells by slowing their growth
or destruction (with a high concentration of ellagitannins). Also
ellagic acid has the ability to lower blood pressure.

Use in medicine

The State Pharmacopoeia (collection of standards defining
quality of medicinal substances) raspberries entered in 1952, however
only a small part of the potential is directly used in scientific medicine
plants. Raspberry fruit syrup includes
in mixtures as a sweetener. And compounds that are
the result of the biosynthesis of salicylic acid, used in ointments
and powders in the treatment of skin diseases.

At the same time, raspberries are extremely widely used in folk medicine.
Moreover, every corner of the world has its own special traditions of its application.

Raspberry jam

Use in folk medicine

In ancient times, healers believed that to calm the bilious fever
and getting rid of gall lichen helps thickened raspberry juice,
with urticaria
and rubella
– gruel from ground leaves applied to a skin rash, and
for leprosy – a decoction of bush roots. The same broth, if
drink, should have helped with wet ulcers,
deprived of
relieve itching
and spots on the skin.

Modern folk medicine is also used as a raw material for medicinal
means uses not only raspberries, but also leaves, flowers,
young shoots and roots. Indications for use are
various diseases:

  • Respiratory diseases (where the raspberry stands
    as a diaphoretic, antipyretic and expectorant).
    Traditional doctors prescribe both raw fruits and tea based on
    raspberry leaves, and a drink made from brewed raspberry shoots.
    To prepare such a medicine, the cuttings are dried, crushed
    (grind), and then brew like tea for about 3 minutes,
    pouring 1 spoon of powder with 2 glasses of hot water.
  • Diarrhea, diarrhea,
    dysentery
    … For these diseases, a decoction of raspberry branches is recommended.
    (three times a day, 1 glass), infusion of leaves and branches (as
    astringent), tea made from dried berries.
  • skin diseases: inflammation, acne
    rash. For treatment, a warm infusion of flowers or leaves is used.
    raspberries (in a ratio of one to twenty). Soaked in cooked
    liquid, a tampon is applied three times to the affected area at intervals
    in a few minutes. The course includes 20 procedures, with the first
    10 cycles are carried out daily, and the remaining 10 cycles every other day. Besides
    this, in the treatment, an ointment is used from the juice of the leaves and cream
    oils, and also – an infusion of leaves in olive oil.
  • Diseases of blood vessels and blood… With inflammation
    hemorrhoidal veins, a decoction of the roots or raspberry flowers is used.
    For hemorrhages – a decoction of the leaves. Also raspberry leaves in decoctions
    and infusions are used by folk physicians as an anti-sclerotic
    an agent that improves the condition of blood vessels.
  • Reproductive disorders… As the main
    the raspberry component is part of the fees that help men
    with sexual impotence, and women – with infertility. East Slavic
    healers gave women a decoction of roots or raspberry flowers when
    excessive and atypical discharge from the genitals (leucorrhoea).

In folk medicine, there are certain traditions due to
the specifics of a particular region. Historically Ukrainian healers
used raspberry berries, leaves and flowers for rheumatic
pain and fever
Czech physicians treated with raspberries gastrointestinal disorders
path, and Belarusian – colds.

Raspberry broth

Broths

In broths, branches and leaves are most often used, less often flowers
and the roots of a raspberry bush. The resulting remedy thanks to the expectorant
the effect is recommended for the treatment of cough
bronchitis,
laryngitis,
asthma,
and due to the astringent properties – with diarrhea, intestinal inflammation,
hemorrhoids.

So, for example, to prepare a decoction from the branches of raspberries, washed
the stems are first poured with boiling water, and then kept on a weak
heat for about an hour until the water turns reddish
shade. Apply the decoction in a cooled form. Long finished product
do not store. Even in the refrigerator they keep it no more than a day.

There is another way to prepare broths when the washed branches
or the leaves are first boiled (usually about 10 minutes) and then allowed to stand
in cooling water for another 0,5-1 hour. A similar way
most often used when creating a decoction of berries and flowers. IN
in this case, the raspberries are taken in the proportion of 30 berries per glass of water,
and flowers – 20 grams per glass (200 ml).

Before the appearance of hair dyes, a decoction of raspberry leaves with potash
used to dye hair a dark color. Now in clean
in the form of such a decoction, they often rinse the hair after washing to stimulate
growth and strengthening.

Infusions

In home treatment, infusions on fruits, leaves, flowers are popular.
and raspberry stalks.

  • Infusion of berries. 200 grams of dried fruit
    insist for half an hour in 0,5 liters of boiling water. Drink is recommended
    2 glasses for 1-2 hours for colds.
  • Infusion on flowers. 20 grams of flowers are poured
    a glass of boiling water (200 ml), incubate for half an hour and filter.
    Take liquid 1 tablespoon three times a day with
    colds and coughs. The same infusion is externally prescribed
    with erysipelas
    inflammation, acne.
  • Infusion of leaves… 4 teaspoons of leaves
    the plants are crushed and poured with 2 cups of boiling water.
    After straining, take ½ cup 4 times a day.
    as an anti-inflammatory and astringent for gastritis
    and enteritis.
  • Infusion of stems… Fresh raspberry stalks either
    in a form peeled from leaves, or washed directly with leaves
    and cut into pieces, after which they are dipped into a jar and poured
    vodka in an approximate ratio of 1: 5. Such alcohol is prescribed
    infusion of traditional healers to restore reproductive
    function.

Raspberry tea

In oriental medicine

Depending on one or another Eastern tradition, doctors “prescribed”
fruits or vegetable parts of raspberries for different types of diseases:

  • Traditional Chinese Medicine Recommended Raspberries for Diseases
    eyes (redness, inflammation and even blindness), toothache,
    to remove uric acid and stimulate urination. Leaves
    the plants were used as a hemostatic agent, and the fruits
    recommended for improving digestion.
  • In Korean folk recipes, raspberries, along with lemongrass,
    plantain seeds
    and dodders, as well as anchor flowers are mentioned as an ingredient
    drugs for infertility.
    With male sexual impotence, Korean doctors also suggested
    fight with raspberry-based remedies. For this, the fruits first
    soaked in vodka, and then dried in low heat and crushed
    in a mortar. The resulting powder, washed down with water, was taken in
    in the morning in a volume that approximately corresponded to the volume of a tablespoon
    “With a slide.”
  • In Tibetan medicine, plants were treated with leaves and young shoots
    acute and chronic infectious diseases, neurasthenia,
    inflammation of the peripheral nerves (neuritis).
    It was believed that raspberries “heals the Wind, Heat, and at the same time the Wind
    with Heat “. Raspberries (Kentakari) have been used for lung diseases.
    It was assumed that its effect on the body should
    “Bring infectious fever to maturity.”
  • In Transcaucasia, flower tincture was used as an antidote.
    for the bites of poisonous insects and snakes, and the aqueous extract of the leaves
    – as a mixture that has a stimulating effect on the central
    nervous system.
  • Peoples of the Trans-Baikal Territory with fruits, leaves and stems of raspberries
    cured diseases of the nerves.

In scientific research

Research to date on raspberry-based drugs
carried out either in rodents or in vitro – that is, in a test tube,
“In glass”, outside of a living organism. Scientists experiment mainly
with two main groups of polyphenols found in raspberries:
ellagitannins (the main decay product of which is ellagic
acid) and anthocyanins.

Scientist examines raspberries under a microscope

The ability of raspberry extracts and its individual refined components
prevent oxidative processes in the cells of the body was
tested in vitro with various biochemical markers
oxidative stress. Experimental results have confirmed the effectiveness
a similar approach and reduce the level of oxidative stress, which
without therapeutic measures provokes inflammatory
processes and leads to the emergence of a number of serious diseases..

In laboratory animals, the effect of raspberry extract on inflammation,
caused by oxidative stress has been tested in several experiments.
So, with collagen-induced arthritis
in rats, raspberry extract (at the rate of 15 mg / kg) significantly slowed down
the development of clinical symptoms of the disease, inhibited the intensity
destruction of bone tissue, reduced soft tissue edema and
the rate of appearance of osteophytes (bone growths)..
In another experimental model, rodents were first provoked
development of gastritis, and then gave them ellagitannins. As a consequence
this not only decreased inflammation, but also activated antioxidant
body enzymes..

Oxidation also has a destructive effect on the endothelium – a mono-layer
cells lining the inner surface of the cavities of the heart, blood
and lymphatic vessels. The endothelium does not just “polish” the vessels
from the inside. It synthesizes many biologically active substances
and exhibits high endocrine activity. Its damage leads
to arterial hypertension (high blood pressure syndrome), atherosclerosis
and the occurrence of a variety of cardiovascular diseases.

In vitro studies on individual cells have shown
that both the berry itself and the raspberry extract have a positive effect
on the functioning of the endothelium, preventing the risk of developing hypertension
and atherosclerosis.… In another animal experiment, rats were
the observation results were divided into 2 groups: the first included
healthy rodents with normal pressure, the second – animals
with high blood pressure syndrome. Within 5 weeks, rats from
both groups were given 100 and 200 mg of raspberry extract, respectively,
resulting in a pronounced antihypertensive effect..

On rodents (hamsters and rabbits), scientists also tested the possibility
inhibition of atherosclerosis using products from raspberry raw materials.
So, hamsters were introduced to the diet for 12 days with raspberry juice, thanks to
which was marked by a decrease in the level of triglycerides (the so-called,
“Bad” fats). However, it turned out that lower cholesterol levels
it was possible only with the help of the juice of a certain type of raspberry. IN
research, such a therapeutic effect was found in the variety “Cardinal”..

In New Zealand, white rabbits are placed on a diet dominated by
fat and cholesterol and then introduced ellagic acid into their diet
(1% of the total diet). By the end of the experiment, animals have significantly
decreased plasma and aortic fat levels, and slowed down
accumulation of cholesterol in the thoracic aorta..

A handful of raspberries in female hands

For losing weight

The calorie content of fresh berries in different sources is estimated differently,
but in most cases it is indicated at 41-42 kcal
per 100 g, which puts raspberries in the group of low-calorie foods.
This allows it to be widely used both in author’s diets and
and in the bakery industry in dried form to reduce energy
the value of the dough with a simultaneous increase in its taste.

For the preparation of raspberry flour, not only ripe, but also
fruits just beginning to ripen. Raspberries peeled from stalks
dried in the sun and laid out on sieves in a layer of no more than 3
see Then the berries are sent to the oven, where, if properly dried,
they turn grayish red and do not leave marks on
hands when fingering. Blackened berries are discarded. A sign
the correct implementation of the process is also the preservation of the raspberry
smell.

Dried and sorted berries are ground into flour and added
into the dough. The flour products obtained from such a dough with a reduced
energy value are in demand among overweight people who
unable to completely give up sweets. Moreover, in the resulting
after processing, the flour retains fiber,
minerals, anti-sclerotic substances.

Some unfinished research suggests that ketones
raspberries increase the activity of enzymes, accelerating the metabolic
a process with the release of energy. This, in turn,
leads to impaired absorption of fats and is likely to contribute to
weight loss.

The idea of ​​compensating for the high-calorie components of diets with raspberries was expressed by
Elsa Savage, a nutritionist from the USA. She suggested replacing with raspberries
or blueberries, not only flour products, but also fruits that are
excessive use can easily negate the effect of the program
weight loss (grapes,
bananas,
mango i
etc.).

Raspberry with cottage cheese

In cooking

Raspberries – a common ingredient in compotes, jelly, jams
and preserves. Jelly, marshmallow, marmalade are made from it, everywhere
used as a filling for baking and as a filling for desserts.

Ideally, raspberries are combined with cottage cheese,
cream,
milk, ice cream. But she “got accustomed” well in recipes not only
sweet desserts. Raspberry sauces are used to season meat dishes,
and salads are seasoned with aromatic raspberry vinegar.

Red wine raspberry sauce can be prepared as follows
recipe:

  1. 1 The berry (at the rate of ¼ kg) is moved, separated from the stalks
    and washed out. (For easy removal of insects, the fruits are poured
    cool water and then collect the emerging insects from the surface).
  2. 2 Black peas
    pepper (5 pcs.) is crushed (coarse grinding is preferable).
  3. 3 Raspberries are poured into a saucepan, where 100 grams are added
    sugar and 100 ml of dry red wine.
  4. 4 Cook the mixture over low heat for about 15 minutes until completely dissolved
    Sahara.
  5. 5 Chilled raspberries are ground through a sieve, then into the sauce
    ground pepper is added.

There are recipes for spicy sauces based on white wine with the addition of
lemon zest, red pepper, ginger,
cloves, cinnamon. Also in cooking, recipes are widespread
various raspberry liqueurs and vodkas. The berry gives very well
alcohol your taste, smell and color. For the preparation of raspberry alcoholic
drinks usually need 1-2 weeks to insist raspberries on vodka or
cognac at room temperature. And even frozen
berry.

Raspberry in face mask

In cosmetology

Raspberry is a product that can have a beneficial effect on skin condition
both inside and outside.

Raspberry berries are part of the famous anti-aging diet
dermatologist from the USA Nicholas Perricon. His power system “Face
Lift Diet»:

  • on the one hand, it is aimed at combating the action of free radicals
    by “neutralizing” them with products containing antioxidants;
  • on the other hand – on exclusion from the diet of foods that cause
    free radical formation.

With a balanced diet, Dr. Perricon fights eczema,
psoriasis
dermatitis
and early wrinkles.

At home, to combat acne, they also use
fresh raspberry leaves. To do this, they are ground in a mortar to form
homogeneous gruel, which is applied to problem areas for 15-20
minutes, then rinse off with warm water and pat dry
finger movements.

To nourish and cleanse the skin at home, you can do
raspberry lotion. When preparing it, knead a tablespoon of berries
and pour 300 g of vodka, letting the composition brew for 10 days in a dark
place at room temperature. Before using the lotion by half
or 2/3 diluted with water.

Recently, a popular cosmetic ingredient has become
raspberry ketone… It is sold in different packages (usually
5 g to 1 kg) as a white crystalline powder, good
soluble in alcohol, hot oil, squalane, propylene glycol,
triglycerides. The cosmetic benefit of raspberry ketone is
that it, thanks to its fat-burning properties, effectively increases
skin tone, improving its elasticity and eliminating flabbiness.

In facial cosmetics, raspberry ketone contributes to the contraction of
pore, activation of metabolic processes, which ultimately creates a rejuvenating
Effect. In hair care products, this ingredient promotes
both strengthening hair loss and stimulating the growth of new ones.
Thus, as part of various formulations, raspberry ketone solves
a whole range of tasks, including:

Raspberry in the lips

  • smoothing and tightening of the skin;
  • rejuvenation and alignment of microrelief;
  • baldness prevention;
  • fight against cellulitis;
  • burning fat;
  • increased metabolism.

The share of raspberry ketone in the composition of cosmetics, as a rule, accounts for
not more than 1-2%:

  • Facial cosmetics – up to 0,5%;
  • Hair cosmetics: shampoos – up to 2%, hair loss products
    – 0,02%;
  • Gels for strengthening eyelashes and enhancing their growth – 0,01%;
  • Anti-cellulite serums and wraps – 1%.

Raspberry ketone is not very soluble in water, so homemade
cosmetics are usually prepared on the basis of alcohol, introducing the component into the final
preparation phase. When combining raspberry ketone with oils
it is added at the stage of the fatty phase, after which it is heated until complete
dissolution (melting at a temperature of 80-85C).

Dangerous properties of raspberries and contraindications

Eating large amounts of raspberries can harm people
suffering from gout,
having problems with the gallbladder, kidneys. The reason for this is the contained
in the berry calcium oxalatespotentially capable
provoke an exacerbation of disease.

Some studies have suggested a link
the use of decoctions and infusions of raspberry branches with inhibition of function
thyroid and pituitary gland. The appearance of the effect is explained by the probable
the presence in the composition of substances with a hormonal effect.

Due to the presence of coarse fibers in raspberries, its use should
abstain during periods of exacerbation of gastritis, gastric ulcer
and the duodenum. And taking into account the vitamin content in raspberries
K, which affects blood clotting, people taking medications
against blood clotting, before eating raspberries should be consulted
with your doctor.

Often, the danger is created not so much by the product itself as by distorted
ideas about its properties. So, for example, in the network cosmetology
publications widely believed that seed oil
raspberry provides sun protection at an SPF level from
28 to 50. An attempt to identify the source of this information led to an article
in the 2000 Journal of Food Chemistry. IN
she said that similar results were obtained by the team
researchers composed of Canadian, French and Chinese
scientists. However, nowhere was it stated how exactly the researchers
came to similar conclusions and what measures were taken to detect
effect.

Doubts about the correctness of the study were caused by several points:

  • First, a very large SPF range was announced with no explanation
    reasons for the difference in performance.
  • Secondly, the data presented contradicted other studies.
    (American and Indian scientists from the University of Florida and Ravishankar
    Shukla University, respectively), which argued
    that the sun protection factor of most popular natural
    oils is approximately one – SPF 1. (The record holder in the study
    became peppermint oil
    pepper with SPF 7).

Thus, if you apply raspberry seed oil before going out for
beach, there is a direct risk of sunburn – natural
oils have little effect on UVB penetration. Moreover, they
do not block UVA rays at all – the more dangerous long ultraviolet rays
waves, the harm from which is not immediately noticeable.

Unable to stop UV light and the vitamin in raspberries
E (although a filter function is often attributed to it too). As an antioxidant
in combination with vitamin C, stabilizing molecules, vitamin
E can correct the effects of solar radiation, but for this
you need the oil to be unrefined.

In addition, pure vegetable oils have low water resistance.
and poorly adhered to as a barrier, quickly absorbed by the skin.
Therefore, if there is no harm from the product, but with a protective function that
they impose on him, he still does not cope, then this also creates
additional risks.

We have collected the most important points about the benefits and possible dangers of raspberries.
in this illustration and we will be very grateful if you share
a picture on social networks, with a link to our page:

Useful properties of raspberries

Interesting Facts

They have been writing and talking about raspberries since ancient times. The mention of berries appears
in one of the versions of the ancient Greek myth of infancy
Zeus. They tried to hide the future Olympic supreme god
from the bloodthirsty father Kronos, who wanted to destroy his heirs,
who, according to the prediction, were to overthrow him. To
the baby did not give out his whereabouts with a cry, one of the nymphs
decided to distract him by treating him with raspberries. But picking berries, she hurt
hand on the thorns, which caused them to turn the color of blood.

Raspberry picking

And indeed the Latin name for raspberries – Rubus idaeus
– probably comes from the word “rufus“Meaning bright red
color. However, in fact, the fruits of various varieties can be almost
white and yellow and pink and even black.

In wildlife, everything is generally very confusing. For example, raspberry
raspberries aren’t the only ones to taste. Red bananas are different
from the usual yellow ones, not only with a high content of potassium, vitamin
C and beta-carotene, but also with a special flavor reminiscent of
crimson. The same feature is found in the fruits of the “chocolate liana”
– akebia, although its name contains a hint of the smell of chocolate,
which can be felt by being near the plant.

And the names in general are often misleading. In East Asia, widespread
a small tree of the mulberry family – Tri-pointed Kudrania. But
besides this name, he has one more – “raspberry tree”.
Although the fruit of this tree tastes more like a persimmon, outwardly
a clear resemblance to the fruits of raspberries is caught.

The higher the economic and traditional nutritional importance of any
product in the national economy of the country, the more often this product is mentioned
in folklore and author’s creativity. So, among the Eastern Slavs
in fairy tales, raspberries are mentioned more often than any other berry,
and her image is associated with a sweet carefree life, which is reflected
in proverbs and sayings (for example, “Not living, but raspberries”). Not
it is surprising that., which ranks first in industrial
growing this berry, song by Ivan Larionov of 1860 “Kalinka-Malinka”
for a long time it was considered popular.

In the Serbian town of Arilje, located in a picturesque hilly
area, a monument to the raspberry picker was erected. Place not selected
accidentally. The city itself, often called the world capital of raspberries,
because on the surrounding plantations, a fifth of the total harvest is harvested
Serbia, accounting for approximately 5% of the global product harvest.
Thousands of small factories, millions of kilograms pass annually
berries.

Yellow raspberry

Raspberries are considered the main export product of the country and a peculiar
a recognizable brand popular all over the world. In Serbia itself
poetically called “red gold”, and since 2012 they have been holding
events under the general name “Days of Raspberries”.

Since 2018, his monument to raspberries, made by a local sculptor,
there is in the Ukrainian village of Sadovoe, Tokmak district, Zaporizhia
area. Its opening took place at the “Festival of Happy Berries”
and the appearance is associated with the vigorous activity of agricultural
a cooperative that grows this horticultural crop.

But perhaps the most famous “sculptural” image in the world
berries created for the presentation of the Hollywood anti-prize for dubious
achievements in the field of cinema “Golden Raspberry”. Statuette,
awarded to the worst-performing actors,
directors, screenwriters and other filmmakers, intentionally made
made of cheap plastic and covered with a spray bottle deliberately bright
yellow paint.

It is believed that the name of the anti-award “Golden Raspberry” originated
from the slang expression common in English-speaking countries
“(To) blow raspberry (tongue)”, describing a specific way
express disdain to another person. (To show mockery
you need to blow with a slightly protruding tongue and closed lips).

The Golden Raspberry Prize has been awarded since 1981 on the eve of the announcement
the list of nominees for “Oscar” and over the years of existence has become very
popular with audiences and critics. However, not only in the world of cinema,
but in real life there are varieties that, due to their
orange-yellow berries could be a model for authors
figurines.

Selection and storage

They choose raspberries, first of all, focusing on their appearance.
In the absence of obvious damage on the surface of the drupe, it is better to buy
firm raspberry, which has a uniform saturated color. Lethargic,
darkened, wrinkled, moldy berries should be discarded.

Since in the markets today raspberries are most often sold in transparent
plastic cups, the buyer has the opportunity to study
the contents of this container are more attentive, which is very convenient. Through
the transparent walls of the glass, you can see low-quality berries,
which the seller sometimes puts on the bottom, disguising them as fresh.
In addition, the buyer immediately notices if the raspberries are in the glass.
long enough and has already started up the juice.

Frozen raspberries

Dried berries should also be discarded. Storage period withdrawn
from the raspberry bush in its natural form is very short. Fruit is desirable
eat or freeze within the first . hours after collection.

When properly frozen, raspberries can be stored until the next harvest.
years, while maintaining its useful properties. “Correct” is considered
freezing in several stages, in which the berries are first washed
in a colander under a weak stream of water, so as not to damage the soft flesh,
then dried on a paper towel, and finally laid out
in one layer on a baking sheet (tray), which is sent to the freezer
camera. Only after the berries are frozen and hardened can they
pour into a hermetically sealed bag and send to the freezer for a long
storage.

With this method, they do not form a frozen lump, do not lose
their appearance, take up little space in the refrigerator. Highly
raspberries can be stored for a long time and in the form of jam. But these two ways
it is incorrect to compare, because after repeated thermal
processing raspberries loses almost all useful properties.

One of the most recent ways to keep the majority
nutrients in berries were freeze-dried in conditions
vacuum of previously frozen fruits. From the open (household) method
drying, this one is distinguished by the absence of contact of raspberries with an oxidizing
oxygen. The advantage of the method is in the preservation of taste, aroma, color and shape.
berries. Less – in partial loss of anthocyanins and insignificant loss
ascorbic acid.

Varieties and cultivation

The first varieties of raspberries began to appear in the .th century. They all happened
from plants brought from the forest. Today there are
more than 600 varieties, but there is an opinion that many of them are inferior
forest ancestor in terms of the content of nutrients in fruits.
Nevertheless, breeders have something to be proud of.

  • Firstly, a number of varieties are distinguished by their excellent taste.
    and an attractive presentation, as well as a high content of anthocyanins,
    vitamins, phenolic substances.
  • Secondly, many remontant varieties have been developed, which are characterized by
    the ability to bear fruit on both annual and two-year shoots,
    which increases the yield. The first such varieties appeared more than
    200 years ago, and by the end of the .th century, their number exceeded fifty.

Raspberry varieties: Eurasia, Hercules, Cornwall Victoria, Cumberland, Strawberry-Raspberry

Below, for an example, species are described that differ in their commercial originality.
and / or high antioxidant activity:

  1. 1 “Eurasia”. Repaired unpretentious early ripening variety
    with dense large (4-4,2 g) sweet and sour fruits appeared in
    1994 year. Berries can be recognized by their conical shape, dark crimson
    color and matte skin surface. The fruits are not very fragrant, but
    but this raspberry has high indicators of antioxidant activity:
    anthocyanins ¬– 149,6 mg / 100 g, P-active compounds – 326 mg / 100
    Mr.
  2. 2 “Hercules”. Another remontant variety with large, but not very
    sweet and aromatic fruits. This disadvantage “Hercules” compensates
    by the fact that he is one of the record holders for C-vitamin content with indicators
    37,4 mg / 100 g, and by the content of anthocyanins 198 mg / 100 g. Gardeners
    they appreciate it for a fairly high yield, which, at a good level,
    agricultural machinery can reach 3,5-4 kg per bush.
  3. 3 “Cornish Victoria”. Fruits have an unusual creamy yellow
    coloring that immediately attracts the attention of others. But this is not the only one
    a variety with a similar berry color. Besides him, there are, for example,
    Apricot, Golden Everest, Golden Giant, Honey, Golden
    queen “and others. What they all have in common is that berries sometimes have
    saturated, but sometimes – a pale yellow color, for which the members of the group
    species are often called “white raspberries”. Like other varieties of the group
    Cornwall Victoria is low in anthocyanins but high in sugar,
    which especially pleases lovers of very sweet berries.
  4. 4 Cumberland. It is the most common black raspberry variety
    with a high yield – up to 4 kg / bush. The berries are sweet, round.
    But the popularity of this variety is disputed by other fruitful and very
    sweet varieties of black raspberries: “Bristol”, “Pivot”, “Ugolyok”. Alone
    of them are highly resistant to frost (“Ugolyok”, “Airlie
    Cumberland “), others – with a special juiciness (” Bristol “,” Luck “), the third
    – inimitable taste originality (Boysenberry).
  5. 5 “Strawberry-Raspberry”. Some consider it to be a raspberry hybrid.
    and strawberries – clubberries, because they reach the size of a walnut
    nut and looks like both berries at the same time. However, such a view
    does not correspond to reality. Actually “Strawberry-Raspberry”
    Is an East Asian variety of wild raspberries represented by
    on the market under the names “Tibetan”, “Rosolistnaya”, “Dwarf”,
    “Strawberry”, “Chinese”, etc. The species is gradually gaining popularity
    and in our country as a decorative hedge in gardens, because
    has fluffy and thorny shoots that do not rise in mid-latitudes
    above 1,5 meters. At the same time, large flowers on the bush get along well.
    with already ripe huge fruits, which creates an additional decorative
    the effect.

Raspberries should be grown taking into account the varietal specifics. But most
cases, it can be planted as in spring (in the last April decade),
and in autumn (from late August to late September), which is preferable.
Raspberries are propagated by root suckers of individual bushes or
tape (tapestry) method. The earth before that follows well
fertilize with peat compost or manure.

Raspberries love slightly acidic soil that can hold water well.
Due to the occurrence of roots at a shallow depth, raspberries are sensitive
to the drying up of the earth. However, the plant is also oversaturated with moisture.
also does not tolerate, so you should take care of high-quality drainage.

Raspberry bushes need protection from the wind, which threatens that
it can damage shoots and interfere with pollinating insects. However
less, and you should not hide raspberries in a strongly shaded “corner” –
without sun and good lighting, fruiting is noticeably reduced,
and the berries ripen sour.

See also the properties of other berries:

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Anna Evans

Author ✓ Farmer

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